Phthalate and bisphenol exposure during pregnancy and offspring nonverbal IQ

BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposures to phthalates and bisphenols are associated with impaired brain development in animals. However, epidemiological studies investigating the association between prenatal phthalate or bisphenol exposure and cognition have produced mixed findings and mostly had modest sample sizes and measured the exposure during the...

Effet des procédés de fractionnement sur la composition et quelques propriétés nutritionnelles des produits céréaliers [ Effect of fractionation processes on composition and some nutritional properties of cereal products ]

Wheat bioactive compounds (fibres, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants) are concentrated in grain outer layers, which constitute the bran fraction obtained after the milling process leading to the white flour. In order to improve the health value of the flours, whole grains can be processed or alternatively, bran fractions can be added to white...

Xeno-estrogenic compounds in precipitation

The exposure to some chemicals can lead to hormone disrupting effects. Presently, much attention is focused on so-called xeno-estrogens, synthetic compounds that interact with hormone receptors causing a number of reactions that eventually lead to effects related to reproduction and development. The current study was initiated to investigate the...

A physiologically based biokinetic (PBBK) model for estragole bioactivation and detoxification in rat

The present study defines a physiologically based biokinetic (PBBK) model for the alkenylbenzene estragole in rat based on in vitro metabolic parameters determined using relevant tissue fractions, in silico derived partition coefficients, and physiological parameters derived from the literature. The model consists of eight compartments including...

Inhibition of neointima formation by local delivery of estrogen receptor alpha and beta specific agonists

Objective: Neointima formation is the underlying mechanism of (in-stent) restenosis. 17β-Estradiol (E2) is known to inhibit injury-induced neointima formation and post-angioplasty restenosis. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been demonstrated to mediate E2 anti-restenotic properties. However, the role of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is not...

Of the major phenolic acids formed during human microbial fermentation of tea, citrus, and soy flavonoid supplements, only 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid has antiproliferative activity

Dietary flavonoids are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Colonic bacteria convert flavonoids into smaller phenolic acids (PA), which can be absorbed into the circulation and may contribute to the chemopreventive activity of the parent compounds. The purpose of our study was to determine whether flavonoids from green and black tea ...

The metabolic activity of fecal microbiota from healthy individuals and patients with inflammatory bowel disease

The hypothesis was studied that intestinal microbial metabolites play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. For that purpose, an in vitro model of the colon was inoculated with fresh feces of six healthy individuals and eight inflammatory bowel disease patients. Samples were taken from the model over time to analyze...

Bioavailability and metabolism

Priority setting for existing chemicals: Automated data selection routine

One of the four steps within Council Regulation 793/93/EEC on the evaluation and control of existing chemicals is the priority setting step. The priority setting step is concerned with selecting high-priority substances from a large number of substances, initially starting with 2,474 high-production-volume chemicals. In order to be able to...

Feminisation of young males of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to 4-tert-pentylphenol during sexual differentiation

In recent years, a hierarchy of techniques has become available for detecting chemicals which may cause endocrine

Demasculinisation of sexually mature male common carp, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to 4-tert-pentylphenol during spermatogenesis

Sexually mature male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed for a 3-month period to sublethal concentrations of 4-tert-pentylphenol (TPP) and to 17β-estradiol (E2) during spermatogenesis. This was part of a broad research programme investigating the effects of TPP on the life stages of the carp which might prove susceptible to endocrine...

Toxicological profile for o-benzyl-p-chlorophenol

As part of a health-hazard survey on the health risk of hospital cleaning workers from exposure to Lyorthol, a hazard assessment of o-benzo-p-chlorophenol, one of the constituents of Lyorthol, has been prepared. In this paper, the physical and chemical characteristics, kinetics and effects of o-benzochlorophenol are described and discussed, and...

Toxicological profile for o-phenylphenol and its sodium salt

As part of a health-hazard survey on the health risk of hospital cleaning workers from exposure to Lyorthol, a hazard assessment of o-phenylphenol (and its sodium salt), one of the constituents of Lyorthol, has been prepared, In this paper, the physical and chemical characteristics, kinetics and effects of o-phenylphenol and its sodium salt are...

Determination of 2-isopropoxyphenol in urine by capillary gas chromatography and mass-selective detection

An analytical method for the assessment of the exposure of workers to the pesticide propoxur through biological monitoring has been developed. This study was part of a survey of occupational exposure to pesticides used in greenhouses for the growing of ornamental plants. In order to assess the actual absorbed amount of propoxur in the body, an...