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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) was examined in Wistar Crl:(WI)WU BR rats. α-CD was fed at dietary concentrations of 0, 1.5, 5, 10, or 20% to groups of 25 pregnant female rats from day 0 to 21 of gestation. An additional group received a diet with 20% lactose. The additions to the diet of α-CD and lactose were made at...article 2004
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- Zeijdner, E.E. (author), Witkamp, R. (author), Venema, K. (author), Minekus, M. (author), Havenaar, R. (author), TNO Voeding (author) article 2004
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Vos, J.G. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author)Toxicological pathology of lymphoid organs plays an important role in the risk assessment process of immunotoxicants. Identification of chemicals that have the potential to cause injury to the immune system is of considerable public health significance because of the role of the immune system in infectious diseases, hypersensitivity reactions...article 2004
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Ladics, G.S. (author), Holsapple, M.P. (author), Astwood, J.D. (author), Kimber, I. (author), Knippels, L.M.J. (author), Helm, R.M. (author), Dong, W. (author)There is a need to assess the safety of foods deriving from genetically modified (GM) crops, including the allergenic potential of novel gene products. Presently, there is no single in vitro or in vivo model that has been validated for the identification or characterization of potential food allergens. Instead, the evaluation focuses on risk...article 2003
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Delaney, B. (author), Carlson, T. (author), Zheng, G.-H. (author), Hess, R. (author), Knutson, N. (author), Frazer, S. (author), Ostergren, K. (author), van Zijverden, M. (author), Knippels, L. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Penninks, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The cholesterol-lowering effect observed following consumption of oats and barley is attributable to the β-glucan component of the soluble fiber fraction of these cereal grains. β-Glucan has also been reported to modulate immune activity, however, few studies have evaluated the hematological effects of β-glucan following oral exposure. In the...article 2003
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Schellen, A. (author), Ooms, B. (author), van de Lagemaat, D. (author), Vreeken, R. (author), van Dongen, W.D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A generic method was developed for the fast determination of a wide range of drugs in serum or plasma. The methodology comprises generic solid-phase extraction, on-line coupled to gradient HPLC with tandem mass spectrometric detection (SPE-LC-MS/MS). The individual components of the SPE-LC-MS/MS system were optimized in an integrated approach to...article 2003
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Akkerdaas, J.H. (author), Wensing, M. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), Krebitz, M. (author), Breiteneder, H. (author), de Vries, S. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Aalberse, R.C. (author), Hefle, S.L. (author), van Ree, R. (author)Background: Allergy to tree nuts, like hazelnuts, ranks among the most frequently observed food allergies. These allergies can start at early childhood and are, in contrast to other food allergies, not always outgrown by the patient. Tree nut allergy is frequently associated with severe reactions. Diagnosis partially relies on in vivo testing by...article 2003
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Lu, K.Q. (author), Brenneman, S. (author), Burns Jr., R. (author), Vink, A. (author), Gaines, E. (author), Haake, A. (author), Gaspari, A. (author)Background: Thalidomide is an anti-inflammatory pharmacologic agent that has been utilized as a therapy for a number of dermatologic diseases. Its anti-inflammatory properties have been attributed to its ability to antagonize tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) production by monocytes. However, its mechanism of action in the skin is not known....article 2003
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Arts, J.H.E. (author), Bloksma, N. (author), Leusink-Muis, T. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author)Occupational exposure to low-molecular-weight (LMW) allergens such as acid anhydrides can result in occupational asthma, an allergic disease characterized by episodic airway obstruction, airways inflammation, and non specific airways hyperresponsiveness. Since LMW irritants can provoke rather similar effects and since most, if not all, LMW...article 2003
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van Asperen, J. (author), Rijcken, W.R.P. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The toxicity of inhalatory exposure to organic solvents may not only be related to the total external dose, but also to the pattern of exposure. In this study physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) modelling has been used to study the impact of the exposure scenario on the toxicokinetics and the behavioural effects of the model solvent...article 2003
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Emmen, H.H. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Prinsen, M.K. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The objective of this study was to establish the possible occurrence of eye irritation and subjective symptoms in human volunteers exposed to propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) vapour at concentrations of 0, 100 and 150 ppm. Testing was conducted in 12 healthy male volunteers using a repeated measures design. Each subject was exposed for 2...article 2003
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Delaney, B. (author), Carlson, T. (author), Frazer, S. (author), Zheng, T. (author), Hess, R. (author), Ostergren, K. (author), Kierzek, K. (author), Haworth, J. (author), Knutson, N. (author), Junker, K. (author), Jonker, D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)β-Glucans are water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides consisting of (1→3,1→4)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl monomers that comprise a considerable proportion of soluble fiber from certain grains including oats and barley. Consumption of foods containing β-glucan or β-glucan-enriched fractions prepared from these grains lower serum cholesterol...article 2003
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Jonker, D. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Fraile, N. (author), Estrella, A. (author), Rodríguez Otero, C. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Lycopene, as a suspension in sunflower oil (20% w/w), was tested for subchronic toxicity by administration at dietary concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0% to groups of 20 male and 20 female Wistar rats for a period of 90 days. The lycopene examined in this study was derived from a fungal biomass (Blakeslea trispora). Lycopene intake was...article 2003
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Markus, C.R. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author)Extracts from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree (GBE) are found to be clinically effective in neuroprotection, cerebral and cardiovascular function and cognitive processing. Recent animal findings suggest that GBE also may improve stress adaptation and prevent learned helplessness, as evidenced by its reduction of behavioral acquisition...article 2003
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Bellou, A. (author), Saint-Laudy, J. (author), Knippels, L. (author), Montémont, C. (author), Vauthier, E. (author), Gerard, P. (author), Pellegrom, H. (author), Koerkamp, E.K. (author), Lesesve, J.F. (author), Guéant, J.L. (author), Lambert, H. (author), Mallié, J.P. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Anaphylactic shock is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent hypersensitivity. Biological tests like leucocyte histamine release (LHR) and human basophil activation (HBA), frequently used in human allergy, reflect both the amount of IgE fixed on cells and the cellular reactivity. To assess whether serum-specific IgE from Brown Norway (BN) rats...article 2003
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Knippels, L.M.J. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The need for widely accepted and validated animal models to test the potential allergenicity and potency of novel (biotechnology-derived) proteins has become an important issue for their safety evaluation.In this article, we summarize the results of the development of an oral sensitization protocol for food proteins in the rat. Young Brown...article 2003
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Arts, J.H.E. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Although a number of test protocols have been developed to predict respiratory allergenic potential, none of these are widely applied or fully accepted. However, given the serious health problems caused by respiratory allergy and the ever-increasing stream of new chemicals into workplaces, early identification of chemical respiratory allergens...article 2003
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Rothbarth, J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Sparidans, R.W. (author), van de Velde, C.J.H. (author), Mulder, G.J. (author)The optimum conditions (duration and concentration) of a fixed dose, intra-arterial melphalan infusion in relation to its antitumor effect and toxicity in the liver were investigated in a rat colon tumor model (CC531) of liver metastases. We studied the difference in tumor and liver uptake, as well as antitumor effect and hepatotoxicity after 5-...article 2003
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The mucosal membranes form a weak mechanical barrier, but they are provided with an extensive specific and non-specific defence system. Antigenic stimulation of the mucosal immune system of the oronasal passages induces specific, local immune responses, and activates immune components of mucosae elsewhere as well as the systemic immune system....article 2003
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Kimber, I. (author), Dearman, R.J. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Knipples, L.M.J. (author), Buchanan, R.B. (author), Hammerberg, B. (author), Jackson, H.A. (author), Helm, R.M. (author)Because of the public concern surrounding the issue of the safety of genetically modified organisms, it is critical to have appropriate methodologies to aid investigators in identifying potential hazards associated with consumption of foods produced with these materials. A regent panel of experts convened by the Food and Agriculture Organization...article 2003