Effects of feeding stannous chloride on different parts of the gastrointestinal tract of the rat

The effects of feeding inorganic tin on the gastrointestinal tract were examined in rats. Three groups of male weanling Wistar rats were fed a diet to which 0, 250, or 500 ppm Sn2+ had been added as SnCl2. A fourth group was subjected to feed restriction by pair feeding with the 500-ppm group. Comparison of the data from the tin-fed groups with...

The TNO-Thijssen crystallization process and wash-column

A new cooling cryztallization process for industrial purification of organic compounds is developed. The innovating aspects of the process are formed by the unique flow path, based on a co-current transport of crystals and melt, and by the design and operation of the separation and purification section: the wash-column.

Evaluation of histological changes in the kidneys of the alloxan diabetic rat by means of factor analysis

Renal histopathology data, obtained in a 3-month feeding study of the effects of different carbohydrates and polyols in the alloxan diabetic rat, have been subjected to factor analysis. The results indicate a primary and a secondary effect of the diabetic state on the kidney of the rat. The primary effect, the 'diabetic factor', was associated...

Experimental study of the thermal explosion of liquids

The effect of X-rays on the precursors of antibody forming cells (B cells) as measured with the in vitro limiting dilution assay

The effect of X-irradiation upon murine antibody-forming cell precursors (B cells) was established in cultures of spleen cells stimulated with the B cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At day 5 and 7 the numbers of IgM- and IgG2-secreting cells were determined in cultures of irradiated and nonirradiated spleen cells. From these numbers a D(o)...

The effect of irradiation on the antibody enhancing helper T cells

Helper T cells specific for sheep erythrocytes were generated in lethally irradiated mice. The helper effect exerted by these cells was determined in vitro in spleen cell cultures. Irradiation of the helper cells in vivo or in vitro with 1-9 Gy resulted in a bimodal relation between radiation dose and helper effect when measured either...

Repeated exposure to alpha-ethylacrolein vapour: Subacute toxicity study in rats

The subacute inhalation toxicity of ??-ethylacrolein was examined in rats by repeated exposure of 4 groups of 10 males and 10 females each to ??-ethylacrolein vapour at concentrations of 0, 2.0, 9.8 or 48.4 ppm, respectively, (6 h/day, 5 days/week) for a period of 13 weeks. The effects at 48.4 ppm were found to include growth retardation, focal...

One-year time sequence inhalation toxicity study of vinyl chloride in rats. I. Growth, mortality, haematology, clinical chemistry and organ weights

Wistar rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0 (control) or 5000 ppm vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), 7 h/day, 5 days/week, for a period of 52 weeks. After 4, 13, 26 and 52 weeks each time 10 rats/sex/group were killed and subjected to extensive examinations. The present paper deals with growth, mortality, haematology, clinical chemistry and...

Repeated exposure to acrolein vapour: Subacute studies in hamsters, rats and rabbits

The subacute inhalation toxicity of acrolein was examined in 4 groups of 20 hamsters, 12 rats and 4 rabbits each, exposed repeatedly to acrolein vapour at concentrations of 0, 0.4, 1.4 and 4.9 ppm (6 hr/day, 5 days/week) for a 13-week period. The most important effects found at the highest level included mortality in rats, ocular and nasal...

Hoofdpunten uit de nota doelstellingen '75-'80: Aan de medewerkers van..... de nijverheidsorganisatie TNO ...

Nutritional effects of alkali treated soyprotein in rats

Alkali treated spun soy isolate was fed to rats at dietary levels of 5, 10, and 20% for a period of 90 days. The results failed to reveal any adverse effects on general appearance, growth, feeding efficiency, hematological indices, blood serum values, urine composition, kidney function, organ weights, and gross and microscopic pathology except...

The aetiology of caecal enlargement in the rat

The effect of hydroxypropyl starches (degree of substitution (DS) 0.025-0.106), lactose, raw potato starch, polyethylene glycol 1000 or magnesium sulphate on caecal size and some constituents of the caecal contents was studied in male rats of ages varying from 4 wk to 3 mth in experiments lasting from 10 days to 3 mth. All the test compounds...

Aging of phosphonylated cholinesterases

Safety evaluation of yeast grown on hydrocarbons. II: One-year feeding study in rats with yeast grown on pure n-paraffins

Yeast grown on hydrocarbons according to the n-paraffin process of The British Petroleum Company Ltd. was fed to groups of male and female rats at dietary levels of 10, 20 and 30% for 1 yr. Two control diets were used, one being similar to the yeast diet but with soya-bean meal substituted for yeast and the other being the institute's stock diet...

Safety evaluation of yeast grown on hydrocarbons. I: One-year feeding study in rats with yeast grown on gas oil

Yeast grown on hydrocarbons according to the gas-oil process was fed to rats at dietary levels of 10, 20 or 30% for 1 yr. Two control diets were used, one being similar to the yeast diets but containing soyabean-oil meal instead of yeast and the other being the institute's stock diet. The yeast diets had no effect on mortality, general condition...

On the reactivity of organophosphorus compounds. II: The effects of structural variations in the alkyl and alkoxy groups on the values of ΔH* and ΔS* for the alkaline hydrolysis of a number of organophosphorus esters

The second-order rate constants of the alkaline hydrolysis at different temperatures of a number of nitrophenyl phosphorus esters and the values of the quantities ΔH* and ΔS* at 25˚C are reported. The effect of structural changes on the values of ΔH* and ΔS* are considered and are compared with similar changes in other nucleophilic substitution...

The reactivity of some organophosphorus compounds in nucleophilic substitution reactions