A Mixed-integer Linear Programming Model for Defining Customer Export Limit in PV-rich Low-voltage Distribution Networks

A photovoltaic (PV)-rich low-voltage (LV) distribution network poses a limit on the export power of PVs due to the voltage magnitude constraints. By defining a customer export limit, switching off the PV inverters can be avoided, and thus reducing power curtailment. Based on this, this paper proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP)...

Impute-then-exclude versus exclude-then-impute: Lessons when imputing a variable used both in cohort creation and as an independent variable in the analysis model

We examined the setting in which a variable that is subject to missingness is used both as an inclusion/exclusion criterion for creating the analytic sample and subsequently as the primary exposure in the analysis model that is of scientific interest. An example is cancer stage, where patients with stage IV cancer are often excluded from the...

Safety Assessment for Capacity Design of Bolted Steel Connections in Tension

Capacity design for bolted connections in tension means that yielding of the gross cross-section is decisive over the ultimate resistance of the net cross-section. If the requirement for capacity design is met, ductile connection behavior is achieved, and brittle failure is avoided. However, in many practical cases the bolt holes are too large...

The effect of high prevalence of missing data on estimation of the coefficients of a logistic regression model when using multiple imputation

Background: Multiple imputation is frequently used to address missing data when conducting statistical analyses. There is a paucity of research into the performance of multiple imputation when the prevalence of missing data is very high. Our objective was to assess the performance of multiple imputation when estimating a logistic regression...

Comparison of the measured atmospheric muon rate with Monte Carlo simulations and sensitivity study for detection of prompt atmospheric muons with KM3NeT

The KM3NeT Collaboration has successfully deployed the first detection units of the next generation undersea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea at the two sites in Italy and in France. The data sample collected between December 2016 and January 2020 has been used to measure the atmospheric muon rate at two different depths under the...

Towards Simulation of Dynamic Risk-Based Border Crossing Checkpoints

Management and control of border crossings points (BCPs) at frontiers draws widespread attention to prevent and stop irregular migration, human trafficking, and criminal and terroristic acts throughout the world, including at Europe’s Schengen borders. Currently, the checks at BCPs are rule-based, which is not favorable for the effectiveness and...

Area-selective deposition of ruthenium by area-dependent surface diffusion

Long-term memory-induced synchronisation can impair collective performance in congested systems

We investigate the hypothesis that long-term memory in populations of agents can lead to counterproductive emergent properties at the system level. Our investigation is framed in the context of a discrete, one-dimensional road-traffic congestion model: we investigate the influence of simple cognition in a population of rational commuter agents...

Development of a combined in Vitro Physiologically Based Kinetic (PBK) and Monte Carlo modelling approach to predict interindividual human variation in phenol-induced developmental toxicity

With our recently developed in vitro physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling approach, we could extrapolate in vitro toxicity data to human toxicity values applying PBK-based reverse dosimetry. Ideally information on kinetic differences among human individuals within a population should be considered. In the present study, we demonstrated...

Uncertainty propagation of arbitrary probability density functions applied to upscaling of transmissivities

In many fields of study, and certainly in hydrogeology, uncertainty propagation is a recurring subject. Usually, parametrized probability density functions (PDFs) are used to represent data uncertainty, which limits their use to particular distributions. Often, this problem is solved by Monte Carlo simulation, with the disadvantage that one...

Accurate and efficient fiber optical shape sensor for MRI compatible minimally invasive instruments

Background: The mechanical properties of small minimally invasive instruments are limited and thus must be treated as flexible instruments. Proper functional behavior of these instruments can be significantly enhanced when the instrument is equipped with a shape sensor to track the path of the flexible instrument. MRI compatible instruments, and...

Detecting Intermittent Steering Activity ; Development of a Phase-detection Algorithm

Drivers usually maintain an error-neglecting control strategy (passive phase) in keeping their vehicle on the road, only to change to an error-correcting approach (active phase) when the vehicle state becomes inadequate. We developed an algorithm that is capable of detecting whether the driver is currently error-neglecting or error-correcting in...

Nanopillar growth by focused helium ion-beam-induced deposition

A 25 keV focused helium ion beam has been used to grow PtC nanopillars on a silicon substrate by beam-induced decomposition of a (CH₃) ₃Pt(C_PCH₃) precursor gas. The ion beam diameter was about 1 nm. The observed relatively high growth rates suggest that electronic excitation is the dominant mechanism...

Application of HLA in the Optimization of Rail Transport

The Dutch rail infrastructure manager – Prorail – utilizes simulation to perform research in a number of areas of railtransport.One area that is of particular interest is that of the analysis of Dynamic Traffic Management (DTM) of trains. The aim of DTM is to manage plan/timetable deviations from daily train operations effectively in order to...

Traffic modelling validation of advanced driver assistance systems

This paper presents a microscopic traffic model for the validation of advanced driver assistance systems. This model describes single-lane traffic and is calibrated with data from a field operational test. To illustrate the use of the model, a Monte Carlo simulation of single-lane traffic scenarios is executed with application to cooperative...