Wireless non-invasive continuous respiratory monitoring with FMCW radar a clinical validation study

Altered respiratory rate is one of the first symptoms of medical conditions that require timely intervention, e.g., sepsis or opioid-induced respiratory depression. To facilitate continuous respiratory rate monitoring on general hospital wards a contactless, non-invasive, prototype monitor was developed using frequency modulated continuous wave...

Raman Spectroscopy as a Promising Tool for Noninvasive Point-of-Care Glucose Monitoring

Self-monitoring of glucose is important for managing diabetes. Noninvasive glucose monitors are not yet available, but patients would benefit highly from such a device. We present results that may lead to a novel, point-of-care noninvasive system to measure blood glucose based on Raman spectroscopy. A hospitalized cohort of 111 subjects was...

A lightweight security scheme for wireless body area networks: Design, energy evaluation and proposed microprocessor design

In order for wireless body area networks to meet widespread adoption, a number of security implications must be explored to promote and maintain fundamental medical ethical principles and social expectations. As a result, integration of security functionality to sensor nodes is required. Integrating security functionality to a wireless sensor...

Validity and reproducibility of motion sensors in youth: A systematic update

Purpose: To review recently published studies on the reproducibility, validity, and feasibility of motion sensors used to assess physical activity in healthy children and adolescents (2-18 yr). Methods: On October 2004, a systematic literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was performed. This search has been updated on October 2007. In...

Heat stress reduction of helicopter crew wearing a ventilated vest

Background: Helicopter pilots are often exposed to periods of high heat strain, especially when wearing survival suits. Therefore, a prototype of a ventilated vest was evaluated on its capability to reduce the heat strain of helicopter pilots during a 2-h simulated flight. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the ventilated vest would reduce...

Growth monitoring and diagnostic work-up of short stature: An International Inventorization

Background/Aims: Growth monitoring is almost universally performed, but few data are available on which referral criteria and diagnostic work-up are used worldwide for children with short stature. Methods: A short questionnaire, containing questions on auxological screening and on diagnostic criteria for short stature, was sent to all members of...

Contactless multiple wavelength photoplethysmographic imaging: A first step toward "spO2 camera" technology

We describe a route toward contactless imaging of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) distribution within tissue, based upon detection of a two-dimensional matrix of spatially resolved optical plethysmographic signals at different wavelengths. As a first step toward SpO 2-imaging we built a monochrome CMOS-camera with apochromatic lens and 3λ-LED...

Finger cold-induced vasodilatation during hypothermia, hyperthermia and at thermoneutrality

BACKGROUND: Exposure of the fingers to severe cold leads to cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD). The influence of ambient temperature on the CIVD-response is well understood and documented, but the response of CIVD to hyperthermia and mild hypothermia has rarely been investigated. METHODS: To investigate the influence of body thermal status on the...

Continuous stroke volume monitoring by modelling flow from non-invasive measurement of arterial pressure in humans under orthostatic stress

The relationship between aortic flow and pressure is described by a three-element model of the arterial input impedance, including continuous correction for variations in the diameter and the compliance of the aorta (Modelflow). We computed the aortic flow from arterial pressure by this model, and evaluated whether, under orthostatic stress,...

Body fluid markers to monitor multiple sclerosis: The assays and the challenges

The need for reliable markers of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) to better guide basic research, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of therapy is well-recognized. A recent European Charcot Foundation Symposium (Body fluid markers for course and activity of disease in multiple sclerosis (Madrid, Spain, October 2-4, 1997) organized...