Searched for: subject%3A%22Molybdenum%22
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Theelen, M. (author), Broos, R.J.P. (author), Hovestad, A. (author)
The degradation mechanisms of the molybdenum (Mo) back contact for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells in the presence of atmospheric species have been investigated. Mo/MoSe2 films on glass were immersed in water purged with the gases oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), air, in non-purged water, and exposed to air. It was found that the...
article 2022
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Tordera, D. (author), Peeters, B. (author), Akkerman, H.B. (author), van Breemen, A.J.J.M. (author), Maas, J. (author), Shanmugam, S. (author), Kronemeijer, A.J. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author)
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted much attention in recent years, due to their promise in large-area light sensing applications. Here, high-resolution slot-die-coated large-area bulk heterojunction organic photodiode (OPD) arrays are reported. The OPD uses a novel electron transport layer, indium gallium zinc oxide in combination with...
article 2019
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Keulen, A. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Dijkstra, J.J. (author)
This study explores the leaching of oxyanionic metalloid species (As, Mo, Se, V and Cr) from alkali activated slag-fly ash materials (AAM), dependent on various mixture parameters i.e., activator molarity, slag-fly ash precursor/binder compositions, liquid to binder ratio, curing time and strength. The analyses focusses on the leaching of...
article 2018
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Theelen, M.J. (author), de Graaf, F. (author), Daume, F. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Vroon, Z.A.E.P. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
Degradation rates and mechanisms for molybdenum back contacts and ZnO:Al front contacts exposed to damp heat were obtained from literature and experiments. It was found that molybdenum back contacts with a higher density and covered by a MoSe2 film are more stable than their low density, bare counterparts. For ZnO:Al front contacts various...
conference paper 2018
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Zhang, Y. (author), Leeuwenburgh, O. (author)
Recently, a distance parameterization of flood fronts derived from seismic anomalies was proposed as a solution in combination with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), which is known as an efficient method for conditioning of multiple reservoir models to observed data. Even though the distance parameterization in terms of front positions is...
conference paper 2016
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Theelen, M. (author)
An overview of the measurement techniques and results of studies on the stability of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells and their individual layers in the presence of atmospheric species is presented: in these studies, Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells, their molybdenum back contact, and their ZnO:Al front contact were exposed to liquid...
article 2016
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Theelen, M. (author), Hendrikx, R. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Steijvers, H. (author), Böttger, A. (author)
Unencapsulated CIGS solar cells were simultaneously exposed to damp heat and illumination. In-situ monitoring of their electrical parameters demonstrated a rapid decrease of the efficiency, mainly driven by changes in the series and shunt resistances. The non-degraded and degraded solar cells were studied by SIMS and XRD to investigate the...
article 2016
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Goldberg, T. (author), Poulton, S.W. (author), Wagner, T. (author), Kolonic, S.F. (author), Rehkämper, M. (author)
During the Cretaceous greenhouse, episodes of widespread ocean deoxygenation were associated with globally occurring events of black shale deposition. Possibly the most pronounced of these oceanic anoxic events (OAE's) was the Cenomanian-Turonian OAE2 (~94 Ma). However, although certain redox sensitive trace metals tend to be preferentially...
article 2016
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Theelen, M. (author), de Graaf, F. (author), Daume, F. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Vroon, Z. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
Degradation rates and mechanisms for molybdenum back contacts and ZnO:Al front contacts exposed to damp heat were obtained from literature and experiments. It was found that molybdenum back contacts with a higher density and covered by a MoSe2 film are more stable than their low density, bare counterparts. For ZnO:Al front contacts, various...
conference paper 2016
document
Theelen, M. (author), Daume, F. (author)
As Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) photovoltaic (PV) technology matures to production on an industrial scale, its long-term stability becomes increasingly important: The electric yield and thus the revenue of a PV system depend on both the initial conversion efficiency as well as its development over time. Increasing this long-term stability by...
article 2016
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Theelen, M. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Hans, V. (author), Steijvers, H. (author), Vroon, Z. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
Non-encapsulated CIGS solar cells with different contents of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) were simultaneously exposed to damp heat and illumination. The solar cells with higher alkali (Na, K) content exhibited higher initial conversion efficiencies, but degraded severely within 100 hours, while samples with a lower alkali content retained their...
conference paper 2015
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Theelen, M. (author), Foster, C. (author), Steijvers, H. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Frijters, C. (author), Vroon, Z. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
CIGS solar cells and non-covered molybdenum areas and scribes were exposed to liquid water purged with the atmospheric gases carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2) and air in order to investigate their degradation behavior. The samples were analyzed by electrical, compositional and optical measurements before, during and after exposure...
conference paper 2015
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Theelen, M. (author), Harel, S. (author), Verschuren, M. (author), Tomassini, M. (author), Hovestad, A. (author), Barreau, N. (author), van Berkum, J. (author), Vroon, Z. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
The degradation behavior of Mo/MoSe2 layers have been investigated using damp heat exposure. The two studied molybdenum based films with different densities and microstructures were obtained by lifting off Cu(In,Ga)Se2 layers froma bilayer molybdenum stack on soda lime glass. Hereby, a glass/Mo/MoSe2 was obtained, which resembles the back...
conference paper 2015
document
Hovestad, A. (author), Bressers, P.M.M.C. (author), Meertens, R.M. (author), Frijters, C.H. (author), Voorthuijzen, W.P. (author)
High yield and reproducible production is a major challenge in up-scaling thin film Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) solar cells to large area roll-to-roll industrial manufacturing. Pinholes enabling Ohmic contact between the ZnO:Al front-contact and Mo back contact of the CIGS cell create electrical shunts that are detrimental to the output of the cell and...
article 2015
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Minguillón, M.C. (author), Cirach, M. (author), Hoek, G. (author), Brunekreef, B. (author), Tsai, M. (author), de Hoogh, K. (author), Jedynska, A. (author), Kooter, I.M. (author), Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (author), Querol, X. (author)
Trace and major elements concentrations in PM10 and PM2.5 were measured at 20 sites spread in the Barcelona metropolitan area (1 rural background, 6 urban background, 13 road traffic sites) and at 1 reference site. Three 2-week samples per site and size fraction were collected during 2009 using low volume samplers, adding a total of 120 samples....
article 2014
document
Lee, Y. (author), Lee, J. (author), Kim, S. (author), Park, H.S. (author)
We investigated high charge density of states (DOS) in the bandgap of MoS2 nanosheets with variable temperature measurements on ionic liquid-gated MoS2 transistors. The thermally activated charge transport indicates that the electrical current in the two-dimensional MoS 2 nanosheets under high charge density state follows the Meyer-Neldel rule....
article 2014
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Theelen, M.J. (author), Polman, K.J. (author), Tomassini, M. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Steijvers, H.L.A.H. (author), van Berkum, J. (author), Vroon, Z.A.E.P. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
The impact of the molybdenum (Mo) microstructure and selenisation on degradation caused by 105hour exposure to standard 'damp heat' has been investigated. Degradation effects were already observed without magnification after several hours of exposure. The degradation resulted in large volume expansion due to the formation of a thick non...
article 2014
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Scorticati, D. (author), Römer, G.W. (author), de Lange, D.F. (author), Huis In 't Veld, B. (author)
Large areas of regular diffraction nanogratings were produced consisting of so-called laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on thin molybdenum layers (<400 nm) deposited on a borosilicate glass substrate. The aim was to produce these structures without ablating nor cracking the molybdenum layer. Ultra short laser pulses were applied...
article 2012
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Theelen, M. (author), Tomassini, M. (author), Barreau, N. (author), Steijvers, H. (author), Branca, A. (author), Harel, S. (author), Vroon, Z. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
Molybdenum (Mo) degrades under the influence of damp heat, thereby reducing the output of CIGS PV. In this study, Mo layers were deposited on a glass substrate by magnetron sputtering, thereby varying the deposition pressure and the addition of selenium. These samples were thoroughly analysed and degraded at 60°C/60% relative humidity (RH) and...
conference paper 2012
document
Scorticati, D. (author), Skolski, J.Z.P. (author), Römer, G.R.B.E. (author), Huis in 't Veld, A.J. (author), Workum, M. (author), Theelen, M.J. (author), Zeman, M. (author)
In this work, we studied the feasibility of surface texturing of thin molybdenum layers on a borosilicate glass substrate with Ultra-Short Laser Pulses (USLP). Large areas of regular diffraction gratings were produced consisting of Laserinduced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). A short pulsed laser source (230 fs-10 ps) was applied using a...
conference paper 2012
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