The microstructure and rheology of homogeneous and phase separated gelatine gels

The gelation of gelatine in mixtures of gelatine (type A or type B) and globular proteins (Whey Protein Isolate (WPI), Whey Protein Aggregates (WPA) and Soy Protein Isolate (SPI)) was studied with a focus on their phase separation during gelation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy, visual observations and rheology were used to link the changes...

Establishment of the coarse grained parameters for epoxy-copper interfacial separation

Atomistic coarse grained parameters were calculated from a non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of the separation of an epoxy-copper interface. The methodology to determine the interaction energy and the equilibrium distance between the interfacial materials at a minimum energy is established. The traction-displacement relations of the...

Ring-extended gramicidin S analogs Containing cis δ-sugar amino acid turn mimetics with varying ring size

This article presents a series of ring-extended gramicidin S derivatives, 9-14, that have four ornithine residues as polar protonated side chains and one modified turn region containing a mono-functionalized cis-δ-oxetane, δ-furanoid, or δ-pyranoid sugar amino acid residue. Of the GS analogs evaluated, we identified compound 7, which contains...

Single amino acid residue changes in subsite - 1 of inulosucrase from Lactobacillus reuteri 121 strongly influence the size of products synthesized

Bacterial fructansucrase enzymes belong to glycoside hydrolase family 68 and catalyze transglycosylation reactions with sucrose, resulting in the synthesis of fructooligosaccharides and/or a fructan polymer. Significant differences in fructansucrase enzyme product specificities can be observed, i.e. in the type of polymer (levan or inulin)...

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Lactobacillus reuteri 121 reuteransucrase

Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121 uses sucrose for synthesis of a unique, soluble glucan ('reuteran') with mainly α-(1→4) glucosidic linkages. The gene (gtfA) encoding this glucansucrase enzyme had previously been characterized. Here, a detailed biochemical and molecular analysis of the GTFA enzyme is presented. This is believed to be the first...

The effect of storage of whole potatoes of three cultivars on the patatin and protease inhibitor content; a study using capillary electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

The content and biological activity of patatin and the protease inhibitors of molecular size 20-22 kDa present in whole potato tubers were investigated as a function of storage time. The amount of buffer-extractable protein decreased gradually during storage of whole potatoes of the cultivars Bintje and Desiree for 47 weeks whereas, for Elkana,...

Effects of cadmium chloride on the paracellular barrier function of intestinal epithelial cell lines

In the present study we characterized the functional and structural disruption of the paracellular barrier of intestinal epithelium in vitro in relation to cytotoxicity after apical Cd2+ exposure. For that purpose filter-grown Caco-2 and IEC-18 cells were apically exposed to 5 to 100 μM CdCl2 for 4 or 14 h. It was found that the effects of Cd2+...