Integrating dispersion modelling and experimental approach to optimize indoor/outdoor detection of airborne agents. Mimicking the exposure of an infrastructure - JRC Technical report

The overarching objective of the ERNCIP “Detection of Indoor Airborne Chemical & Biological Agents” Thematic Group (TG) is to strengthen resilience of critical infrastructure against airborne CB threats by improvement of detection capabilities. The subsidiary aim of the research described in this technical report is to develop knowledge on the...

Toxicokinetics of sulfur mustard

In this chapter an overview is presented on the state of knowledge concerning the toxicokinetics of sulfur mustard. The procedures to analyze intact sulfur mustard in the blood and tissues of laboratory animals at toxicologically relevant levels are discussed. In view of the fact that the reviewed toxicokinetic studies were performed one to...

Laboratory analysis of chemical warfare agents, adducts, and metabolites in biomedial samples

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are the most toxic compounds ever produced. To develop medical countermeasures against the effects of these agents, analytical procedures to analyze these agents in biological matrices are essential for a better understanding of the toxicological process. The need for the analysis of biomedical samples can have...

Diagnosis of exposure to chemical warfare agents: An essential tool to counteract chemical terrorism

Methods to analyze chemical warfare agents (CW-agents) and their decomposition products in environmental samples were developed over the last decades. In contrast herewith, procedures for analysis in biological samples have only recently been developed. Retrospective detection of exposure to CW-agents is useful for various applications. It can...

Spoorzoeken naar mosterdgas: Chemisch mijnenveld nog altijd even dodelijk

Het gebruik van strijdgassen tijdens de oorlog tussen Iran en Irak (1980 - 1988), de dreiging van het gebruik ervan in de Golfoorlog, de onrust bij Golfveteranen over het Golf-syndroom en ook het gebruik van sarin bij een terroristische actie in de metro van Tokio geven aan hoe belangrijk het is om over methoden te beschikkén die ondubbelzinnig...

Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of nerve agents using large volume injections

The use of large volume injections has been studied for the verification of intact organophosphorus chemical warfare agents in water samples. As the use of ethyl acetate caused severe detection problems new potential solvents were evaluated. With the developed procedure, the nerve agents sarin, tabun, soman, DFP and VX can be determined in...

Protection against toxic compounds: chemical and technological aspects

RVO / TNO jubileumuitgave. 25 Jaar Rijksverdedigingsorganisatie TNO