Searched for: subject%3A%22Materials%255C%2Btesting%22
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Volker, A.W.F. (author), VRolijk, J.W. (author), van der Burg, D.W. (author), van der Heiden, M.S. (author), Martina, Q.E.V.N. (author)
Composite materials are becoming more popular in the aerospace industry, because of their physical properties. In quality assurance and in-service inspection, there is a need for fast, non-contact, high-quality, non-destructive inspection techniques. The most common approach is to perform the inspection using water-coupled high-frequency...
article 2023
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Weerheijm, J. (author), van Breugel, K. (author)
The strength of concrete is its heterogeneous composition. It is a system that is formed by the chemical process of hydration, producing crystalline and amorphous reaction products interlocking and binding the aggregates together. The material grows in time, resulting in a resilient system that is sufficiently strong to carry loads but can also...
bookPart 2013
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Ozbek, A.S.A. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), Schlangen, E. (author), van Breugel, K. (author)
Porous concrete is used in many applications that require permeability, noise absorption or thermal insulation. However, its response under dynamic loading is generally not considered. Porous concrete has a characteristic of forming multiple cracks and subsequently fracturing into small fragments when exposed to impact loading. Therefore, with...
conference paper 2013
document
Dos Santos Ferreira, O. (author), Gelinck, E.R.M. (author), de Graaf, D. (author), Fischer, H. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)
Adhesion measurements were performed by AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). It was shown that many parameters need to be controlled in order to provide reproducible and quantitative results. Adhesion forces were shown to depend on combination of materials characteristics and testing geometry as well as experimental protocol (contact time, contact...
article 2010
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Landucci, G. (author), Molag, M. (author), Reinders, J. (author), Cozzani, V. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)
Two large-scale diesel pool fire engulfment tests were carried out on LPG tanks protected with intumescing materials to test the effectiveness of thermal coatings in the prevention of hot BLEVE accidental scenarios in the road and rail transport of LPG. A specific test protocol was defined to enhance reproducibility of experimental tests. The...
article 2009
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Dainelli, D. (author), Gontard, N. (author), Spyropoulos, D. (author), Zondervan-van den Beuken, E. (author), Tobback, P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
'Active and intelligent' (A&I) food packaging is based on a deliberate interaction of the packaging with the food and/or its direct environment. This article presents: (i) the main types of materials developed for food contact; (ii) the global market and the future trends of active and intelligent packaging with a special emphasis on safety...
article 2008
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Richards, M.G.M. (author), Rossi, R. (author), Meinander, H. (author), Broede, P. (author), Candas, V. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Holmér, I. (author), Nocker, W. (author), Havenith, G. (author)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moisture on the heat transfer through clothing in relation to the water vapour resistance, type of underwear, location of the moisture and climate. This forms part of the work performed for work package 2 of the European Union THERMPROTECT project. Thermal manikin results of dry and wet...
article 2008
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Brouwer, D.H. (author), Links, I.H.M. (author), de Vreede, S.A.F. (author), Christopher, Y. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
A simulated workplace study was conducted to investigate the relation between inhalation exposure and dustiness determined with a rotating drum dustiness tester. Three powders were used in the study, i.e. magnesium stearate, representing a very dusty powder, and aluminium oxide and calcium carbonate, representing low and very low dusty powders,...
article 2006
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Brouwer, D.H. (author), Aitken, R.J. (author), Oppl, R. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
This article proposes a common language for better understanding processes involved in dermal exposure and skin protection. A conceptual model has been developed that systematically describes the transport of agent mass from sources, eventually resulting in "loading" of the skin surface or the skin contaminant layer. In view of a harmonized...
article 2005
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Pires, N.M.M. (author), van der Hoeven, B.L. (author), de Vries, M.R. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), van Vlijmen, B.J. (author), Hennink, W.E. (author), Quax, P.H.A. (author), Jukema, J.W. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
The introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) to prevent in-stent restenosis is one of the major advances in interventional cardiology. Currently many types of DES are under evaluation for effectiveness and safety, a time-consuming and difficult procedure in humans. An animal model that allows rapid evaluation of the present and upcoming...
article 2005
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Immer, U. (author), Reck, B. (author), Lindeke, S. (author), Koppelman, S. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
During the last years allergenic substances in food have gained more and more attention. Stricter rules for a peanut free food labelling demand a peanut contamination less than 5 ppm. The maintenance of a high quality of food products with regards to allergenic exposure is preferable warranted with rapid tests that can be utilized as an aid for...
article 2004
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Brasser, P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)
The heat load, imposed by air-permeable NBC (nuclear, biological, and chemical)-protective suits, can be reduced by improving the air permeability of the suit. However, increased air permeability will reduce the chemical protective performance, since increasing the air permeability of the NBC-protective material will result in higher air...
article 2004
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Cherrie, J.W. (author), Semple, S. (author), Brouwer, D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
There are standardized laboratory tests for chemical protective gloves that provide estimates of breakthrough time and steady-state permeation flux. However, there is evidence to suggest that these tests may not be completely relevant to glove usage in the workplace. There is no consensus about how glove workplace effectiveness should be...
article 2004
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Zhu, Q. (author), de With, G. (author), Dortmans, L.J.M.G. (author), Feenstra, F. (author), TNO Industrie (author)
Near net-shape fabrication of hydroxyapatite (HA) glass composites has been attempted by infiltrating a glass into porous HA performs. Main efforts were put to develop glasses that are chemically compatible with HA at elevated temperatures. After extensive investigations in the phosphate and borosilicate systems, glasses of (50-55)SiO2-(20-25...
article 2004
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Zhu, Q. (author), de With, G. (author), Dortmans, L.J.M.G. (author), Feenstra, F. (author)
The purpose of this study is to investigate the subcritical crack growth (SCG) behavior of alumina-glass dental composites. Alumina-glass composites were fabricated by infiltrating molten glass to porous alumina preforms. Rectangular bars of the composite were subject to dynamic loading in air, with stressing rates ranging from 0.01 MPa/s to 2...
article 2003
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van Wijngaarden, S.J. (author), Rots, G. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)
Background: Aircrews are often exposed to high ambient sound levels, especially in military aviation. Since long-term exposure to such noise may cause hearing damage, selection of adequate hearing protective devices is crucial. Such devices also affect speech intelligibility. When speech intelligibility and hearing protection lead to conflicting...
article 2001
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Havenith, G. (author), Holmér, I. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Parsons, K.C. (author), TNO Human Factors Research Institute (author)
Clothing heat and vapour resistances are important inputs for standards and models dealing with thermal comfort, heat- and cold-stress. A vast database of static clothing heat resistance values is available, and this was recently expanded with correction equations to account for effects of movement and wind on the static value of heat resistance...
article 1999
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de Klerk, W.P.C. (author), Schrader, M.A. (author), van der Steen, A.C. (author), TNO Prins Maurits Laboratory, Researchgroup Properties E., P.O. Box 45, 2280 AA Rijswijk, Netherlands (author)
Compatibility is an important safety aspect related to the production and storage of energetic materials. To test different combinations of materials a simple test method with clear criteria is advisable. At the last ESTAC the use of microcalorimetry and the vacuum stability test for the compatibility testing of propellants were presented. This...
article 1999
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Hekkenberg, R.T. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)
The IEC 1689 standard specifies: methods of measurement, characterisation of the output performance, requirements for safety due to the ultrasonic field generated, characteristics to be declared by manufacturers and acceptance criteria for aspects of performance. For the characterisation, reference as well as routine testing methods are...
article 1998
document
Alkemade, M.M.C. (author), Koene, J.I.A. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)
An immobilization process is described which is based on sulphur (instead of cement) as a binding agent for the treatment of hazardous waste materials. Elemental sulphur is able to bind chemically metals such as mercury and, to a lesser extent, lead as metal sulphides. Furthermore, sulphur forms a compact solid mass that has a low permeability,...
article 1996
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