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Rieckmann, P. (author), Kruse, N. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), Beckmann, K. (author), Miller, D. (author), Polman, C. (author), Dahlke, F. (author), Toyka, K.V. (author), Hartung, H.P. (author), Stürzebecher, S. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Background: Subcutaneous IFNβ-1b (Betaferon®) is an established immunomodulatory treatment for relapsing remitting MS and active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). It modulates cytokine and adhesion molecule expression but long term in vivo effects of IFNβ-1b on the immune system are not known in multiple sclerosis. Objective: To...article 2005
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Smeets, P.A.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), van Osch, M.J.P. (author), van der Grond, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Evidence exists that beverages do not trigger appropriate anticipatory physiologic responses, such as cephalic phase insulin release. Therefore, it is of interest to elucidate the food properties necessary for triggering adaptive responses. Previously, we found a prolonged dose-dependent decrease in the hypothalamic functional...article 2005
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Jansen, J.J. (author), Hoefsloot, H.C.J. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Timmerman, M.E. (author), Smilde, A.K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Genomics-based technologies in systems biology have gained a lot of popularity in recent years. These technologies generate large amounts of data. To obtain information from this data, multivariate data analysis methods are required. Many of the datasets generated in genomics are multilevel datasets, in which the variation occurs on different...article 2005
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Heijne, W.H.M. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Stierum, R.H. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Benzene is an industrial chemical, component of automobile exhaust and cigarette smoke. After hepatic bioactivation benzene induces bone marrow, blood and hepatic toxicity. Using a toxicogenomics approach this study analysed the effects of benzene at three dose levels on gene expression in the liver after 28 daily doses. NMR based metabolomics...article 2005
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Kralj, S. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Faber, E.J. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Glucansucrase or glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes of lactic acid bacteria display high sequence similarity but catalyze synthesis of different α-glucans (e.g., dextran, mutan, alternan, and reuteran) from sucrose. The variations in glucosidic linkage specificity observed in products of different glucansucrase enzymes appear to be based on...article 2005
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Neto, A. (author), Lee, J.J. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This work deals with the properties of a long slot array fed by an array of periodically located feeds spaced at a Nyquist interval. The study begins with the rigorous Green's function (GF) of a single long slot which was extended to an infinite array structure. After this, the input impedance properties of the array when fed by an array of δ...article 2005
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Lamers, R.J.A.N. (author), van Nesselrooij, J.H.J. (author), Kraus, V.B. (author), Jordan, J.M. (author), Renner, J.B. (author), Dragomir, A.D. (author), Luta, G. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), de Groot, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases among the elderly. The main characteristic is the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. We lack quantitative and sensitive biomarkers for OA to detect changes in the joints in an early stage of the disease. In this study, we investigated whether a urinary metabolite...article 2005
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Bobeldijk, I. (author), Boonzaaijer, G. (author), Spies-Faber, E.J. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Reversed-phase liquid chromatography and detection with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation tandem mass spectrometry was used for the determination of kava extracts in herbal mixtures. One percent of kava extract can be detected, corresponding to approximately 0.05-0.2 mg/g of the individual kava lactones kavain, dihydrokavain, yangonin,...article 2005
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van den Dool, T.C. (author), Kamphues, F.G. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)TNO, in cooperation with Micromega-Dynamics, SRON, Dutch Space and CSL, has designed a compact breadboard cryogenic delay line for use in future space interferometry missions. The work is performed under ESA contract in preparation for the DARWIN mission. The breadboard (BB) delay line is representative of a future flight mechanism, with all...conference paper 2005
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Witkamp, R.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This review discusses some of the recent developments in genomics and its current and future relevance for veterinary pharmacology and toxicology. With the rapid progress made in this field several new approaches in pharmacological and toxicological research have developed and drug discovery and drug development strategies have changed...article 2005
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Heijne, W.H.M. (author), Lamers, R.J.A.N. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), van Nesselrooij, J.H.J. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This study investigated whether integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics data increased the sensitivity of detection and provided new insight in the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. Metabolite levels in plasma or urine were analyzed in relation to changes in hepatic gene expression in rats that received bromobenzene to induce acute...article 2005
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Smeets, P.A.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), van Osch, M.J.P. (author), van der Grond, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The hypothalamus is intimately involved in the regulation of food intake, integrating multiple neural and hormonal signals. Several hypothalamic nuclei contain glucose-sensitive neurons, which play a crucial role in energy homeostasis. Although a few functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have indicated that glucose consumption has...article 2005
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Wang, M. (author), Lamers, R.J.A.N. (author), Korthout, H.A.A.J. (author), van Nesselrooij, J.H.J. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), van der Heijden, R. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Verpoorte, R. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The introduction of the concept of systems biology, enabling the study of living systems from a holistic perspective based on the profiling of a multitude of biochemical components, opens up a unique and novel opportunity to reinvestigate natural products. In the study of their bioactivity, the necessary reductionistic approach on single active...article 2005
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Kralj, S. (author), Stripling, E. (author), Sanders, P. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Lactobacillus reuteri strain ATCC 55730 (LB BIO) was isolated as a pure culture from a Reuteri tablet purchased from the BioGaia company. This probiotic strain produces a soluble glucan (reuteran), in which the majority of the linkages are of the alpha-(1→4) glucosidic type (∼70%). This reuteran also contains alpha-(1→6)-linked glucosyl units...article 2005
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), van Tijn, D.A. (author), de Vijlder, J.J.M. (author), Verbeeten Jr., B. (author), Verkerk, P.H. (author), Vulsma, T. (author)Due to the high frequency of concurrent pituitary hormone deficiencies, congenital hypothyroidism (CH) of central origin (CH-C) is a life-threatening disorder. Yet only a minority of these patients are detected by neonatal CH screening programs worldwide. We conducted a prospective multicenter study involving a 2-yr cohort of neonatally...article 2005
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TNO Industrie en Techniek (author), Hamelinck, R.F.M.M. (author), Rosielle, P.C.J.N. (author), Steinbuch, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author)The first prototype of an actuator for a new adaptive deformable mirror (DM) is presented together with the development of a 61-actuator grid element. The DM design consists of a thin membrane which acts as the correcting element. A grid of low voltage electro-magnetic push-pull actuators, impose out-of-plane displacements in the mirror's...conference paper 2005
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TNO Industrie en Techniek (author), van den Dool, T.C. (author), Kamphues, F.G. (author), Gielesen, W.L.M. (author), Dorrepaal, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author), Loix, N. (author), Verschueren, J.P. (author), Kooijman, P.P. (author), Visser, M. (author), Velsink, G. (author), Fleury, K. (author)TNO, in cooperation with Micromega-Dynamics, SRON, Dutch Space and CSL, has developed a compact breadboard cryogenic Optical Delay Line for use in future space interferometry missions. The work is performed under ESA contract in preparation for the DARWIN mission. The breadboard delay line is representative of a future flight mechanism, with all...conference paper 2005
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Llombart, N. (author), Neto, A. (author), Gerini, G. (author), de Maagt, P. (author)This paper deals with the design and the analysis of planar circularly symmetric (PCS) EBG structures. The analysis is concentrated on TM excitations. To obtain simple design rules for the PCS-EBG's, an equivalence is established between 2D-EBG's and PCS-EBG's. he dispersion equations are investigated first. The 2D problems are studied by means...conference paper 2004
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Meijboom, L.J. (author), Westerhof, B.E. (author), Nollen, G.J. (author), Spaan, J.A.E. (author), de Mol, B.A.J.M. (author), Jacobs, M.J.H.M. (author), Mulder, B.J.M. (author), TNO Biomedical Instrumentation (author)Objective: β-blocking therapy is the standard therapy in non-operated Marfan patients, however its efficacy after entire aortic replacement is unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the influence of (nearly) entire aortic replacement and β-blocking therapy on blood pressure and wave reflections in Marfan patients. Methods: Four Marfan...article 2004
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Davidov, E. (author), Clish, C.B. (author), Oresic, M. (author), Meys, M. (author), Stochaj, W. (author), Snell, P. (author), Lavine, G. (author), Londo, T.R. (author), Adourian, A. (author), Zhang, X. (author), Johnston, M. (author), Morel, N. (author), Marple, E.W. (author), Plasterer, T.N. (author), Neumann, E. (author), Verheij, E. (author), Vogels, J.T.W.E. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Naylor, S. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Multitiered quantitative analysis of biological systems is rapidly becoming the desired approach to study hierarchical functional interactions between proteins and metabolites. We describe here a novel systematic approach to analyze organisms with complex metabolic regulatory networks. By using precise analytical methods to measure biochemical...article 2004