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Köppen, M. (author), Hirsch, M. (author), Ernst, J. (author), Vliegenthart, W.A. (author), Ye, M.Y. (author), Bykov, V. (author), Schauer, F. (author)The stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is presently under construction at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik in Greifswald, Germany. The plasma density profile will be measured by two-colour interferometry where for each line of sight through the plasma the phase shifts of two far-infrared laser beams are compared. Due to the 3D shape of...article 2011
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von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Beerens, S.P. (author), Teters, T. (author), Karrels, J. (author), Don Carlos, J. (author)This paper addresses the localization of active sonar signals that are encountered in the international submarine community with the function of Acoustic Intercept Ranging. An Intercept ranging system was developed by ISL (USA) and TNO (The Netherlands), where ISL was responsible for the system design, the hardware and the integration and TNO...conference paper 2011
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van Triel, J.J. (author), van Bree, B.W.J. (author), Roberts, D.W. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Duistermaat, E. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author)Previously, a selection of low molecular weight contact and respiratory allergens had tested positive in both a skin and a respiratory local lymph node assay (LLNA), but formaldehyde was negative for sensitization by inhalation. To investigate whether this was due to intrinsic properties of aldehyde sensitizers, the structurally related allergen...article 2011
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Abhyankar, W. (author), Beek, A.T. (author), Dekker, H. (author), Kort, R. (author), Brul, S. (author), de Koster, C.G. (author)Species from the genus Bacillus have the ability to form endospores, dormant cellular forms that are able to survive heat and acid preservation techniques commonly used in the food industry. Resistance characteristics of spores towards various environmental stresses are in part attributed to their coat proteins. Previously, 70 proteins have been...article 2011
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de Baar, M.R. (author), Bongers, W.A. (author), van Berkel, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author), Hennen, B.A. (author), Nuij, P. (author), Oosterbeek, J.W. (author), Steinbuch, M. (author), Westerhof, E. (author), Witvoet, G. (author)Resistive magneto-hydrodynamic instabilities are expected to limit the performance of nuclear fusion reactors. Prime examples are the sawtooth instability and the neoclassical tearing modes. The sawtooth instability will affect the refueling of the plasma core and the fast particle concentration. In reactor relevant conditions, the sawtooth can...conference paper 2011
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Schaafsma, G. (author), Hertsenberg, A.J. (author), Marquart, J. (author)Within the framework of REACH, an assessment regarding local dermal effects and skin sensitisation should be performed for substances. Quantitative hazard information for these effects is often not available. Furthermore, it is difficult to relate the way in which animals are exposed in dermal toxicity studies directly to dermal exposure in...article 2011
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Sijs, J. (author), Lazar, M. (author)This article presents a practical assessment of the recently developed state fusion method ellipsoidal intersection and focusses on distributed state estimation in sensor networks. It was already proven that this fusion method combines strong fundamental properties with attractive features in accuracy and computational requirements. However,...conference paper 2011
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Keuken, M. (author), van der Denier Gon, H. (author), van der Valk, K. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)From research on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> in 2007/2008 in the Netherlands, it was concluded that the coarse fraction (PM<sub>2.5-10</sub>) attributed 60% and 50% respectively, to the urban-regional and street-urban increments of PM<sub>10</sub>. Contrary to Scandinavian and Mediterranean countries which exhibit significant seasonal...article 2010
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Maljaars, J. (author), Soetens, F. (author), Snijder, H.H. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Design models for local buckling of fire-exposed aluminum sections are currently lacking. Based on analyses with validated finite-element models, this paper investigates local buckling of extruded sections with stress-strain relationships representative for fire-exposed aluminum alloys. Due to the fact that these stress-strain relationships are...article 2010
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Kregting, R. (author), Gielen, A.W.J. (author), van Driel, W. (author), Alkemade, P. (author), Miro, H. (author), Kamminga, J.-D. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)Intrinsic stresses in bondpads may lead to early failure of IC's. In order to determine the intrinsic stresses in semiconductor structures, a new procedure is set up. This procedure is a combined experimental/numerical approach which consists of the following steps: First, a conductive gold layer (20 nm thickness) is deposited on the power line...conference paper 2010
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Tremolada, F. (author), Guasti, E. (author), Scardia, G. (author), Carcano, C. (author), Rogledi, S. (author), Sciunnach, D. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Calcareous nannofossil and foraminiferal analyses have been carried out on outcrops from the type-area of the Gonfolite Lombarda Group (Como, northern Italy). In these marine fine- to coarse-grained elastics, rapidly accumulating at the southern front of the uprising Alpine range during the Oligo-Miocene, a scarce, but reliable, sequence of...article 2010
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Nakiboglu, G. (author), Belfroid, S.P.C. (author), Willems, J.F.H. (author), Hirschberg, A. (author)Whistling behavior of two geometrically periodic systems are investigated: corrugated pipes and a multiple side branch system. In both systems frequency (Helmholtz number) is a non-decreasing piecewise constant function of the Mach number, whose increase on average is approximately linear. The plateaus, lock-in frequencies, of this piecewise...article 2010
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de Kraker, A. (author), van Ostayen, R.A.J. (author), Rixen, D.J. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)The application of textured bearing surfaces results in a more complex lubricant flow pattern compared to smooth bearing surfaces. In order to capture the more complex flow pattern and possible inertia effects in the vicinity of the surface pockets, the NavierStokes equations should be used to model the flow between textured surfaces instead of...article 2010
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Esteban, I. (author), Booij, O. (author), Dijk, J. (author), Groen, F. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)During Simultaneous Localization And Mapping, geometrical constraints are established between map features. These constraints, introduced through measurements and motion prediction, produce a bending effect in the event of closing a large loop. In this paper we present a discussion of the bending problem for trajectory based representations....conference paper 2010
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Vidojkovic, M. (author), Rampu, S. (author), Imamura, K. (author), Harpe, P. (author), Dolmans, G. (author), de Groot, H. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)This paper presents an ultra low power super-regenerative RF front-end for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications. The RF front-end operates in the 2.36-2.4 GHz medical BAN and 2.4-2.485 GHz ISM bands, and consumes 500 μW. It supports OOK modulation at high data rates ranging from 1-5 Mbps. It achieves a sensitivity of -67 dBm at a BER...conference paper 2010
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TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author), Maljaars, J. (author), Twilt, L. (author), Fellinger, J.H.H. (author), Snijder, H.H. (author), Soetens, F. (author)This paper gives an overview of the structural behaviour and design of aluminium structures exposed to fire conditions. Two design approaches are elaborated: the "traditional" approach that is mainly based on conventions and the fire safety engineering approach that is more based on physics. For the traditional approach, equations for the...article 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Toet, A. (author), Hogervorst, M.A. (author), Dijk, J. (author), van Son, R. (author)We present the design and first field trial results of the all-day all-weather INVIS Integrated Night Vision surveillance and observation System. The INVIS augments a dynamic three-band false-color nightvision image with synthetic 3D imagery in a real-time display. The night vision sensor suite consists of three cameras, respectively sensitive...conference paper 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Veraar, R.G. (author), Mayer, A.E.H.J. (author), Verreault, J. (author), Stowe, R.A. (author), Farinaccio, R. (author), Harris, P.G. (author)By injecting and mixing the fuel upstream of the combustor and initiating the combustion of the fuel-air mixture by a shock wave in the combustor, shock-induced combustion ramjets offer the potential to drastically reduce the length and mass of scramjet propulsion systems. Based on extensive numerical gas dynamic and thermo-mechanical analysis,...conference paper 2010
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Wang, T. (author), Leus, G. (author), Neirynck, D. (author), Shu, F. (author), Huang, L. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)We address ranging energy optimization for an unsynchronized localization system, which features robust sensor positioning, in the sense that specific accuracy requirements are fulfilled within a prescribed service area. Optimization problems related to the ranging energy of a sensor and beacons are proposed, after which a practical algorithm...conference paper 2009
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de Vries, S.C. (author), van Erp, J.B.F. (author), Kiefer, R.J. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This laboratory study examined the possibility of using a car seat instrumented with tactile display elements (tactors) to communicate directional information to a driver. A car seat fitted with an 8 by 8 matrix of tactors embedded in the seat pan was used to code eight different directions.Localization performance (speed and accuracy) was...article 2009