An overview of Roman dimension stones in the Netherlands

A concise overview is given of Roman use of local and imported dimension stones in the Netherlands. Local stones include Cretaceous Maastricht and Kunrade limestone from the south of the Dutch province of Limburg, Carboniferous sandstone from the Limburg-Aachen-Liège area and Miocene Nivelstein sandstone from Herzogenrath, just east of the...

Lessons from larger than expected subsidence due to production of halite and natural gas in Fryslân

Understanding the transport of nanolime consolidants within Maastricht limestone

tNovel nanomaterials, such as nanosilica or nano-titanium oxide, have been developed in the last decadefor the conservation of the built heritage. Among nanomaterials, nanolimes have acquired a considerablerelevance due to their potentialities as consolidant product. The so-called nanolimes, colloidal disper-sions of calcium hydroxide...

Nanolime deposition in Maastricht limestone: Back-migration or accumulation at the absorption surface

The development of nanomaterials is growing exponentially in the last decade. New discoveries and their applications have taken place in different fields, such as electronics, chemistry, biology and physics. Some innovative nanoproducts have become available also for the conservation of cultural heritage (e.g. nano-Ca(OH)2, nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2,...

Self-healing behavior of strain hardening cementitious composites incorporating local waste materials

The self-healing behavior of a series of pre-cracked fiber reinforced strain hardening cementitious composites incorporating blast furnace slag (BFS) and limestone powder (LP) with relatively high water/binder ratio is investigated in this paper, focusing on the recovery of its deflection capacity. Four-point bending tests are used to precrack...

Assessment of the state of conservation of a Middle Neolithic flint mine in Maastricht limestone

Upper Cretaceous Maastricht limestone (‘mergel’) outcrops in the provinces of Dutch and Belgian Limburg. The Upper Cretaceous in the Netherlands consists of the geological Maastricht Formation and the upper part of the Gulpen Formation. Limestones from the Maastricht Formation represent one of the few native Dutch natural stones used for...

Building stones from a muddy delta: Native natural stone from The Netherlands

Most of the Netherlands a Quaternary delta, local supplies of natural stone suitable for building are rare. These include: Quaternary bog iron ores used in early medieval times (until c. 1200); erratics, deposited in boulder clay during the Saalian ice age in the northern Netherlands and gravel from the river Meuse; Miocene lithified siliceous...

Building stones from a muddy delta: Native natural stone from The Netherlands

Maastricht limestone: A regionally significant building stone in Belgium and The Netherlands. Extremely weak, yet time-resistant (Abstract only)

Construction raw materials policy and supply practices in Northwestern Europe

The present contribution is an inventory of the construction raw materials policy and supply practices in The Netherlands, Belgium, North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Great Britain, Norway and Denmark. The work has been commissioned by the Dutch government in order to benchmark its domestic provision and the governing mineral planning policy....

Lithofacies and petrophysical properties of Portland Base Bed and Portland Whit Bed limestone as related to durability

This study focuses on the differences in lithofacies and petrophysical properties of Base Bed and Whit Bed Portland limestone and the presumed relationships between these characteristics and the durability of this building stone. As Portland limestone probably will be used as a stone for several restoration projects in the Netherlands in the...