Ship detection with Envisat's alternating polarization mode

A ship detection algorithm is developed that uses Envisat ASAR imagery in alternating polarisation mode. From airborne data it is shown that of the two co-polarisations, HH is preferred over VV because of a larger ship-to-clutter ratio. Combining the HH and HV images of alternating polarisation mode, it is found that the correlation between the...

DARE: Dedicated Aerosols Retrieval Experiment

At present there is an increasing interest in remote sensing of aerosols from space because of the large impact of aerosols on climate, earth observation and health. TNO has performed a study aimed at improving aerosol characterisation using a space based instrument and state-of-the-art aerosol retrieval algorithms, based on requirements for up...

Surface mine signature modeling for passive polarimetric IR

A specular model has been used to predict the passive polarimetric infrared (IR) signature of surface-laid landmines. The signature depends on the temperature of the landmine and the sky radiance. The temperature of the landmine is measured using a thermocouple. The signature itself is measured using a polarimetric IR camera setup. The...

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based glucose biosensors

Amperometric biosensors for the recognition of glucose oxidase (GOx) based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were fabricated for the first time. The resulting biosensor has potential applications for long-term glucose measurements.

Infrared polarisation measurements of targets and backgrounds in a marine environment

The infrared (IR) radiation emitted or reflected in an off-normal direction from a smooth surface is partially polarised. This principle can be used for enhanced discrimination of targets from backgrounds in a marine environment. It has been shown that (man-made) targets do not demonstrate a pronounced polarisation effect when observed from near...

Infrared polarisation measurements of surface and buried anti-personnel landmines

Linear polarisation of Thermal InfraRed (TIR) radiation occurs whenever radiation is reflected or emitted from a smooth surface (such as the top of a landmine) and observed from a grazing angle. The background (soil and vegetation) is generally much rougher and therefore has less pronounced linear polarised radiation. This difference in...

Application of fiber optic interferometers for Cook-off measurements

A fiber optic interferometer comprising of a Sagnac interferometer and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer was developed. The interferometer enabled detection of explosive subtonic expansion velocities during the Cook-off test. The system enabled a comparison between the results of the two interferometer systems caused by the application of two...

Usage of polarisation features of landmines for improved automatic detection

In this paper the landmine detection performance of an infrared and a visual light camera both equipped with a polarisation filter are compared with the detection performance of these cameras without polarisation filters. Sequences of images have been recorded with in front of these cameras a rotating polarisation filter. Due to optical...

Calibration of the SCIAMACHY instrument on the ESA-ENVISAT satellite

This document describes the calibration and performance of the SCIAMACHY instrument, to be launched on ESA-ENVISAT in 2000, after the main on-ground calibration and performance verification phases. A number of calibration and performance parameters will be discussed and results will be shown.

Short-Pulse, Eye-Safe Nd:YAG Laser Using Cavity-Dumping

A short-pulse 1.444-µm laser based on Nd:YAG