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Maas, W.J.M. (author), Leeman, W.R. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Precision-cut liver slices are frequently used to study hepatic toxicity and metabolism of xenobiotics in vitro. Successful cryopreservation techniques will enhance an efficient and economic use of scarcely available (human) liver tissue. For primary hepatocytes, slow freezing has been accepted as the best approach towards successful...article 2000
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van der Wielen, P.W.J.J. (author), Biesterveld, S. (author), Notermans, S. (author), Hofstra, H. (author), Urlings, B.A.P. (author), van Knapen, F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)It is known that volatile fatty acids can inhibit growth of species of the family Enterobacteriaceae in vitro. However, whether these volatile fatty acids affect bacterial populations in the ceca of chickens is unknown. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate if changes in volatile fatty acids in ceca of broiler chickens during growth...article 2000
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Maas, W.J.M. (author), de Graaf, I.A.M. (author), Schoen, E.D. (author), Koster, H.J. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A number of studies on the cryopreservation of precision-cut liver slices using various techniques have been reported. However, the identification of important factors that determine cell viability following cryopreservation is difficult because of large differences between the various methods published. The aim of this study was to evaluate...article 2000
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Graaf, I.A.M. (author), Tajima, O. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and cell proliferation were studied in control and 1,1'-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2,-trichloroethane (DDT) treated precision-cut liver slices of rat by evaluating connexin 32 (Cx32) expression and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. In addition, the effect of different culture media (RPMI...article 2000
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Hempenius, R.A. (author), Lina, B.A.R. (author), Haggitt, R.C. (author)Arachidonic acid oil (ARA-oil) derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina for use in infant nutrition was tested in a subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study in rats, preceded by an in utero exposure phase. The ARA-oil was administered as admixture to the rodent diet at dose levels of 3000 ppm, 15,000 ppm and 75,000 ppm. An additional high-dose...article 2000
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Clary, J.J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), van Velthuijsen, J.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Lactate eaters have an oral LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg and the inhalation LC50 is generally above 5000 mg/m3 and they may be potential eye and skin irritants, but not skin sensitizers. No evidence of teratogenicity or maternal toxicity was observed in an inhalation (2-ethylhexyl-L-lactate) or dermal study (ethyl-L-lactate). Subacute inhalation...article 1998
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Bowmer, C.T. (author), Hooftman, R.N. (author), Hanstveit, A.O. (author), Venderbosch, P.W.M. (author), van der Hoeven, N. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)The ecotoxicity of lactic acid, its alkyl esters and selected metal salts was studied experimentally with the micro alga Selenastrum capricornutum, the crustacean Daphnia magna and the fish species Brachydanio rerio and Pimephales promelas. In addition, the biodegradation of lactate esters was also studied. The aim of the study was to provide...article 1998
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Boshuizen, H.C. (author), Verkerk, P.H. (author), Reerink, J.D. (author), Herngreen, W.P. (author), Zaadstra, B.M. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)A recent article by Little et al. (Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:544-54) reported that infants in Seattle, Washington, who were breastfed by mothers who smoked gained more weight than either infants who were breastfed by mothers who did not smoke or infants who were bottle-fed by mothers who smoked. In this study, the authors aimed to verify this...article 1998
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Duizer, E. (author), van der Wulp, C. (author), Versantvoort, C.H.M. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Palmitoyl carnitine chloride (PCC) has been shown to be an effective enhancer of intestinal transport of hydrophilic molecules. The exact mechanism by which the epithelial barrier function is decreased is not clear. In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of action of PCC, we studied the relationship among absorption enhancement, cell viability...article 1998
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Schaafsma, G. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Chemicals/CAS: Calcium, 7440-70-2; Magnesium, 7439-95-4article 1997
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Comparison of five incubation systems for rat liver slices using functional and viability parametersOlinga, P. (author), Groen, K. (author), Hof, I.H. (author), de Kanter, R. (author), Koster, H.J. (author), Leeman, W.R. (author), Rutten, A.A.J.J.L. (author), van Twillert, K. (author), Groothuis, G.M.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Precision-cut liver slices are presently used for various research objects, e.g. to study metabolism, transport, and toxicity of xenobiotics. Various incubation systems are presently employed, but a systematic comparison between these incubation systems with respect to preservation of slice function has not been performed yet. Therefore, we...article 1997
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Schultze, A.E. (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Roth, R.A. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)The monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP)-treated rat is a useful model for the study of certain chronic pulmonary vascular diseases. A single, i.v. administration of a low dose of MCTP causes pneumotoxicity, pulmonary vascular remodeling, sustained increases in pulmonary arterial pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy in rats. The pulmonary...article 1996
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Houtsma, P.C. (author), Kant-Muermans, M.L. (author), Rombouts, F.M. (author), Zwietering, M.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A modified Monod equation was successfully applied in describe the maximum specific growth rate of Listeria innocua in a broth model in the presence of various concentrations of sodium lactate or NaCl. The combined effects of temperature and pH were assessed by translating the parameters of the modified Monod equation ({m), α, and p') as...article 1996
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Gee, J.M. (author), Wortley, G.M. (author), Johnson, I.T. (author), Price, K.R. (author), Rutten, A.A.J.J.L. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The effects of potato and tomato glycoalkaloids and a saponin mixture from Gypsophila were investigated in cytotoxicity studies (neutral red uptake, mitochondrial MTT reduction and release of lactate dehydrogenase), using cultured cell lines of rat and human intestinal mucosal epithelium. Experiments to assess the effects of these compounds on...article 1996
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Le Jeune, C. (author), Lonvaud-Funel, A. (author), ten Brink, B. (author), Hofstra, H. (author), van der Vossen, J.M.B.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)On the basis of the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the histidine decarboxylase genes (hdcA) of Lactobacillus 30A and Clostridium perfringens and the amino acid sequences of these histidine decarboxylases and those of Lactobacillus buchneri and Micrococcus, oligonucleotides unique to the hdcA genes were synthesized and used in PCR. All...article 1995
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Mol, M.A.E. (author), de Vries-Van de Ruit, A.M.B.C. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)The concentration- and time-dependent effects of sulphur mustard on cultured human epidermal keratinocyte function were investigated with respect to cell proliferation, DNA and protein synthesis, the level of NAD+ and ATP, and the intracellular activity of lactate dehydrogenase. If human epidermal keratinocytes were stimulated to proliferate by...article 1992
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de Lange, J. (author), van Eck, P. (author), Elliott, G.R. (author), de Kort, W.L.A.M. (author), Wolthuis, O.L. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)To overcome most of the disadvantages of current models to investigate percutaneous penetration of drugs or toxic substances, a model is proposed here based on the isolated pig ear, which is obtained at the slaughterhouse, and perfused with oxygenated blood from the same pig. To determine the viability of the preparations, we measured glucose...article 1992
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Schutte, J.B. (author), de Jong, J. (author), van Weerden, E.J. (author), Tamminga, S. (author)The pentose sugar L-arabinose is one of the most abundant components released by complete hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides of feed ingredients of vegetable origin. Two studies were conducted to investigate the apparent ileal digestibility and urinary excretion of L-arabinose at dietary inclusion levels of 50 and 100 g/kg, and 25, 50, 75...article 1992
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Kwekkeboom, J. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), van Voorthuizen, E.M. (author), Kempen, H.J.M. (author)Activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.17) in freshly isolated hepatocytes from unweaned piglets (2 to 3 weeks old) was 16-times lower as compared to hepatocytes from weaned piglets (7 to 8 weeks old). The monolayer culture activity remained low in unweaned piglet hepatocytes. In contrast, in cultured hepatocytes from weaned piglets,...article 1990
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Hooftman, R.N. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Appelman, L.M. (author), Hoofdgroep Maatschappelijke Technologie TNO (author)The sensitivity of different parameters for the determination of lung injury caused by nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was investigated. Male rats were exposed to concentrations of 0, 4, 10 or 25 ppm NO2 for 6 h/day, for 7, 14 or 21 days. Histopathology of the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea and lungs was compared with the changes in macrophage function...article 1988