Detection of single-strand breaks and base damage in DNA of human white blood cells as a tool for biological dosimetry of exposure to ionizing radiation

An immunochemical assay has been adapted to detect DNA damage in whole blood at biologically relevant doses of ionizing radiation. Upon alkaline treatment of whole blood, both strand breaks and base damage (which is converted into strand breaks by the addition of damage-specific enzymes) are detected by using antibodies that specifically bind to...

Low doses of UVB or UVA induce chromosomal aberrations in cultured human skin cells

Chromosomal defects are frequently present in malignant and premalignant skin disorders; however, it is not known whether ultraviolet radiation from sunlight plays a role in their induction. To obtain information on the ability of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B to induce chromosomal aberrations, cultured melanocytes and fibroblasts were exposed...

Quantitative detection of DNA damage in cells after exposure to ionizing radiation by means of an improved immunochemical assay

A simple, sensitive and fast immunochemical method has been developed to quantify the amount of DNA damage in cells of human blood after in vitro exposure to ionizing radiation. The technique is based on the enhancement of the radiation-induced single-strandedness, which occurs in DNA regions flanking strand breaks, by a controlled further...

Influence of the radiosensitizers paranitroacetophenone and triacetoneamine N oxyl on the effects of ionizing radiation on DNA

Paranitroacetophenone (PNAP) and triacetoneamine N oxyl (TAN), which sensitize anoxic cells to ionizing radiation, do not increase the radiosensitivity of bacteriophage DNA irradiated in the dry state, showing that the 'direct action model' of sensitization does not hold in this experimental set up. PNAP and TAN added within 1.5 msec after...