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Rashid, M.U. (author), Zaura, E. (author), Buijs, M.J. (author), Keijser, B.J.F. (author), Crielaard, W. (author), Nord, C.E. (author), Weintraub, A. (author)The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily for 10 days) or clindamycin (150 mg 4 times daily for 10 days) on the fecal microbiota of healthy humans for a period of 1 year as compared to placebo. Two different methods, culture and microbiome analysis, were used. Fecal samples were collected for analyses...article 2015
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Walczak, A.P. (author), Hendriksen, P.J.M. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), van der Zande, M. (author), Undas, A.K. (author), Helsdingen, R. (author), van den Berg, H.H.J. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Bouwmeester, H. (author)The likelihood of oral exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) is increasing, and it is necessary to evaluate the oral bioavailability of NPs. In vitro approaches could help reducing animal studies, but validation against in vivo studies is essential. Previously, we assessed the translocation of 50 nm polystyrene NPs of different charges (neutral,...article 2015
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Sybesma, W. (author), Kort, R. (author), Lee, Y.K. (author)We describe factors promoting the exploration of locally sourced probiotics, targeting local populations to balance human needs and market opportunities. This would be particularly beneficial for people in developing countries, who generally lack access to affordable probiotics and are often exposed to poor hygiene conditions, toxic compounds,...article 2015
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Mariman, R. (author), Tielen, F. (author), Koning, F. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author)Background: Probiotic bacteria may render mice resistant to the development of various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Objective: This study aimed to identify mechanisms by which probiotic bacteria may influence intestinal immune homeostasis in noninflammatory conditions. Methods: The effect of VSL#3, a mixture of 8 probiotic bacteria, on...article 2015
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Minekus, M. (author)The TNO Gastro–Intestinal Model (TIM) is a multi–compartmental model, designed to realistically simulate conditions in the lumen of the gastro–intestinal tract. TIM is successfully used to study the gastro–intestinal behavior of a wide variety of feed, food and pharmaceutical products. Experiments in TIM are based on a computer simulation of the...bookPart 2015
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Minihane, A.M. (author), Vinoy, S. (author), Russell, W.R. (author), Baka, A. (author), Roche, H.M. (author), Tuohy, K.M. (author), Teeling, J.L. (author), Blaak, E.E. (author), Fenech, M. (author), Vauzour, D. (author), McArdle, H.J. (author), Kremer, B.H.A. (author), Sterkman, L. (author), Vafeiadou, K. (author), Benedetti, M.M. (author), Williams, C.M. (author), Calder, P.C. (author)The importance of chronic low-grade inflammation in the pathology of numerous age-related chronic conditions is now clear. An unresolved inflammatory response is likely to be involved from the early stages of disease development. The present position paper is the most recent in a series produced by the International Life Sciences Institute's...article 2015
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- Erpelinck, E. (author) other 2015
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Aguirre, M. (author), Ramiro-Garcia, J. (author), Koenen, M.E. (author), Venema, K. (author)This study investigated the stability and the activity of the microbiota from a single and a pool of donors in the TNO in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2 system). Our findings demonstrate the suitability of the preparation of a pool of fecal sample to be used for fermentation experiments. Chemicals/CAS: isobutyric acid, 5711-69-3, 79-31-2;...article 2014
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Ladirat, S.E. (author), Schols, H.A. (author), Nauta, A. (author), Schoterman, M.H.C. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), Gruppen, H. (author)In order to elaborate on the impact of amoxicillin treatment on the in vitro fermentation of specific structures of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), GOS was fractionated based on its degree of polymerization (DP) and the fermentation of individual DPs was studied. Different DP fractions of GOS and different isomeric structure within a DP fraction...article 2014
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Vogt, L.M. (author), Meyer, D. (author), Pullens, G. (author), Faas, M.M. (author), Venema, K. (author), Ramasamy, U. (author), Schols, H.A. (author), de Vos, P. (author)Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain...article 2014
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Lukovac, S. (author), Belzer, C. (author), Pellis, L. (author), Keijser, B.J. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author), Montijn, R.C. (author), Roeselers, G. (author)The gut microbiota is essential for numerous aspects of human health. However, the underlying mechanisms of many host-microbiota interactions remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize effects of the microbiota on host epithelium using a novel ex vivo model based on mouse ileal organoids. We have explored the transcriptional...article 2014
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Minekus, M. (author), Alminger, M. (author), Alvito, P. (author), Ballance, S. (author), Bohn, T. (author), Bourlieu, C. (author), Carrière, F. (author), Boutrou, R. (author), Corredig, M. (author), Dupont, D. (author), Dufour, C. (author), Egger, L. (author), Golding, M. (author), Karakaya, S. (author), Kirkhus, B. (author), Le Feunteun, S. (author), Lesmes, U. (author), MacIerzanka, A. (author), MacKie, A. (author), Marze, S. (author), McClements, D.J. (author), Ménard, O. (author), Recio, I. (author), Santos, C.N. (author), Singh, R.P. (author), Vegarud, G.E. (author), Wickham, M.S.J. (author), Weitschies, W. (author), Brodkorb, A. (author)Simulated gastro-intestinal digestion is widely employed in many fields of food and nutritional sciences, as conducting human trials are often costly, resource intensive, and ethically disputable. As a consequence, in vitro alternatives that determine endpoints such as the bioaccessibility of nutrients and non-nutrients or the digestibility of...article 2014
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Westerhout, J. (author), van de Steeg, E. (author), Grossouw, D. (author), Zeijdner, E.E. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Verwei, M. (author), Wortelboer, H.M. (author)A reliable prediction of the oral bioavailability in humans is crucial and of high interest for pharmaceutical and food industry. The predictive value of currently used in silico methods, in vitro cell lines, ex vivo intestinal tissue and/or in vivo animal studies for human intestinal absorption, however, is often insufficient, especially when...article 2014
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Akhnikh, S. (author), Engelberts, A.C. (author), van Sleuwen, B.E. (author), L’ Hoir, M.P. (author), Benninga, M.A. (author)Excessive crying, often described as infantile colic, is the cause of 10% to 20% of all early pediatrician visits of infants aged 2 weeks to 3 months. Although usually benign and selflimiting, excessive crying is associated with parental exhaustion and stress. However, and underlying organic cause is found in less than 5% of these infants. In...article 2014
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Ripken, D. (author), van der Wielen, N. (author), Wortelboer, H.M. (author), Meijerink, J. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author)Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) are hormones important for satiation and are involved in the process called “ileal brake”. The aim of this study was to investigate the GLP-1- and PYY-stimulating efficacy of rebaudioside A, casein, and sucrose. This was studied using tissue segments collected from various regions of the pig...article 2014
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de Oliveira, J.E. (author), van der Hoeven-Hangoor, E. (author), van de Linde, I.B. (author), Montijn, R.C. (author), van der Vossen, J.M.B.M. (author)The feasibility of establishing probiotic bacteria in the intestine of broiler chickens by in ovo inoculation was investigated, followed by verifying possible subsequent protection against Salmonella Enteriditis infection. In a first study, 7 commercially available probiotics were screened for compatibility with in ovo inoculation. Two of these...article 2014
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Ladirat, S.E. (author), Schoterman, M.H.C. (author), Rahaoui, H. (author), Mars, M. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), Nauta, A. (author), Schols, H.A. (author)In the present double-blind, randomised, parallel intervention study, the effects of the intake of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on the gut microbiota of twelve healthy adult subjects (aged 18-45 years with a normal BMI (18-25 kg/m2)) receiving amoxicillin (AMX) treatment were determined. All the subjects were treated with AMX (375 mg; three...article 2014
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Belzer, C. (author), Gerber, G.K. (author), Roeselers, G. (author), Delaney, M. (author), DuBois, A. (author), Liu, Q. (author), Belavusava, V. (author), Yeliseyev, V. (author), Houseman, A. (author), Onderdonk, A. (author), Cavanaugh, C. (author), Bry, L. (author)Longitudinal studies of the microbiota are important for discovering changes in microbial communities that affect the host. The complexity of these ecosystems requires rigorous integrated experimental and computational methods to identify temporal signatures that promote physiologic or pathophysiologic responses in vivo. Employing a murine model...article 2014
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Reimer, R.A. (author), Maathuis, A.J.H. (author), Venema, K. (author), Lyon, M.R. (author), Gahler, R.J. (author), Wood, S. (author)Many of the health benefits associated with dietary fiber are attributed to their fermentation by microbiota and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA). The aim of this study was to investigate the fermentability of the functional fiber PolyGlyopleX® (PGX®) in vitro. A validated dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro system simulating the...article 2014
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Aguirre, M. (author), Jonkers, D.M.A.E. (author), Troost, F.J. (author), Roeselers, G. (author), Venema, K. (author)The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of galacto-oligosaccharides, lactulose, apple fiber and sugar beet pectin on the composition and activity of human colonic microbiota of lean and obese healthy subjects using an in vitro model of the proximal colon: TIM-2. Substrate fermentation was assessed by measuring the production of short...article 2014