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Harmsma, P. (author), Staats, J.P. (author), Lo Cascio, D.M.R. (author), Cheng, L.K. (author)The wavelength of a narrow-band optical signal can be accurately tracked by means of an interferometer having a fixed path length difference. For example, a low-cost Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) interrogation system which tracks the FBG reflection wavelength over time can be based on such an interferometer. Alternatively, an interferometer is...conference paper 2011
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Hagen, R. (author), Pozo Torres, J.M. (author), Kazmierczak, A. (author), Westerveld, W.J. (author), Harmsma, P.J. (author), van den Berg, J.H. (author), Schmits, R. (author), Yousefi, M. (author), Cabezon, M. (author), Villafranca, A. (author), Izquierdo, D. (author), Garces, J.I. (author)One of the important issues of System-on-a-package integration is the interconnection between independent Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs). In this work, this issue is addressed by the use of Vertical Grating Couplers (VGCs) as the element for the interconnection between two Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) PICs. Theoretical simulations using the...conference paper 2011
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Pozo Torres, J.M. (author), Westerveld, W. (author), Harmsma, P.J. (author), Yang, S. (author), Bodis, P. (author), Nieuwland, R. (author), Lagioia, M. (author), Lo Cascio, D.M.R. (author), Staats, J. (author), Schmits, R. (author), Berg, H.V.D. (author), Tabak, E. (author), Green, K. (author), Urbach, H.P. (author), Cheng, L.K. (author), Yousefi, M. (author)In this paper, we present two examples of photonic sensors based on ring resonators in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) waveguide technology as mass production compatible sensing units for the measurement of: strain, and ultrasound. Furthermore, the sensing units are characterized in extreme conditions to validate their robustness in harsh industrial...conference paper 2011
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Adan, O.C.G. (author), Samson, R.A. (author)The mere facts that some 25% of social housing (i.e. more than 14 million units) in the 27 member states of the European Union is suffering from dampness and molds (Bonnefoy et al. 2003) and that approximately 4.6 million of current US asthma cases are estimated to be attributable to dampness and molds exposure (Mudarri and Fisk 2007) underline...bookPart 2011
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Clairbois, J.-P. (author), de Roo, F. (author), Garai, M. (author), Conter, M. (author), Defrance, J. (author), Oltean-Dumbrava, C. (author), Fusco, I. (author)Since the early 80's, one models noise propagation, in the early 90's one started to standardize how to measure the intrinsic characteristics of manufactured noise barriers: in 1997, the EU funded ADRIENNE research ([1] and [2]) was a first step, but many problems still remained. Since years, all the noise propagation software are still modeling...conference paper 2010
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Nguyen, M.D. (author), Nazeer, H. (author), Karakaya, K. (author), Pham, S.V. (author), Steenwelle, R. (author), Dekkers, M. (author), Abelmann, L. (author), Blank, D.H.A. (author), Rijnders, G. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)This paper reports on the piezoelectric-microelectromechanical system micro-fabrication process and the behavior of piezoelectric stacks actuated silicon cantilevers. All oxide layers in the piezoelectric stacks, such as buffer-layer/bottom-electrode/film/top-electrode: YSZ/SrRuO\3/Pb(Zr, Ti)\3/SrRuO\3, were grown epitaxially on the Si template...article 2010
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Debucquoy, M. (author), Rockelé, M. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author), Heremans, P. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)In this work, we study charge trapping in organic transistor memories with a polymeric insulator as gate dielectric. We found that the mechanism of charge trapping is tunneling from the semiconductor channel into the gate dielectric. Depending on the semiconductor and its processing, charge trapping can result in large bi-directional threshold...article 2009
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Vangkilde-Pedersen, T. (author), Anthonsen, K.L. (author), Smith, N. (author), Kirk, K. (author), Neele, F. (author), van der Meer, B. (author), le Le Gallo, Y. (author), Bossie-Codreanu, D. (author), Wojcicki, A. (author), le Nindre, Y.-M. (author), Hendriks, C. (author), Dalhoff, F. (author), Peter Christensen, N. (author), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Oester Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark British Geological Survey (BGS), Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, United Kingdom TNO Built Environment and Geosciences, P.O. Box 80015, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands Institut Franc ̌ais du Pétrole (IFP), 1 and, 4 avenue Bois-Preau, 2852 Rueil-Malmaison, Cedex, France PBG Geophysical Exploration Company Limited, 76 Jagiellonska, 03-301 Warszawa, Poland Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 avenue Claude-Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France Ecofys, P.O. Box 8408, NL-3503 RK Utrecht, Netherlands Vattenfall A/S, Generation Nordic-Thermal Power, Stoeberigade 14, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark (author)The focus of the GeoCapacity project is GIS mapping of CO2 point sources, infrastructure and geological storage in Europe. The main objective is to assess the European capacity for geological storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers, oil and gas structures and coal beds. Other priorities are further development of methods for capacity assessment,...article 2009
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Kong, H. (author), Wang, M. (author), Venema, K. (author), Maathuis, A. (author), van der Heijden, R. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Xu, G. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (HPLC-FTICR-MS) method was developed to investigate the metabolism of ginsenosides in in vitro models of the gastro-intestinal tract. The metabolites were identified by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Degradation and...article 2009
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Galanti, F.M.B. (author), Koopman, A. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Vibration insulation of buildings is often achieved by introducing springs in the foundation. It can be a very effective measure, especially against vibration induced noise, but also a very costly one. There is a need for less costly measures which, although less effective, may achieve the required vibration reduction. For a specific case such...conference paper 2009
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Stokking, H.M. (author), den Hartog, F.T.H. (author), Walraven, F.A. (author), TNO Informatie- en Communicatietechnologie (author)The dynamic provisioning of SIP addresses is a challenge when many devices and services are dynamically attached to an IMS network. Manual provisioning is too labor intensive for a telecommunications operator, and it is difficult to do it in a way that allows those devices and services access to all functionality of the IMS architecture. This...conference paper 2009
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Bröde, P. (author), Havenith, G. (author), Wang, X. (author), Candas, V. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Griefahn, B. (author), Holmér, I. (author), Kuklane, K. (author), Meinander, H. (author), Nocker, W. (author), Richards, M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)In order to assess the non-evaporative components of the reduced thermal insulation of wet clothing, experiments were performed with a manikin and with human subjects in which two layers of underwear separated by an impermeable barrier were worn under an impermeable overgarment at 20°C, 80% RH and 0.5 ms-1 air velocity. By comparing manikin...article 2008
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Ooms, W.S. (author), Karagiannis, G. (author), van Deventer, M.O. (author), Veldhuizen, J. (author), TNO Informatie- en Communicatietechnologie (author)There is a group of communication services that use resources from multiple domains in order to deliver their service. Authorization of the end-user is important for such services, because several domains are involved. There are no current solutions for delivering authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) to multi-domain services. In...conference paper 2007
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Havenith, G. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Data on metabolic rates (n = 0;81) and clothing insulation (n = 96) of school children and adolescents (A, primary school: age 9-10; B, primary school: age 10-11 year; C, junior vocational (technical) education: age 13-16 (lower level); D, same as C but at advanced level; and E, senior vocational (technical) education, advanced level: age 16-18)...article 2007
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Gerretsen, E. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)The best approach to include lightweight building elements in prediction models for airborne and impact sound insulation between rooms, as in EN 12354, is not yet completely clear. Two aspects are at least of importance, i.e. to derive the sound reduction index R for lightweight elements for resonant vibrations only and the appropriate method to...conference paper 2007
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Krakers, L.A. (author), van Tooren, M.J.L. (author), Beukers, A. (author), Berkhof, A.P. (author), de Goeje, M.P. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)To achieve comfortable noise levels inside the passenger cabin, sound damping measures have to be taken to improve the sound insulation properties of the bare airframe. Usually the sound insulation requirements of a passenger cabin are met after the mechanical design of the fuselage structure is already finished, by adding damping materials. To...article 2003
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TNO Bouw (author), Holck, O. (author), Svendsen, S. (author), Brunold, S. (author), Frei, U. (author), Köhl, M. (author), Heck, M. (author), Oversloot, H.P. (author)Humidity inside the collectors is one factor that can be minimised to keep the most favourable microclimatic condition for the internal materials of the collector. This microclimate inside the collector is an important factor in determining the service lifetime of an absorber coating. During the design of the collector, the location and size of...article 2003
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de Jong, R.G. (author), van Wiechen, C.M.A.G. (author), Franssen, E.A.M. (author), Lebret, E. (author), Instituut voor Ruimtelijke Organisatie TNO (author)The possible relation between aircraft noise exposure and the prevalence of complainants around Schiphol airport was studied. The home address of people who complain about aircraft noise at the Environment Advisory Committee Schiphol was combined with annual average noise levels, using a Geographic Information System. The prevalence of...article 2002
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Koene, F.G.H. (author), Ligthart, F.A.T.M. (author)-report 2001
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Cappaert, N.L.M. (author), Klis, S.F.L. (author), Baretta, A.B. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Smoorenburg, G.F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Rats were exposed to ethyl benzene at 0, 300, 400 and 550 ppm for 8 hours/day for 5 consecutive days. Three to six weeks after the exposure, auditory function was tested by measuring compound action potentials (CAP) in the frequency range of 1-24 kHz and 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in the frequency range of 4-22.6...article 2000