Reliability based code making for seismic assessment under gas extraction

Until recently earthquakes were not taken into account in the Dutch Building Decree and other Dutch building regulations. Although in 1992, an earthquake happened in Roermond with a magnitude of 5.8 on the Richter scale which damaged buildings, this was not seen by the law makers as an argument for the introduction of regulations for earthquake...

Case Study Application III: RISKCURVES

This chapter discusses the application of TNO's software packages RISKCURVES and EFFECTS in the quantitative Natech risk analysis of a refinery located on the Mediterranean coast. In addition to conventional industrial accident scenarios that could lead to a release of dangerous substances, the impact of two natural hazards (earthquake and...

Reliability Based assessment of buildings under earthquakes due to gas extraction

In the northern part of the Netherlands over de last decades shallow earthquakes are induced due to large scale gas extraction from the Groningen gas field. Earthquakes occur due to the compaction of the reservoir rock, which leads to subsidence at surface and strain build-up in the reservoir rock and existing faults. The induced earthquakes...