Chemical attribution of fentanyl: The effect of human metabolism

Chemical attribution typically aims to establish a link between material found at a crime scene and a person, location or other evidence. In the field of illicit drugs, chemical attribution signatures are usually impurity profiles. Extending these to metabolized samples would create new possibilities in forensic investigations. The present study...

An Open Source Based Repository For Defects in Silicon

Silicon is the most studied semiconductor, having almost every aspect of it being investigated. All this information is spread over a large set of publications, review articles and textbooks and cannot be found in a single location. Furthermore, the available data is not always consistent and depends on the techniques and samples used. This...

IMPACTS: Framework for Risk Assessment of CO2 Transport and Storage Infrastructure: 13th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT 2016. 14 November 2016 through 18 November 2016

There is an urgent drive to implement Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) on a commercial and global scale. This needs to be done in a demonstrably safe and responsible manner that gains widespread acceptance of stakeholders, most notably regulators and the public. If inhaled in sufficiently high concentrations, CO2 can have toxicological effects...

Geochemical effects of SO2 during CO2 storage in deep saline reservoir sandstones of Permian age (Rotliegend) - A modelling approach

tGeochemical modeling was used to assess the impact of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in impure carbon dioxide(CO2) streams on fluid–rock interaction during storage in siliciclastic rocks of Permian age (Rotliegend).We focused on the impact of SO2on the porosity evolution, as well as on the trapping of CO2as solidmineral phase. Due to the lack of a...

Physicochemical effects of discrete CO2-SO2 mixtures on injection and storage in a sandstone aquifer

Geological storage of captured CO2, which typically will contain certain amounts of impurities, in salineaquifers is of potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. The co-injection of theimpurity SO2has an effect on the chemical reactivity of the fluid and solid phases as well as on the physicalbehaviour of the CO2plume. To...

Conduction mechanism in amorphous InGaZnO thin film transistors

We validate a model which is a combination of multiple trapping and release and percolation model for describing the conduction mechanism in amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFT). We show that using just multiple trapping and release or percolation model is insufficient to explain TFT behavior as a function of...

Impurity profiling of trinitrotoluene using vacuum-outlet gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

In this work, a reliable and robust vacuum-outlet gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is introduced for the identification and quantification of impurities in trinitrotoluene (TNT). Vacuum-outlet GC-MS allows for short analysis times the analysis of impurities in TNT was performed in 4. min. This study shows that impurity...

Corrosion of pipe steel in CO2 containing impurities and possible solutions

CO2 flue gases acquired from different sources contain a significant amount of impurities and water, which are corrosive to the pipeline steel. To design the pipelines for large scale of CO2 flue gas transport, the corrosion of pipeline steels has to be investigated in the realistic conditions. In this paper, corrosion behaviour of steel S355...

Experimental and theoretical approach to the assessment of stability criteria for safe transport of ammonium nitrate based emulsions

The safety issues connected to storage and transportation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate emulsions are to be considered of primary importance, as demonstrated by the Tolouse explosion and various handling and storage accidents in different countries. This paper is focused on the assessment of the self-heating behaviour of ammonium...

Geochemical effects of impurities in CO2 on a sandstone reservoir

In most cases, CO2 captured from power plants or large industrial sources contains impurities. As purification of the stream is energy and cost intensive it is necessary to allow a certain level of impurities. The effects of impurities on (short- and long-term) geological storage are, however, uncertain. In this work, geochemical modelling with...

Validated sampling strategy for assessing contaminants in soil stockpiles

Dutch legislation on the reuse of soil requires a sampling strategy to determine the degree of contamination. This sampling strategy was developed in three stages. Its main aim is to obtain a single analytical result, representative of the true mean concentration of the soil stockpile. The development process started with an investigation into...

Modeling transport of a mixture of natural organic molecules: Effects of dynamic competitive sorption from particle to aquifer scale

Natural organic matter (NOM) can act as a carder for contaminants. Therefore it is of great importance to understand its adsorption/desorption and transport behavior. NOM is a mixture of molecules varying from simple small molecules like citric acid to complicated large molecules like humic acid. To simulate sorption and transport of NOM in...

Trends in the identification of organic residues and contaminants: EC regulations under revision

The use of identification points (IPs) is a new approach to set up quality criteria for the identification of organic residues and contaminants: a laboratory is allowed to use any molecular spectrometric technique or combination of techniques in order to earn a minimum number of points. The system of IPs balances the identification power of the...