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Gao, K. (author), Xu, A. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Venema, K. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Niu, Y. (author), Lu, J. (author), Bensoussan, L. (author), Seeram, N.P. (author), Heber, D. (author), Henning, S.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Dietary flavonoids are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Colonic bacteria convert flavonoids into smaller phenolic acids (PA), which can be absorbed into the circulation and may contribute to the chemopreventive activity of the parent compounds. The purpose of our study was to determine whether flavonoids from green and black tea ...article 2006
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Alferdinck, J.W.A.M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)During night-time driving hazardous objects often appear at mesopic light levels, which are typically measured using light meters with a spectral sensitivity that is only valid for photopic light levels. In order to develop suitable mesopic models a target detection experiment was performed in a driving simulator. While subjects drove along a...article 2006
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Geng, Q. (author), Holme, I. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Havenith, G. (author), Jay, O. (author), Malchaires, J. (author), Piette, A. (author), Rintama, H. (author), Rissanen, S. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Objectives: At the request of the European Commission and in the framework of the European Machinery Directive, research was performed in five different laboratories to develop specifications for surface temperature limit values for the short-term accidental touching of the fingertip with cold surfaces. Methods: Data were collected in four...article 2006
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Detmar, S.B. (author), Bruil, J. (author), Ravens-Sieberer, U. (author), Gosch, A. (author), Bisegger, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)There is increasing interest in the public health sector in the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of healthy children. However, most HRQL instruments are developed for children with a chronic illness. In addition, existing questionnaires are mostly based on expert opinion about what constitutes HRQL and the opinions and views of healthy...article 2006
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Reffeltrath, P.A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Background: Helicopter pilots are often exposed to periods of high heat strain, especially when wearing survival suits. Therefore, a prototype of a ventilated vest was evaluated on its capability to reduce the heat strain of helicopter pilots during a 2-h simulated flight. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the ventilated vest would reduce...article 2006
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Fekkes, M. (author), Pijpers, F.I.M. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author)Objective: To evaluate the effects of an antibullying school intervention in elementary schools. Design: Two-year follow-up randomized intervention group-control group. Setting: Forty-seven elementary schools in the Netherlands. Participants: Three thousand eight hundred sixteen children aged 9 to 12 years. Intervention: During the first study...article 2006
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Markus, C.R. (author), Jonkman, L.M. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), Deutz, N.E.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Brain serotonin function has been implicated in the control of sleep and sleep related memory dysfunctions are attributed to deficient brain serotonin activity. Depletion of the serotonin precursor tryptophan reduces brain serotonin function and is found to cause sleep abnormalities and cognitive decline. We hypothesized that enhancing pre-sleep...article 2006
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McKee, R.H. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), Hoogendijk, E.M.G. (author), Emmen, H.H. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Barsotti, D.A. (author), Owen, D.E. (author), Kulig, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)As a preliminary step to evaluating the acute neurobehavioral effects of hydrocarbon solvents and to establish a working model for extrapolating animal test data to humans, joint neurobehavioral/toxicokinetic studies were conducted which involved administering ethanol to rats and volunteers. The specific objectives of the present studies were to...article 2006
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Simons, M. (author), Koerhuis, C.L. (author), Valk, P.J.L. (author), van den Oord, M.H.A.H. (author)Insufficient daytime sleep may result in reduction of effectiveness and safety during overnight military missions. The usefulness of temazepam and zaleplon to optimize afternoon sleep and their effects on performance and alertness during a subsequent night shift were studied. Method: In a randomized double-blind within-subjects design, 11...article 2006
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Martens, M. (author), van Assema, P. (author), Paulussen, T. (author), Schaalma, H. (author), Brug, J. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)The aim of this study was to examine the fidelity and completeness of the implementation of a school-based healthful diet promotion programme called 'Krachtvoer' (we use the Dutch title of the programme throughout this article. A possible translation is Power Food, but this does not reflect the play on words in the Dutch title), aimed at lower...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), de Jong-Potjer, L.C. (author), Elsinga, J. (author), le Cessie, S. (author), van der Pal-de Bruin, K.M. (author), Knuistingh Neven, A. (author), Buitendijk, S.E. (author), Assendelft, W.J.J. (author)Background: Preconception counselling (PCC) can reduce adverse pregnancy outcome by addressing risk factors prior to pregnancy. This study explores whether anxiety is induced in women either by the offer of PCC or by participation with GP-initiated PCC. Methods: Randomised trial of usual care versus GP-initiated PCC for women aged 18-40, in 54...article 2006
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Verhoef, P. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Olthof, M.R. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: A high plasma concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A high protein intake and hence a high intake of methionine-the sole dietary precursor of homocysteine-may raise plasma tHcy concentrations. Objectives: We studied whether high intake of protein increases plasma...article 2005
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Weenen, H. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The time dependence of the liking of foodstuffs was investigated in a study with 25 subjects, consisting of three parts: (1) on day one, a sensory specific satiety study, which was extended until 125 min after consumption; (2) on days two to seven, a repeated in home taste and evaluation study; (3) on day eight, a second sensory specific satiety...article 2005
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Mojet, J. (author), Köster, E.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Memory for texture plays an important role in food expectations. After fasting overnight, subjects (41 women, 35 men, age 19-60 years) received a breakfast including breakfast drink, biscuits and yoghurt. Subsequently, they rated their hunger feelings every hour, and returned for a taste experiment in the evening. When unexpectedly confronted...article 2005
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Meuling, W.J. (author), Ravensberg, L.C. (author), Roza, L. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: The methods and results are described of a study on the dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in humans established via urinary excretion of the metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Methods: Two dermal, single, doses of CPF were applied in two study groups (A and B) each comprising three apparently healthy male volunteers...article 2005
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Smeets, P.A.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), van Osch, M.J.P. (author), van der Grond, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Evidence exists that beverages do not trigger appropriate anticipatory physiologic responses, such as cephalic phase insulin release. Therefore, it is of interest to elucidate the food properties necessary for triggering adaptive responses. Previously, we found a prolonged dose-dependent decrease in the hypothalamic functional...article 2005
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Hille, E.T.M. (author), Elbertse, L. (author), Bennebroek Gravenhorst, J. (author), Brand, R. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective. To assess the effect of demographic and neonatal risk factors and outcome at the last available assessment on the probability of full responders, postal responders (those who only responded to the mailed questionnaire), or nonresponders in a follow-up study of 19-year-old adolescents who were born as preterm infants. Design. The 19...article 2005
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Hoozemans, M.J.M. (author), de Looze, M.P. (author), Kingma, I. (author), Reijneveld, K.C.N. (author), de Korte, E.M. (author), van der Grinten, M.P. (author), van Dieën, J.H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The objective of the present study was to compare energetic workload, perceived exertion, perceived discomfort, safety, and mechanical load at lower limb joints among window cleaners during usage of extension ladders with 30 and 35 cm rung separation. Eleven healthy male professional window cleaners of short and tall stature participated in this...article 2005
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de Jong, R.J. (author), Verwei, M. (author), West, C.E. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Siebelink, E. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Castenmiller, J.J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether milk fortified with folic acid enhances the folate status of humans and whether the presence of folate-binding proteins (FBP) in pasteurised milk affects the bioavailability of folic acid from fortified milk. In untreated and pasteurised milk, folate occurs bound to FBP, while FBP is ...article 2005
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Bos, J.E. (author), van Erp, J.B.F. (author), Groen, E.L. (author), van Veen, H.J. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This paper shows that tactile stimulation can override vestibular information regarding spinning sensations and eye movements. However, we conclude that the current data do not support the hypothesis that tactile stimulation controls eye movements directly. To this end, twenty-four subjects were passively disoriented by an abrupt stop after an...article 2005