- document
-
Wilkinson, S.C. (author), Maas, W.J.M. (author), Nielsen, J.B. (author), Greaves, L.C. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), Williams, F.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)Objectives: To determine the effect of skin thickness on the percutaneous penetration and distribution of test compounds with varying physicochemical properties using in vitro systems. Studies were carried out in accordance with OECD guidelines on skin absorption tests. Methods: Percutaneous penetration of caffeine (log P -0.01), testosterone ...article 2006
- document
-
Vink, P. (author), Koningsveld, E.A.P. (author), Molenbroek, J.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Ergonomics sometimes has a negative connotation, as it is seen to be connected to illness or guidelines that limit innovations. This paper is focused on the positive aspects of ergonomics in improvement of the working environment. It consists of a part that studies the literature on success factors in the process towards higher productivity and...article 2006
- document
-
van Buuren, S. (author), Boshuizen, H.C. (author), Reijneveld, S.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background. Guidelines for screening and subsequent treatment of hypertension vary widely between countries. Part of this variation can be attributed to systematic differences between populations, but little is known about the way in which guidelines should be targeted to the population of interest. Optimal guidelines should have high yield and...article 2006
- document
-
Heerdink-Obenhuijsen, N. (author), Kamphuis, M. (author), Fleuren, M.A.H. (author), van Velzen-Mol, H.W.M. (author), de Wilde, J.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The Dutch Child Health Care guideline on the early detection of congenital heart disease was developed according to the principles for evidence-based guideline development and contains recommendations for the conduct of the examination during routine check-ups and for referral criteria. Most congenital heart diseases can be detected in the first...article 2006
- document
-
Kremer, A.M. (author), Pal, T.M. (author), Keimpema, A.R.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objectives: The aim was to gain insight into work experiences and problems of subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to develop more effective guidelines for preventing work disability and work loss. Methods: A total of 617 patients aged 45-60, recruited from pulmonary outpatient clinics and general practices, completed a...article 2006
- document
-
Genkinger, J.M. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Anderson, K.E. (author), Arslan, A. (author), Beeson, W.L. (author), Buring, J.E. (author), Fraser, G.E. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Hankinson, S.E. (author), Jacobs Jr., D.R. (author), Koushik, A. (author), Lacey Jr., J.V. (author), Larsson, S.C. (author), Leitzmann, M. (author), McCullough, M.L. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Rodriguez, C. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Scheuten, L.J. (author), Shore, R. (author), Smit, E. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Zhang, S.M. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Dairy foods and their constituents (lactose and calcium) have been hypothesized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis. Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lactose, and ovarian cancer. Methods: A pooled...article 2006
- document
-
Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Due to ever-improving medical technology over the course of the last century, the limit of viability has been lowered from around 32 weeks of gestation, first to 28 weeks and, in recent decades, to as low as less than 24 weeks. Long-term follow-up studies (Project on Preterm and Small-for- Gestational-Age Infants, Leiden Follow-up Project on...article 2006
- document
-
Arts, J.H.E. (author), Mommers, C. (author), de Heer, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A literature study was performed to evaluate dose-response relationships and no-effect levels for sensitization and elicitation in skin- and respiratory allergy. With respect to the skin, dose-response relationships and no-effect levels were found for both intradermal and topical induction, as well as for intradermal and topical elicitation of...article 2006
- document
- Buijs, P. (author), Anema, H. (author), Evers, M. (author), van Dijk, F. (author), van der Klink, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2006
- document
-
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), van der Grinten, M.P. (author), Krause, F. (author)In many tasks body parts have to be held against gravity for prolonged periods of time, often in positions other than the usual upright sitting or standing. Because the object that is worked on with hands and or tools cannot be repositioned or reoriented, the worker must adapt, not seldom leading to awkward postures. Lying on the back or lying...conference paper 2006
- document
-
TNO Industrie en Techniek (author), Wurster, R. (author), Landinger, H. (author), Machens, C. (author), Allidières, L. (author), Molag, M. (author), Barron, J. (author), Reijalt, M. (author), Hill, H.J. (author)HyApproval is an EC co-financed Specific Targeted Research Project (STREP) to develop a Handbook facilitating the approval of Hydrogen Refuelling Stations (HRS). The project, started in October 2005, will be performed over 24 months by a balanced partnership including 25 partners from industry, SMEs and institutes which ensure the critical mass...conference paper 2006
- document
-
Meuling, W.J. (author), Ravensberg, L.C. (author), Roza, L. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: The methods and results are described of a study on the dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in humans established via urinary excretion of the metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Methods: Two dermal, single, doses of CPF were applied in two study groups (A and B) each comprising three apparently healthy male volunteers...article 2005
- document
-
Focardi, P. (author), McGrath, W.R. (author), Neto, A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Twin-slot antennas and coplanar waveguides are a popular choice for coupling signals to state-of-the-art mixers and detectors at terahertz frequencies. Although these sensors show promising performance in terms of noise temperature, they usually also show a considerable downward shift in the center frequency of their spectral response,...article 2005
- document
-
Boshuizen, H.C. (author), Stemmerik, L. (author), Westhoff, M.H. (author), Hopman-Rock, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Elderly participants experiencing difficulty in chair rising and with a maximum knee-extensor torque below 87.5 N · m were randomized to different versions of a strength-training program for the knee-extensors: to a high-guidance group (HG; two group sessions supervised by a physical therapist and one unsupervised home session per week, n = 17),...article 2005
- document
-
Vos, J.J. (author), van Norren, D. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Background: The ACGIH guidelines for protection against retinal damage by optical radiation are often difficult to apply due to their lack of transparency. The less known guidelines by the Netherlands Health Council (HCN), dating from 1978 and updated in 1993, might offer a way out in many cases. Methods: A comparison is made of these guidelines...conference paper 2005
- document
-
van den Akker-van Marle, M.E. (author), Rijnders, M.E.B. (author), van Dommelen, P. (author), Fekkes, M. (author), van Wouwe, J.P. (author), Amelink-Verburg, M.P. (author), Verkerk, P.H. (author)Objective: To estimate the costs and effects of different treatment strategies with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in the Netherlands. The treatment strategies include a risk-based strategy, a screening-based strategy, a combined screening/risk-based strategy and the current Dutch...article 2005
- document
-
de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Bos-Kuijpers, M.H.M. (author), Kaufmann, W.S.H. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), O'Callaghan, J.P. (author), Pakkenberg, B. (author), Pelgrim, M.T.M. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Waanders, M.M. (author), Gundersen, H.J.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Our aim was to investigate a model of the morphologic approach proposed in guidelines for developmental neurotoxicity testing (DNT). Hereto, a limited DNT study [EPA Health Effects Test Guidelines OPPTS 870.6300, 1996a. Developmental Neurotoxicity Study "Public Draft", United States Environmental Protection Agency; Prevention, Pesticides and...article 2005
- document
-
Neyens, J.C.L. (author), Dijcks, B.P.J. (author), de Kinkelder, A. (author), Graafmams, W.C. (author), Schols, J.M.G.A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Fall incidents occur frequently in the community dwelling elderly and even more in the institutionalised elderly. Fall-related research data indicate positive effects of a multifactorial intervention targeted on prevention of falls and fall-related injuries. In November 2004 the guideline "Prevention of fall incidents in the elderly" developed...article 2005
- document
-
Visschedijk, M. (author), Hendriks, R. (author), Nuyts, K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This document provides a general introduction to clarify the differences between quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA). In addition it serves as a starting point for implementing a quality system approach within an organization. The paper offers practical guidance to the implementation of quality and the importance of QC in its...article 2005
- document
-
Staal, J.B. (author), Rainville, J. (author), Fritz, J. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Pransky, G. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Introduction: There is a body of literature that indicates that physical exercise interventions, with a primary focus on improvement of functioning instead of pain relief, might be effective to stimulate return to work and improve function in workers who are absent from work due to low back pain (LBP). Successful application and implementation...article 2005