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Liebsch, M. (author), Spielmann, H. (author), Pape, W. (author), Krul, C. (author), Deguercy, A. (author), Eskes, C.A.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Regulatory requirements: According to the current Notes for Guidance of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products (SCCNFP), cosmetic ingredients and mixtures of ingredients absorbing UV light (in particular UV filter chemicals used, for example, to ensure the light stability of cosmetics or used in sun protection...article 2005
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- Maurici, D. (author), Aardema, M. (author), Corvi, R. (author), Kleber, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Laurent, C. (author), Loprieno, N. (author), Pasanen, M. (author), Pfuhler, S. (author), Phillips, B. (author), Sabbioni, E. (author), Sanner, T. (author), Vanparys, P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author) article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the ninth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to the...article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the ninth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to the...article 2005
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- Maurici, D. (author), Aardema, M. (author), Corvi, R. (author), Kleber, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Laurent, C. (author), Loprieno, N. (author), Pasanen, M. (author), Pfuhler, S. (author), Phillips, B. (author), Prentice, D. (author), Sabbioni, E. (author), Sanner, T. (author), Vanparys, P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the eighth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to...article 2005
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- Coecke, S. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Elaut, G. (author), Freeman, S. (author), Freidig, A. (author), Gensmantel, N. (author), Hoet, P. (author), Kapoulas, V.M. (author), Ladstetter, B. (author), Langley, G. (author), Leahy, D. (author), Mannens, G. (author), Meneguz, A. (author), Monshouwer, M. (author), Nemery, B. (author), Pelkonen, O. (author), Pfaller, W. (author), Prieto, P. (author), Proctor, N. (author), Rogiers, V. (author), Rostami-Hodjegan, A. (author), Sabbioni, E. (author), Steiling, W. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2005
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TNO Voeding (author), van der Woude, H. (author), Alink, G.M. (author), van Rossum, B.E.J. (author), Walle, K. (author), van Steeg, H. (author), Walle, T. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author)This study investigates the role of cellular tyrosinase and/or peroxidase-like oxidative enzyme activity in the covalent binding of quercetin to glutathione, protein, and DNA, as well as the stability of quercetin DNA adducts in time. This was done by studying the formation of glutathionyl quercetin adducts in various in vitro models, and the...article 2005
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Bär, A. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Jonker, D. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Alpha-cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase (α-CGTase, EC 2.4.1.19) is an amylolytic enzyme used for the production of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), a novel, soluble dietary fiber, from food-grade starch. The safety of an α-CGTase preparation obtained by batch fermentation from a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli K12 harboring the α-CGTase gene from...article 2004
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Rhodes, L.E. (author), Shahbakhti, H. (author), Azurdia, R.M. (author), Moison, R.M.W. (author), Steenwinkel, M.J.S.T. (author), Homburg, M.I. (author), Dean, M.P. (author), McArdle, F. (author), Beijersbergen van Henegouwen, G.M.J. (author), Epe, B. (author), Vink, A.A. (author)Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) protect against photocarcinogenesis in animals, but prospective human studies are scarce. The mechanism(s) underlying the photoprotection are uncertain, although ω-3 PUFAs may influence oxidative stress. We examined the effect of supplementation on a range of indicators of ultraviolet...article 2003
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Roza, L. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author)Hydroquinone (HQ) occurs in the environment as a result of manmade processes as well as in natural products from plants and animals. The compound has been reported to produce chromosomal effects in some in vivo and in vitro animal models. However, its potential to produce similar effects in human lymphocytes is less clear. To obtain more...article 2003
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Anderson, D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO BIBRA (author)Butadiene (BD) and its 2-methyl analogue, isoprene, have been extensively studied in animals and BD in population studies. Both chemicals are metabolised by liver cytochrome P450 dependent monogenases to monoepoxide and diepoxide intermediates. The diepoxide intermediates of both compounds were mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. However,...article 2001
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO BIBRA (author), Becker, R. (author), Nikolova, T. (author), Wolff, I. (author), Lovell, D. (author), Hüttner, E. (author), Foth, H. (author)The mutant frequency (MF) in the hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl-transferase (HPRT) locus of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes was measured in a population environmentally exposed to vinyl chloride - a toxic and carcinogenic substance through an accidental release into the atmosphere. It was compared to MF in a control group of unexposed...article 2001
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Albertini, R.J. (author), Anderson, D. (author), Douglas, G.R. (author), Hagmar, L. (author), Hemminki, K. (author), Merlo, F. (author), Natarajan, A.T. (author), Norppa, H. (author), Shuker, D.E.G. (author), Tice, R. (author), Waters, M.D. (author), Aitio, A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Bibra (author)The purpose of these guidelines is to provide concise guidance on the planning, performing and interpretation of studies to monitor groups or individuals exposed to genotoxic agents. Most human carcinogens are genotoxic but not all genotoxic agents have been shown to be carcinogenic in humans. Although the main interest in these studies is due...article 2000
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The safety of β-carotene was reassessed by evaluating the relevant literature on the beneficial and adverse effects of β-carotene on cancer and, in particular, by evaluating the results of toxicity studies. β- Carotene appeared neither genotoxic nor reprotoxic or teratogenic, and no signs of organ toxicity have been found in subacute, subchronic...article 1999
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Induction of somatic mutations but not methylated DNA adducts in λlacZ transgenic mice by dichlorvosPletsa, V. (author), Steenwinkel, M.-J.S.T. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Kyrtopoulos, S.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In order to examine the in vivo genotoxic activity of dichlorvos, λlacZ transgenic mice (Muta(TM)Mouse) were treated i.p. with single (4.4 or 11 mg/kg) or multiple (5x11 mg/kg) doses of this agent and sacrificed 4 h or 14 days post-treatment for DNA adduct measurement or mutant frequency analysis, respectively. Neither methylated DNA adducts nor...article 1999
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Turnbull, D. (author), Frankos, V.H. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Plant stanol esters from wood and vegetable oil sources were tested for genotoxicity in bacterial (Salmonella typhimurium) and mammalian cell (L5178Y) gene mutation assays and in a mammalian cell chromosome aberration assay (CHO cells). The two stanol ester formulations were tested separately at doses up to the limit of solubility, with and...article 1999
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Randerath, K. (author), Sriram, P. (author), Moorthy, B. (author), Aston, J.P. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), van den Berg, P.T.M. (author), Booth, E.D. (author), Watson, W.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)32P-postlabelling analysis for detecting DNA adducts formed by polycyclic aromatic compounds is one of the most widely used techniques for assessing genotoxicity associated with these compounds. In cases where the formation of adducts is extremely low, a crucial step in the analysis is an enrichment procedure for adducts prior to the...article 1998
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Rompelberg, C.J.M. (author), Steenwinkel, M.J.S.T. (author), van Asten, J.G. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)To study the possible reduction by eugenol of the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of benzoja]pyrene (B[a]P) in vivo, the X-lacZ-transgenic mouse strain 40.6 (Muta(TM)Mouse) was used. Male mice were fed a diet containing 0.4% (w/w) eugenol or a control diet for 58 days. On day 10, half of the mice received an i.p. dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. B[a]P. The...article 1996
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Rompelberg, C.J.M. (author), Vogels, J.T.W.E. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Bruijntjes-Rozier, G.C.D.M. (author), Stenhuis, W.H. (author), Bogaards, J.J.P. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)1. In order to study the antigenotoxic potential of eugenol in humans, ten healthy non-smoking males ingested a daily amount of 150 mg eugenol or the placebo for seven consecutive days. After a washout period of one week, groups ingesting eugenol or the placebo were crossed and received the other treatment for seven consecutive days. 2. On days...article 1996