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Hooijschuur, E.W.J. (author), Kientz, C.E. (author), Brinkman, U.A.T. (author)Today, the determination of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is an important area of application in analytical chemistry. Chromatographic, capillary electrophoretic and mass spectrometric techniques are primarily used for the identification and quantification of a broad field of classical CWAs in environmental samples and neutralization masses,...article 2002
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Oudgenoeg, G. (author), Hilhorst, R. (author), Piersma, S.R. (author), Boeriu, C.G. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), Hessing, M. (author), Voragen, A.G.J. (author), Laane, C. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The tyrosine-containing peptide Gly-Tyr-Gly (GYG) was oxidatively cross-linked by horseradish peroxidase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. As products, covalently coupled di- to pentamers of the peptide were identified by LC-MS. Oxidative cross-linking of ferulic acid with horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide resulted in the...article 2001
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Dallinga, J.W. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Tenfelde, A. (author), Moonen, E.J.C. (author), Vermeer, I.T.M. (author), van Doorn, D. (author), Schothorst, R.C. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The thermal energy analyser (TEA) is considered to be the gold standard for the determination of nitrosamines. However, since many laboratories cannot justify the use of such a very specific detection system, alternative detection methods are useful. While standard gas chromatography (GC) detectors lack the selectivity of the TEA detector, mass...article 2001
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- Spruit, W.E.T. (author), Trap, H.C. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author) article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Hageman, G.J. (author), Rauma, A.L. (author), de Versluis-Haan, G. (author), van Herwijnen, M.H.M. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Törrönen, R. (author), Mykkänen, H. (author)Allium vegetables (onions, leeks, chives) and in particular garlic have been claimed to have health-promoting potential. This study was conducted to get insight into the perspectives for monitoring the intake of garlic by a biomarker approach. Chemically, the bimarker results from exposure to gamma-glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine, which is first...article 2001
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Spruit, W.E.T. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Trap, H.C. (author), van der Wiel, H.J. (author), Helmich, R.B. (author), van Helden, H.P.M. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author)We report the first toxicokinetic studies of (±)-sarin. The toxicokinetics of the stereoisomers of this nerve agent were studied in anesthetized, atropinized, and restrained guinea pigs after intravenous bolus administration of a dose corresponding to 0.8 LD50 and after nose-only exposure to vapor concentrations yielding 0.4 and 0.8 LCt50 in an...article 2000
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Fidder, A. (author), Noort, D. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The development of a procedure for retrospective detection and quantitation of exposure to the arsenical dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine (lewisite; L1) has been initiated. Upon incubation of human blood with [14C]L1 (20 nM-0.2 mM) in vitro, more than 90% of the total radioactivity was found in the erythrocytes and 25-50% of the radioactivity...article 2000
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Mayer, P. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Wijnker, F. (author), Legierse, K.C.H.M. (author), Kraaij, R.H. (author), Tolls, J. (author), Hermens, J.L.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Polymer coated glass fibers were applied as disposable samplers to measure dissolved concentrations of persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants (PBPs) in sediment porewater. The method is called matrix solid-phase microextraction (matrix-SPME), because it utilizes the entire sediment matrix as a reservoir for an equilibrium extraction: A glass...article 2000
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Simal-Gándara, J. (author), Sarria-Vidal, M. (author), Rijk, M.A.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A liquid chromatographic method with evaporative mass detection (EMD) is described for the determination of paraffins in food contact materials that do not contain polyolefin oligomers, or paraffins migrating from these materials into fatty food simulants or certain simple foods. A normal-phase column operating at maximum column efficiency...article 2000
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Mol, H.G.J. (author), Sunarto, S. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author)The combined gas chromatographic determination of a number of hydroxyl-group containing endocrine disruptors, including 4-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 4-tert.-butylbenzoic acid, bisphenol-A, 17?-estradiol and 17?-ethynylestradiol, was investigated. Derivatization, required for sensitive determination of...article 2000
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Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author), Baumann, M. (author), Roland, A.I. (author), Schmidt-Naake, G. (author), Fischer, H.R. (author)The synthesis of polystyrene-block-poly(styrene-co acrylonitrile) block copolymers by conversion of polystyrene terminated with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) are described. We have found a considerable acceleration in polymerization rate and increasing of molecular weights due to the donor acceptor interaction of styrene and...article 2000
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van Puymbroeck, M. (author), Kuilman, M.E.M. (author), Maas, R.F.M. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), Leyssens, L. (author), van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M. (author), Hendriks, L. (author), van der Zande, D.J.M. (author), Adriaensens, P. (author), Jacobs, M.-P. (author), Raus, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The metabolism of the illegal growth promoter ethylestrenol (EES) was evaluated in bovine liver cells and subcellular fractions of bovine liver preparations. Incubations with bovine microsomal preparations revealed that EES is extensively biotransformed into norethandrolone (NE), another illegal growth promoter. Furthermore, incubations of...article 1999
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Cashman, J.R. (author), Xiong, Y. (author), Lin, J. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Larsen-Su, S. (author), Williams, D.E. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The effect of consumption of glucosinolate-containing Brussels sprouts on flavin-containing monooxygenase functional activity in humans was investigated in 10 healthy, male, non-smoking volunteers. After a 3-week run-in period, 5 volunteers continued on a glucosinolate-free diet for 3 weeks (control group), and 5 others consumed 300 g of cooked...article 1999
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Dallüge, J. (author), Ou-Aissa, R. (author), Vreuls, J.J. (author), Brinkman, U.A.T. (author), Veraart, J.R. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The features of a resistive-heated capillary column for fast temperature-programmed gas chromatography (GC) have been evaluated. Experiments were carried out using a commercial available EZ Flash GC, an assembly which can be used to upgrade existing gas chromatographs. The capillary column is placed inside a metal tube which can be heated, and...article 1999
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Guallar, E. (author), Aro, A. (author), Jiménez, F.J. (author), Martín-Moreno, J.M. (author), Salminen, I. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Gömez-Aracena, J. (author), Martin, B.C. (author), Kohlmeier, L. (author), Kark, J.D. (author), Mazaev, V.P. (author), Ringstad, J. (author), Guillén, J. (author), Riemersma, R.A. (author), Huttunen, J.K. (author), Thamm, M. (author), Kok, F.J. (author)Omega-3 fatty acids have potential antiatherogenic, antithrombotic, and antiarrhythmic properties, but their role in coronary heart disease remains controversial. To evaluate the association of omega-3 fatty acids in adipose tissue with the risk of myocardial infarction in men, a case-control study was conducted in eight European countries and...article 1999
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Trap, H.C. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Department of Chemical Toxicology, TNO Prins Maurits Laboratory, P.O. Box 45, 2280 AA, Rijswijk, Netherlands (author)A method is presented for the continuous analysis of generated vapors of the nerve agents soman and satin and the blistering agent sulfur mustard. By using a gas sampling valve and a very short (15 cm) column connected to an on-column injector with a 'standard length' column, the system can either be calibrated or used for performing high speed...article 1999
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Hankemeier, T. (author), Hooijschuur, E. (author), Vreuls, R.J.J. (author), Brinkman, U.A.Th. (author), Visser, T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A large-volume on-column GC-cryotrapping-IR system was developed for injections of up to 100 μl of organic extracts. Considerable reduction of the solvent-and-water background and enhanced analyte detectability was achieved by using an open-split interface between the GC column and the IR detector and improving the leak-tightness of the system....article 1998
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Hankemeier, Th. (author), Rozenbrand, J. (author), Abhadur, M. (author), Vreuls, J.J. (author), Brinkman, U.A.Th. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A procedure is described for the (non-target) screening of hetero-atom-containing compounds in tap and waste water by correlating data obtained by gas chromatography (GC) using atomic emission (AED) and mass selective (MS) detection. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was coupled on-line to both GC systems to enable the determination of...article 1998
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Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Morton, M.S. (author), Brüggemann-Rotgans, I.E.M. (author), van Beresteijn, E.C.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: The hypothesis was tested that the rate of postmenopausal bone loss is inversely associated with long-term urinary excretion of phyto-oestrogens, as a marker of habitual dietary intake. Design: Secondary analysis of a 10-year follow-up study (1979-1989) among postmenopausal women in the Netherlands. Subjects: From the original...article 1998
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Srikumar, T.S. (author), Wezendonk, B. (author), van Dokkum, W. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In the present pilot study, for investigating the physiological effects of different types of nondigestible oligosaccharides, we have validated the application of methodologies for the analysis of bile acids and neutral steroids in feces of human subjects. The accuracy of the extraction and chromatographic procedures for the analyses of bile...article 1998