Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino telescope to point-like neutrino sources

KM3NeT will be a network of deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ARCA detector, to be installed at the Capo Passero site (Italy), is optimised for the detection of high-energy neutrinos of cosmic origin. Thanks to its geographical location on the Northern hemisphere, KM3NeT/ARCA can observe upgoing neutrinos from...

New insights from jurassic shale characterization: Strengthen subsurface data with outcrop analogues

This study shows the first results of an ongoing project on the characterization of variations in lithological- and geomechanical properties of targetted gas shale formations. The aim of this study is to get an increased insight into both the fraccability and productivity of a shale formations. Ultimately, this can lead to better localization of...

Fast photometer design for the ASIM ISS mission

The Atmospheric-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) consists of a suite of instruments to make observations of Transient Luminous Events (TLEs) and Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs). The optical part of the payload is called the Multi-Spectral Modular Imaging Array (MMIA) and consists of a combination of a camera units and photometers. The...

Onshore and offshore seismic and lithostratigraphic analysis of a deeply incised Quaternary buried valley system in the Northern Netherlands

High-resolution seismic data (onshore and offshore), geophysical borehole data as well as detailed lithofacies from airlift boreholes were acquired in northern Netherlands on and around the island of Ameland. Marine and land seismic data combined with information from land boreholes have been explored with the objective of providing a...

Low doses of UVB or UVA induce chromosomal aberrations in cultured human skin cells

Chromosomal defects are frequently present in malignant and premalignant skin disorders; however, it is not known whether ultraviolet radiation from sunlight plays a role in their induction. To obtain information on the ability of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B to induce chromosomal aberrations, cultured melanocytes and fibroblasts were exposed...

(Pheo)melanin photosensitizes UVA-induced DNA damage in cultured human melanocytes

The question of whether melanins are photoprotecting and/or photosensitizing in human skin cells continues to be debated. To evaluate the role of melanin upon UVA irradiation, DNA single-strand breaks (ssb) were measured in human melanocytes differing only in the amount of pigment produced by culturing at two different concentrations, basic (0...

Dosimetry for total body irradiation of rhesus monkeys with 300 kV X- rays

Purpose: To obtain more accurate information on the dose distribution in rhesus monkeys for total body irradiation with orthovoltage X-rays. Materials and methods: Dose measurements were performed with an ionization chamber inside homogeneous cylindrical and rectangular phantoms of various dimensions and in phantoms containing lung-equivalent...

The neutron sensitivity of dosimeters applied to boron neutron capture therapy

To obtain a high accuracy in the dosimetry of an epithermal neutron beam used for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), the neutron sensitivity of dosimeters applied to determine the various dose components in-phantom has been investigated. The thermal neutron sensitivity of Mg(Ar) ionization chambers, TE(TE) ionization chambers, and...

Influence of the H-ras oncogene on radiation responses of a rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell line

Rat R2k rhabdomyosarcoma cells were transfected with the human H-ras oncogene, which resulted in increased resistance to cell kill in vitro by a single dose of 137Cs γ-rays. A subline carrying one oncogene showed an increase in the quasi-threshold dose (D(q)) from 0.88 to 1.48 Gy. Another subline containing six oncogenes not only had an...

The effect of irradiation on the antibody enhancing helper T cells

Helper T cells specific for sheep erythrocytes were generated in lethally irradiated mice. The helper effect exerted by these cells was determined in vitro in spleen cell cultures. Irradiation of the helper cells in vivo or in vitro with 1-9 Gy resulted in a bimodal relation between radiation dose and helper effect when measured either...

Induction of mutations in bacteriophage T7 by gamma-rays. No influence of the SOS repair pathway

Under conditions where the reversion of an amber mutant of bacteriophage ?? by ??-rays is enhanced by subjecting the irradiated phage to SOS repair, ??-ray-induced reversion of two T7 ambers is not influenced by this error-prone bacterial repair system. The survival of T7 ??-irradiated under anoxic conditions is somewhat enhanced by SOS repair,...

Influence of SOS repair on the specificity of radiation mutagenesis in bacteriophage phiX174

The induction of gamma-endonuclease susceptible sites by ??-rays in CHO cells and their cellular repair are not affected by the presence of thiol compounds during irradiation

Chemicals/CAS: endonuclease, 9055-11-2; DNA, 9007-49-2; Endonucleases, EC 3.1.-; Sulfhydryl Compounds

Gamma-Ray mutagenesis in bacteriophage T4 is not enhanced by oxygen

As in the induction of r mutants in bacteriophage T4 by ??-rays, the radiation-induced reversion of T4 amber mutants to wild-type was found to depend on the product of the DNA-repair gene x of the phage. Neither the efficiency of induction of r mutants nor the efficiency of reversion of ambers was enhanced by the presence of oxygen during...

Gamma-ray induced double-strand breaks in DNA resulting from randomly-inflicted single-strand breaks: Temporal local denaturation, a new radiation phenomenon?

The induction of single- and double-strand breaks in DNA by γ-rays has been measured. The maximum number of nucleotide paris (a) between two independently induced single-strand breaks in opposite strands of the DNA which cannot prevent the occurrence of a double-strand break was found to amount to about 16. This value did not differ...

Induction of mutations in bacteriophage T7 by γ rays: Independence of host repair mechanisms

Amber mutants of bacteriophage T7 are reverted by γ-rays to pseudo wild-type particles, i.e. particles able to propagate in a suppressorless host. The yield of revertants is much higher when the phage is irradiated in the presence of oxygen than when irradiated anoxically. Under particular gas conditions the efficiency of mutation induction...

Radiosensitization of biologically active DNA in cellular extracts by oxygen. Evidence that the presence of SH compounds is not required

The radiosensitization by oxygen of biologically active bacteriophage DNA in bacterial extracts was studied. The oxygen effect in such a system appeared not to be due or only to a minor extent to the presence of endogenous sulphydryl compounds. The components in a cell extract which enable oxygen and other sensitizers to sensitize DNA could not...