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Pagnier, H.J.M. (author), van Bergen, F. (author), Kreft, E. (author), van der Meer, L.G.H. (author), Simmelink, H.J. (author), Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO (author)The RECOPOL project is an EC-funded research and demonstration project to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of storing CO<sub>2</sub> permanently in subsurface coal seams. This is considered to be an option for CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration, which will be required to meet the Kyoto protocol. The main aim is to demonstrate that CO...conference paper 2005
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Veraar, R.G. (author), Giusti, G. (author)TNO executed a technology demonstration programme in co-operation with RWMS on the application of solid fuel ramjet propulsion technology to medium calibre air defence projectiles. From 2000 to 2004 a complete and integrated structural and aero-thermodynamic projectile design was conceived satisfying the gun related requirements on projectile...conference paper 2005
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Belfroid, S.P.C. (author), Sturm, W.L. (author), Alberts, G.J.N. (author), Peters, M.C.A.M. (author), Schiferli, W. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)By using a full dynamic model for both the well and the near well reservoir, a large range of instabilities can be simulated. These instabilities include gas lift heading, severes slugging and compressibility effects. To simulate these types of fluctuations it is necessary to use an integrated dynamic model for the complete system. Using a...conference paper 2005
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van Mierlo, J. (author), Maggetto, G. (author), van de Burgwal, H.C. (author), Gense, N.L.J. (author), TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author)This paper describes the influence on vehicle emissions and energy consumption of different vehicle parameters and driving style as well as of traffic measures taken in order to increase transport safety or to reduce traffic jams. This should allow the Flemish Regional Government to perform more realistic modelling of the impact of transport on...article 2004
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van Kessel, L.B.M. (author), Arendsen, A.R.J. (author), Brem, G. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)In thermal processes with highly inhomogeneous fuels it is desirable to know real time fuel characteristics. In the case of municipal solid waste combustion (MSWC) it was up till now not possible to determine the calorific value of the waste on-line with a high accuracy. In this paper, a new method is presented where the calorific value is...article 2004
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van Kessel, L.B.M. (author), Arendsen, A.R.J. (author), de Boer-Meulman, P.D.M. (author), Brem, G. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Combustion of solid fuels on a grate is widely used. Mostly, the combustion behaviour is explained by the classical theory of Rogers. However, that theory cannot explain the combustion process when primary air preheating is applied. Solid fuel grate combustion is studied by experiments in a pot furnace. Experiments with and without primary air...article 2004
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Stowe, R.A. (author), Dubois, C. (author), Harris, P.G. (author), Mayer, A.E.H.J. (author), Dechamplain, A. (author), Ringuette, S. (author)The ducted rocket is a supersonic flight propulsion system that takes the exhaust from a solid fuel gas generator, mixes it with air, and burns it to produce thrust. To develop such systems, the use of numerical models based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been increasing, but to date only simplified treatments of the combustion within...article 2004
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Boerrigter, H. (author), Zwart, R.W.R. (author)The technical, economic, and ecological feasibility was studied of theco-production of 50 PJ of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) transportation liquids and 150 PJ of substitute natural gas (SNG) per year (i.e. 10% of the 2001 Dutch consumption). In the co-production concepts part of the SNG is produced by methanation of the FT off-gas, which already...report 2004
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van Genderen, M. (author), van Aken, M.G. (author), TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author)In a NOx adsorber programme the feasibility for applying this technology to heavy duty diesel engines was investigated. After modelling and simulations for realising best λ < 1 engine conditions a platform was build which was used to obtain good NOx adsorber regeneration settings in a number of steady state key points without violating pre...conference paper 2003
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Kroon, P. (author), Ybema, J.R. (author), Harmsen, R. (author), Jespersen, M.S. (author), Jordal-Jørgensen, J. (author)-report 2003
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Beurskens, L.W.M. (author), van Thuijl, E. (author), Roos, C.J. (author)For fuels produced from biomass, various conversion routes are availablethat follow from the different types of biomass that can serve as a feedstock. These conversion technologies are discussed in both technological and economic terms. For each route, the fuel characteristics of the biofuel are described and compared to those of the fossil fuel...report 2003
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TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author), Hendriksen, P. (author), Vermeulen, R.J. (author), Rijkeboer, R.C. (author), Bremmers, D.A.C.M. (author), Smokers, R.T.M. (author), Winkel, R.G. (author)The project reported here concerns an investigation into the environmental performance of modern passenger cars on four different fuels: petrol, diesel, automotive LPG and CNG. The objectives of the project were twofold: - To make a valid and useful comparison between modern vehicles fuelled by these four fuels, as a possible basis for...report 2003
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), de Groot, A. (author), Tillemans, F.W.A. (author)In this report, the simulation results for the energy system of a districtcontaining 1300 houses is presented. The starting points for these calculations are the electricity and heating demand patterns based on the 'city of the sun', a planned residential area in Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands. The main focus is concentrated on the possibility...report 2002
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Weeda, M. (author), den Ouden, A.C.B. (author), de Smidt, R.P. (author), Dijkstra, J.W. (author), Weijers, E.P. (author)-report 2002
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Bruijn, A.J. (author)An overview of developments and events in the Netherlands in 2000 inthe field of energy is presented. This edition comprises three parts. In the first part (Chronicle) a chronological overview is given of events in 2000 regarding governmental and energy policy, developments in the sectors natural gas and petroleum exploration, refineries and...other 2002
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Fick, M. (author), Schiebener, P. (author), Moerel, J.L.P.A. (author), van den Berg, R.P. (author), Sanders, H.M. (author), Welland-Veltmans, W.H.M. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The benefits of advanced HNF monopropellants are discussed. The areas of consideration comprise the operational and performance aspects, the general handling, the benign less-toxic characteristics and the envisaged reduction of manufacturing, test and operational costs. The recently proposed developments and applications of advanced...conference paper 2001
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Rijkeboer, R.C. (author), Hendriksen, P. (author), Gense, N.L.J. (author), TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author)With increasing complexity of engine management system there is a tendency for traditional driving cyles to become further and further removed from reality. So for a sensible evaluation of emissions and fuel consumption of road vehicles in the field there is an urgent need for 'real-world' driving patterns. Existing 'standard' driving cycles can...conference paper 2001
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Keizers, H.L.J. (author), van der Heijden, A.E.D.M. (author), van Vliet, L.D. (author), Welland-Veltmans, W.H.M. (author), Ciucci, A. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)Worldwide developments are ongoing to develop new and more energetic composite solid propellant formulations for space transportation and military applications. Since the 90's, the use of HNF as a new high performance oxidiser is being reinvestigated. Within European development programmes, significant improvements have been achieved with...conference paper 2001
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Dijkstra, J.W. (author), Veenkamp, J.M. (author)-report 2001
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Department of Energy Technology, TNO-Environment Energy and Process Innovation, P.O. Box 3427300, AH Apeldoorn, Netherlands Royal Netherlands Army, Directorate of Policy and Planning, Soldier Modernisation Programme, B. kaz. Barchman Wuytierslaan, 198, 3818 LN Amersfoort, Netherlands (author), Raadschelders, J.W. (author), Jansen, T. (author)At present, the energy supply for the electronic equipment of the soldier is problematic. Each component has its own battery pack. These battery packs are not interchangeable and each requires its own charger. Furthermore, because they are all dimensioned to deliver the peak power for each item of equipment, this leads to a higher battery weight...article 2001