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Updated full range of Eliciting Dose values for Cow's milk for use in food allergen risk assessment

Blom, W.M. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Meima, M.Y. (author), Turner, P.J. (author), Ebisawa, M. (author), Yanagida, N. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Houben, G.F. (author)

Access to Eliciting Doses (ED) for allergens enables advanced food allergen risk assessment. Previously, the full ED range for 14 allergenic foods, including milk, and recommendations for their use were provided (Houben et al., 2020). Additional food challenge studies with cow's milk-allergic patients added 247 data points to the original...

article 2022

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Full range of population Eliciting Dose values for 14 priority allergenic foods and recommendations for use in risk characterization

Houben, G.F. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Meima, M.Y. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Wheeler, M.W. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author)

Previously, we published selected Eliciting Dose (ED) values (i.e. ED01 and ED05 values) for 14 allergenic foods, predicted to elicit objective allergic symptoms in 1% and 5%, respectively, of the allergic population (Remington et al., 2020). These ED01 and ED05 values were specifically presented and discussed in the context of establishing...

article 2020

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Potential cofactors in accidental food allergic reactions are frequently present but may not influence severity and occurrence

Versluis, A. (author), van Os-Medendorp, H. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Michelsen-Huisman, A.D. (author), Castenmiller, J.J.M. (author), Noteborn, H.P.J.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author)

Background: Cofactors, such as physical exercise and alcohol intake, might be associated with the severity or occurrence of food allergic reactions. Objective: To gain insight into the frequency of presence of potential cofactors in accidental food allergic reactions in adults and to what extent these factors influence the severity and...

article 2019

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Allergenic and novel food proteins State of the art and challenges in the allergenicity assessment

Pali-Scholl, I. (author), Verhoeckx, K. (author), Mafra, I. (author), Bavaro, S.L. (author), Mills, E.N.C. (author), Monaci, L. (author)

Background. There is an increasing demand for animal-derived products in the developing countries. This poses major concerns for the sustainable production of safe and nutritious food. Consequently, to address these needs alternative sustainable sources of valuable dietary proteins are sought for. Scope and approach. In this review, we discuss...

article 2019

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Modifying the infants diet to prevent food allergy

Grimshaw, K. (author), Logan, K. (author), O'Donovan, S. (author), Kiely, M. (author), Patient, K. (author), van Bilsen, J. (author), Beyer, K. (author), Campbell, D.E. (author), Garcia-Larsen, V. (author), Grabenhenrich, L. (author), Lack, G. (author), Mills, C. (author), Wal, J.M. (author), Roberts, G. (author)

Recommendations and guidelines on the prevention of food allergy have changed in recent decades. The aim of this review of the current evidence and ongoing studies is to provide a comprehensive and up to date picture of prevention of food allergy for healthcare professionals. The review was undertaken as part of the European Union funded...

article 2017

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Minimal impact of extensive heating of hens egg and cows milk in a food matrix on threshold dose-distribution curves

Remington, B.C. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Campbell, D.E. (author), Turner, P.J. (author)

We analyzed reaction threshold data from 352 children undergoing open food challenges to hen's egg or cow's milk, either fresh or extensively heated into a muffin. There was no significant shift in dose-distribution curves due to the baking process, implying that existing threshold data for these allergens can be applied to allergen risk...

article 2017

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Specific IgE to Jug r 1 has no additional value compared with extract-based testing in diagnosing walnut allergy in adults

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Blankestijn, M.A. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Otten, H.G. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), Bruijnzeel-Koomen, C.A.F.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), Klemans, R.J.B. (author)

Chemicals / CAS immunoglobulin E, 37341-29-0; Allergens; Immunoglobulin E; Plant Extracts; Plant Proteins

article 2017

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Threshold Dose Distribution in Walnut Allergy

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Blankestijn, M.A. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Klemans, R.J.B. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author)

Background In food allergy, eliciting doses (EDs) of foods on a population level can improve risk management and labeling strategies for the food industry and regulatory authorities. Previously, data available for walnut were unsuitable to determine EDs. Objective The objective of this study was to determine EDs for walnut allergic adults and to...

article 2017

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The role of hazard- and risk-based approaches in ensuring food safety

Barlow, S.M. (author), Boobis, A.R. (author), Bridges, J. (author), Cockburn, A. (author), Dekant, W. (author), Hepburn, P. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), König, J. (author), Nauta, M.J. (author), Schuermans, J. (author), Bánáti, D. (author)

Background: Food legislation in the European Union and elsewhere includes both hazard- and risk-based approaches for ensuring safety. In hazard-based approaches, simply the presence of a potentially harmful agent at a detectable level in food is used as a basis for legislation and/or risk management action. Risk-based approaches allow...

article 2015

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Unintended allergens in precautionary labelled and unlabelled products pose significant risks to UK allergic consumers

Remington, B.C. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author)

Background Allergens in food may pose a risk to allergic consumers. While there is EU regulation for allergens present as an ingredient, this is not the case for unintended allergen presence (UAP). Food companies use precautionary allergen labels to inform allergic individuals of a potential risk from UAPs. This study investigates the risk of an...

article 2015

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Precautionary allergen labelling: Perspectives from key stakeholder groups

DunnGalvin, A. (author), Chun-Han, C. (author), Crevel, R. (author), Grimshaw, K. (author), Poms, R. (author), Schnadt, S. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), Turner, P. (author), Allen, K.J. (author), Austin, M. (author), Baka, A. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Baumgartner, S. (author), Beyer, K. (author), Bucchini, L. (author), Fernández-Rivas, M. (author), Grinter, K. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Hourihane, J. (author), Kenna, F. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Lack, G. (author), Madsen, C.B. (author), Mills, E.N. (author), Papadopoulos, N.G. (author), Alldrick, A. (author), Regent, L. (author), Sherlock, R. (author), Wal, J.M. (author), Roberts, G. (author)

Precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) was introduced by the food industry to help manage and communicate the possibility of reaction from the unintended presence of allergens in foods. However, in its current form, PAL is counter-productive for consumers with food allergies. This review aims to summarise the perspectives of all the key...

article 2015

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Frequentie en oorzaak van onverwachte allergische reacties op voedsel [Frequency and cause of unexpected allergic reactions to food]

Michelsen-Huisman, A.D. (author), van Os-Medendorp, H. (author), Versluis, A. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Castenmiller, J.J.M. (author), Noteborn, H.P.J.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author)

Unexpected reactions occur in patients with food allergy, but frequency data are scare. This prospective study investigates the frequency, severity and causes of unexpected allergic reactions to food in adults with a doctor's diagnosed food allergy. Participants complete an online questionnaire after every unexpected reaction and send in the...

article 2014

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Actiegrenswaarden voor may contain-vermelding [Action levels for 'may contain' labelling]

Blom, W.M. (author), Knulst, A. (author), Houben, G.F. (author)

Food allergic patients average one unexpected allergic reaction per yeer. A major cause of reactions is the unintentional presence ofallergens in packaged foods as a result of cross contamination during production. Consumers encounter voluntary labeling alerts like "may contain traces of ..." which show a poor correlation with the actual...

article 2014

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Food allergy population thresholds: An evaluation of the number of oral food challenges and dosing schemes on the accuracy of threshold dose distribution modeling

Klein Entink, R.H. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Rubingh, C.M. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), Houben, G.F. (author)

For most allergenic foods, limited availability of threshold dose information within the population restricts the advice on action levels of unintended allergenic foods which should trigger advisory labeling on packaged foods.The objective of this paper is to provide guidance for selecting an optimal sample size for threshold dosing studies for...

article 2014

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A systematic review of the effect of thermal processing on the allergenicity of tree nuts

Masthoff, L.J. (author), Hoff, R. (author), Verhoeckx, K.C.M. (author), van Os-Medendorp, H. (author), Michelsen-Huisman, A. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Pasmans, S.G. (author), Meijer, Y. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author)

Background Allergenicity of foods can be influenced by processing. Tree nuts are an important source of nutrition and increasingly consumed; however, processing methods are quite variable and data are currently lacking on the effects of processing on allergenicity. Objective To perform a systematic literature review on the effects of food...

article 2013

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Double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges in children with alleged cow's milk allergy: Prevention of unnecessary elimination diets and determination of eliciting doses

Dambacher, W.M. (author), de Kort, E.H.M. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), de Vries, E. (author)

Background: Children with cow's milk allergy (CMA) need a cow's milk protein (CMP) free diet to prevent allergic reactions. For this, reliable allergy-information on the label of food products is essential to avoid products containing the allergen. On the other hand, both overzealous labeling and misdiagnosis that result in unnecessary...

article 2013

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Unexpected allergic reactions to food, a prospective study

Michelsen-Huisman, A.D. (author), van Os-Medendorp, H. (author), Versluis, A. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Castenmiller, J.J.M. (author), Noteborn, H.P.J.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author)

Unexpected reactions occur in patients with food allergy, but frequency data are scare. This prospective study investigates the frequency, severity and causes of unexpected allergic reactions to food in adults with a doctor's diagnosed food allergy. Participants complete an online questionnaire after every unexpected reaction and send in the...

article 2013

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Approaches to risk assessment in food allergy: Report from a workshop ''developing a framework for assessing the risk from allergenic foods"

Madsen, C.B. (author), Hattersley, S. (author), Buck, J. (author), Gendel, S.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Hourihane, J.OB. (author), Mackie, A. (author), Mills, E.N.C. (author), Nørhede, P. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

A workshop was organised to investigate whether risk assessment strategies and methodologies used in classical/conventional toxicology may be used for risk assessment of allergenic foods, to discuss the advantages and limitations of different approaches and to determine the research needed to move the area forward. Three possible approaches to...

article 2009

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Assessment of three human FcεRI-transfected RBL cell-lines for identifying IgE induced degranulation utilizing peanut-allergic patient sera and peanut protein extract

Ladics, G.S. (author), van Bilsen, J.H.M. (author), Brouwer, H.M.H. (author), Vogel, L. (author), Vieths, S. (author), Knippels, L.M.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), KvL (author)

Specific IgE sera screening studies are employed to investigate protein cross-reactivity. Such nonfunctional immunochemical methods cannot measure the biological activity of proteins. Therefore, an assay using RBL cells transfected with human FcεRI was developed. Our objective was to evaluate the degranulation of three cell-lines expressing...

article 2008

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Risk assessment and food allergy: The probabilistic model applied to allergens

Spanjersberg, M.Q.I. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Rennen, M.A.J. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

In order to assess the risk of unintended exposure to food allergens, traditional deterministic risk assessment is usually applied, leading to inconsequential conclusions as 'an allergic reaction cannot be excluded'. TNO therefore developed a quantitative risk assessment model for allergens based on probabilistic techniques resulting in a more...

article 2007