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Coulier, L. (author), Orbons, H.G.M. (author), Rijk, R. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)An analytical protocol was set up and successfully applied to study the food safety of recycled HDPE and PP crates. A worst-case scenario was applied that focused not only on overall migration and specific migration of accepted starting materials but also on migratable degradation products of polymers and additives that may be formed during...article 2007
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Brul, S. (author), Schuren, F. (author), Montijn, R. (author), Keijser, B.J.F. (author), van der Spek, H. (author), Oomes, S.J.C.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)In the food processing industry, unwanted occurrence and growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms is a key concern. A prime example is the extremely heat resistant bacterial endospores, microbial survival structures, that create problems due to their ability to survive classical thermal treatments and their ability to subsequently...article 2006
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de Jong, A.R. (author), Boumans, H. (author), Slaghek, T. (author), van Veen, J. (author), Rijk, R. (author), van Zandvoort, M.M.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This paper gives an overview of the legal consequences of a new EU framework regulation on food contact materials which includes controls on active and intelligent packaging. Recent developments in active and intelligent packaging systems are described, two examples of which aim at achieving improvements in quality and safety of food products....article 2005
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Smith, R.L. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), Hall, R.L. (author), Higley, N.A. (author), Lucas-Gavin, C. (author), Adams, T.B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A scientifically based guide has been developed to evaluate the safety of naturally occurring mixtures, particularly essential oils, for their intended use as flavor ingredients. The approach relies on the complete chemical characterization of the essential oil and the variability of the composition of the oil in the product intended for...article 2005
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Brul, S. (author), Keijser, B.J.F. (author), van der Spek, H. (author), Oomes, S.J.C.M. (author), Montijn, R. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Genomes are being sequenced at an ever-increasing pace. Also genomes of many of the microorganisms of concern to food safety are now known. The next step is of course how to exploit this information in an effective way. This article briefly introduces the issues in the food processing industry as far as microbial food spoilage and safety are...article 2005
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van den Hauwe, O. (author), Campbell, K. (author), Crooks, S.R.H. (author), Schilt, R. (author), van Peteghem, C.H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Within the framework of a European Union (EU) research project entitled "Food Safety Screening: Synthetic Glucocorticoids (QLK1-1999-00122)," an international interlaboratory ring test was organized to compare and evaluate different liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) confirmatory methods that are applied in European monitoring...article 2005
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Begley, T. (author), Castle, L. (author), Feigenbaum, A. (author), Franz, R. (author), Hinrichs, K. (author), Lickly, T. (author), Mercea, P. (author), Milana, M. (author), O'Brien, A. (author), Rebre, S. (author), Rijk, R. (author), Piringer, O. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)Materials and articles intended to come into contact with food must be shown to be safe because they might interact with food during processing, storage and the transportation of foodstuffs. Framework Directive 89/109/EEC and its related specific Directives provide this safety basis for the protection of the consumer against inadmissible...article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the ninth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to the...article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the ninth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to the...article 2005
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Adams, T.B. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Doull, J. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Wagner, B.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the eighth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Elements that are fundamental to...article 2005
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Feigenbaum, A. (author), Dole, P. (author), Aucejo, S. (author), Dainelli, D. (author), de la Cruz Garcia, C. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author), N'Gono, Y. (author), Papaspyrides, C.D. (author), Paseiro, P. (author), Pastorelli, S. (author), Pavlidou, S. (author), Pennarun, P.Y. (author), Saillard, P. (author), Vidal, L. (author), Vitrac, O. (author), Voulzatis, Y. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Functional barriers are multilayer structures deemed to prevent migration of some chemicals released by food-contact materials into food. In the area of plastics packaging, different migration behaviours of mono- and multilayer structures are assessed in terms of lag time and of their influence of the solubility of the migrants in food simulants...article 2005
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Bär, A. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Jonker, D. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Alpha-cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase (α-CGTase, EC 2.4.1.19) is an amylolytic enzyme used for the production of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), a novel, soluble dietary fiber, from food-grade starch. The safety of an α-CGTase preparation obtained by batch fermentation from a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli K12 harboring the α-CGTase gene from...article 2004
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König, A. (author), Cockburn, A. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), Debruyne, E. (author), Grafstroem, R. (author), Hammerling, U. (author), Kimber, I. (author), Knudsen, I. (author), Kuiper, H.A. (author), Peijnenburg, A.A.C.M. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Poulsen, M. (author), Schauzu, M. (author), Wal, J.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)This paper provides guidance on how to assess the safety of foods derived from genetically modified crops (GM crops); it summarises conclusions and recommendations of Working Group 1 of the ENTRANSFOOD project. The paper provides an approach for adapting the test strategy to the characteristics of the modified crop and the introduced trait, and...article 2004
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van den Eede, G. (author), Aarts, H. (author), Buhk, H.J. (author), Corthier, G. (author), Flint, H.J. (author), Hammes, W. (author), Jacobsen, B. (author), Midtvedt, T. (author), van der Vossen, J. (author), von Wright, A. (author), Wackernagel, W. (author), Wilcks, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)In 2000, the thematic network ENTRANSFOOD was launched to assess four different topics that are all related to the testing or assessment of food containing or produced from genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Each of the topics was linked to a European Commission (EC)-funded large shared cost action (see http://www.entransfood.com). Since the...article 2004
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Ladics, G.S. (author), Holsapple, M.P. (author), Astwood, J.D. (author), Kimber, I. (author), Knippels, L.M.J. (author), Helm, R.M. (author), Dong, W. (author)There is a need to assess the safety of foods deriving from genetically modified (GM) crops, including the allergenic potential of novel gene products. Presently, there is no single in vitro or in vivo model that has been validated for the identification or characterization of potential food allergens. Instead, the evaluation focuses on risk...article 2003
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Benner, M. (author), Linnemann, A.R. (author), Jongen, W.M.F. (author), Folstar, P. (author)Publications on the use of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) for the development of food products state that the method is potentially a useful tool. The use of QFD would enlarge the chance of success, produce higher quality products and decrease the cost and the development time. However, a scrutinous evaluation of the available literature...article 2003
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Kimber, I. (author), Dearman, R.J. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Knipples, L.M.J. (author), Buchanan, R.B. (author), Hammerberg, B. (author), Jackson, H.A. (author), Helm, R.M. (author)Because of the public concern surrounding the issue of the safety of genetically modified organisms, it is critical to have appropriate methodologies to aid investigators in identifying potential hazards associated with consumption of foods produced with these materials. A regent panel of experts convened by the Food and Agriculture Organization...article 2003
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Kroes, R. (author), Müller, D. (author), Lambe, J. (author), Löwik, M.R.H. (author), van Klaveren, J. (author), Kleiner, J. (author), Massey, R. (author), Mayer, S. (author), Urieta, I. (author), Verger, P. (author), Visconti, A. (author)Exposure assessment is one of the key parts of the risk assessment process. Only intake of toxicologically significant amounts can lead to adverse health effects even for a relatively toxic substance. In the case of chemicals in foods this is based on three major aspects: (i) how to determine quantitatively the presence of a chemical in...article 2002
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Jetten, J. (author), de Kruijf, N. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The aim of the project was to develop a comprehensive package of quality assurance criteria for use by the industry and by regulatory authorities to ensure the quality and safety-in-use (sensory, microbiological and chemical safety) of reused plastics for food packaging. The paper describes the investigations into potential adulteration effects...article 2002
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de Kruijf, N. (author), van Beest, M. (author), Rijk, R. (author), Sipiläinen-Malm, T. (author), Paseiro Losada, P. (author), de Meulenaer, B. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Changes in the way foods are produced, distributed, stored and retailed, reflecting the continuing increase in consumer demands for improved quality and extended shelf-life for packaged foods, are placing ever-greater demands on the performance of food packaging. Consumers want to be assured that the packaging is fulfilling its function of...article 2002