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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Wils, D. (author), Pasman, W.J. (author), Saniez, M.H. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: It is well documented that fermentation of carbohydrates that escape digestion exert several effects supposed to be beneficial for (colonic) health, including an increase in stool volume, a shorter intestinal transit time, production of short chain fatty acids and a decrease of colonic pH (Kritchevsky 1988). NUTRIOSE®FB is a dextrin...article 2005
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Delsing, D.J.M. (author), Post, S.M. (author), Groenendijk, M. (author), Solaas, K. (author), van der Boom, H. (author), van Duyvenvoorde, W. (author), de Wit, E.C.M. (author), Bloks, V.W. (author), Kuipers, F. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The present study was designed to investigate the lipid-lowering properties and mechanisms of action of a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, rosuvastatin, in female ApoE*3-Leiden transgenic mice. Mice received a high fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet containing either rosuvastatin (O [control], 0.00125%, 0.0025%, or 0.005% [w/w]) or 0.05% (w/w)...article 2005
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Kummeling, I. (author), Thijs, C. (author), Penders, J. (author), Snijders, B.E.P. (author), Stelma, F. (author), Reimerink, J. (author), Koopmans, M. (author), Dagnelie, P.C. (author), Huber, M. (author), Jansen, M.C.J.F. (author), de Bie, R. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)The aim of the KOALA Birth Cohort Study in the Netherlands is to identify factors that influence the clinical expression of atopic disease with a main focus on lifestyle (e.g., anthroposophy, vaccinations, antibiotics, dietary habits, breastfeeding and breast milk composition, intestinal microflora composition, infections during the first year...article 2005
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Hueber-Becker, F. (author), Nohynek, G.J. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Benech-Kieffer, F. (author), Toutain, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)We investigated the absorption of a commercial [14C]-PPD- containing oxidative dark-shade hair dye in human volunteers as well as in vitro using human or pig ear skin. The hair of eight male volunteers was cut to a standard length, dyed, washed, dried, clipped and collected. Hair, washing water, materials used in the study and a 24-h scalp wash...article 2004
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Kuijpers, M.H.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The effects of diet-induced acid-base disturbances were examined in 4-week, 13-week and 18-month toxicity studies, and in a 30-month carcinogenicity study. Rats were fed a natural ingredient diet (controls), supplemented with 2% or 4% KHCO3 (base-forming diets), or with 1% or 2.1% NH4Cl (acid-forming diets). Additional controls were fed 3% KCl ...article 2004
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The toxicity of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), a cyclic polymer of six α-1,4-linked glucopyranosyl units with potential applications as a food ingredient, more specifically a water-soluble dietary fiber, was examined in a 4-week range finding study and a 13-week oral toxicity study in rats. In the 4-week study, the test substance was administered to...article 2004
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Fox, T.E. (author), van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Atherton, C.A. (author), Dainty, J.R. (author), Lewis, D.J. (author), Langford, N.J. (author), Crews, H.M. (author), Luten, J.B. (author), Lorentzen, M. (author), Sieling, F.W. (author), van Aken-Schneyder, P. (author), Hoek, M. (author), Kotterman, M.J.J. (author), van Dael, P. (author), Firweather-Tail, S.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: To measure the bioavailability of selenium from cooked and raw fish in humans by estimating and comparing apparent absorption and retention of selenium in biosynthetically labelled fish with labelled selenate and biosynthetically labelled selenium in brewers yeast. Design: The intervention study was a parallel, randomised, reference...article 2004
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de Brabander, H.F. (author), Poelmans, S. (author), Schilt, R. (author), Stephany, R.W. (author), le Bizec, B. (author), Draisci, R. (author), Sterk, S.S. (author), van Ginkel, L.A. (author), Courtheyn, D. (author), van Hoof, N. (author), Macrì, A. (author), de Wasch, K. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The review summarizes current knowledge on the possible illegal use of the anabolic steroid boldenone. The presence of boldenone and metabolites in different animal species and the possibility of the occurrence of endogenous boldenone and metabolites is assessed, as are the methods of analysis used for detection. Different laboratories in the...article 2004
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Post, S.M. (author), Groenendijk, M. (author), Solaas, K. (author), Rensen, P.C.N. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Objective-Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (cyp7a1) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. To study the relationship between bile acid biosynthesis and triglyceride metabolism, we cross-bred mice lacking cyp7a1 on a hyperlipidemic APOE*3-Leiden background. Methods and Results-Female mice received a chow or...article 2004
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van Nuenen, M.H.M.C. (author), Venema, K. (author), van der Woude, J.C.J. (author), Kuipers, E.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The hypothesis was studied that intestinal microbial metabolites play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. For that purpose, an in vitro model of the colon was inoculated with fresh feces of six healthy individuals and eight inflammatory bowel disease patients. Samples were taken from the model over time to analyze...article 2004
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Benech-Kieffer, F. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Leclerc, C. (author), Roza, L. (author), Leclaire, J. (author), Nohynek, G. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The potential human health risk of UV filters depends on their toxicity and the human systemic exposure which is a function of the extent of percutaneous absorption of the topically applied substance into the human organism. Using a 'mass balance' approach, a study was designed to investigate the systemically absorbed dose of [14C]-Mexoryl SX®...article 2003
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Post, S.M. (author), de Crom, R. (author), van Haperen, R. (author), van Tol, A. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Objective - HDL plays a key role in protection against development of atherosclerosis by promoting reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissues to the liver for secretion into bile. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) promotes the transfer of phospholipids between lipoproteins and modulates HDL size and composition, thereby having a...article 2003
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Dommels, Y.E.M. (author), Heemskerk, S. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Alink, G.M. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), van Ommen, B. (author)Modulating effects of high fat fish oil (HFFO) and high fat corn oil (HFCO) diets on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were studied in male F344 rats following 8 weeks of dietary treatment. The incidence of AOM-induced ACF was significantly lower in the proximal colon of rats fed the HFFO diets compared with rats fed...article 2003
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Venema, K. (author), Maathuis, A.J.H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed for the identification of isolates of Bifidobacterium at the species level. Using two Bifidobacterium-specific primers directed against the 16S ribosomal gene (Bif164 and Bif662), a PCR product was obtained from the type strains of 12 different bifidobacterial species that have been...article 2003
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TNO BIBRA (author), Edwards, C.A. (author), Rumney, C. (author), Davies, M. (author), Parrett, A.M. (author), Dore, J. (author), Martin, F. (author), Schmitt, J. (author), Stahl, B. (author), Norin, E. (author), Midtvedt, T. (author), Rowland, I.R. (author), Heavey, P. (author), Köhler, H. (author), Stocks, B. (author), Schroten, H. (author)Objectives: Bacterial colonization of the infant gut may have important influences on the development of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and allergic disease. Early diet is a major determinant of the gut microflora. It is very difficult to carry out studies in human infants that can investigate the interaction of diet, flora, and mucosa. In this...article 2003
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TNO BIBRA (author), Scotter, M.J. (author), Castle, L. (author), Massey, R.C. (author), Brantom, P.G. (author), Cunninghame, M.E. (author)Five food-grade mineral hydrocarbon (MHC) materials; a low melting point wax (LMPW), a synthetic wax (C80W) and three white oils (N15H, N70H and P70H) were administered orally to female Fischer-344 rats for 28 and 90 days at a dose level of 2% in the diet. Tissues were examined at autopsy for any treatment-related histopathological changes. The...article 2003
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TNO Voeding (author), Venema, K. (author), van Nuenen, M.H.M.C. (author), van den Heuvel, E.G. (author), Pool, W. (author), van der Vossen, J.M.B.M. (author)The objective of this study was to compare the in vivo effect of lactulose on faecal parameters with the effect in a dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro model of the proximal large intestine (TIM-2). Faecal samples from 10 human volunteers collected before (non-adapted) and after 1 week of treatment (10 g/day) with lactulose (lactulose-adapted...article 2003
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Krul, C.A.M. (author), Humblot, C. (author), Philippe, C. (author), Vermeulen, M. (author), van Nuenen, M. (author), Havenaar, R. (author), Rabot, S. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Cruciferous vegetables, such as Brassica, which contain substantial quantities of glucosinolates, have been suggested to possess anticarcinogenic activity. Cutting and chewing of cruciferous vegetables releases the thioglucosidase enzyme myrosinase, which degrades glucosinolates to isothiocyanates and other minor metabolites. Cooking of...article 2002
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Valk, H. (author), Šebek, L.B.J. (author), Beynen, A.C. (author)Phosphorus (P) balance, and blood plasma P and saliva P concentrations were measured in multiparous dairy cows through two lactations and two dry periods. The cows were fed three amounts of P at either 100, 80 or 67% of the Dutch P recommendation, actually resulting in dietary P concentrations of 3.2 to 3.9, 2.6 to 2.9 and 2.2 to 2.6 g P/kg dry...article 2002
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Reichl, F.X. (author), Durner, J. (author), Kunzelmann, K.H. (author), Hickel, R. (author), Spahl, W. (author), Hume, W.R. (author), Moes, G.W.H (author), Kehe, K. (author), Walther, U. (author), Forth, W. (author)The excretion of the dental composite component triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) in feces and urine in vivo and, using the pendular perfusion technique with segments of jejunum and colon, the biliary and enteric excretion in situ were investigated in anesthetized guinea pigs. In the in situ experiments guinea pigs (n=4) received TEGDMA...article 2001