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Lu, Y. (author), Xu, J. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)This paper presents a numerical modelling study on the simulation of the cracking process and fracture energy in concrete under high strain rate. To capture the stress wave effect and the damage evolution at the meso-length scale, both a homogeneous model with a millimetre-resolution mesh and an explicit heterogeneous mesoscale model with random...conference paper 2013
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Carton, E.P. (author), Roebroeks, G.H.J.J. (author)During the interaction between a projectile and a target material the kinetic energy of the projectile is transferred into elastic and plastic deformation of both the projectile and target materials. Using a rigid penetrator the loss in kinetic energy is fully converted into energy absorbed by the target, both as kinetic and strain energy. Using...conference paper 2013
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Forquin, P. (author), Riedel, W. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)Owing to their low tensile failure strain, concrete is a difficult material to test under dynamic tensile loading. Indeed, conventional testing apparatuses such as high-speed hydraulic presses or Split Hopkinson Bar facilities rely on a mechanical balance of the specimen implying a short round-trip time in the specimen in comparison with the...bookPart 2013
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van der Wal, R. (author), Rahm, M. (author), Hiltz, J. (author), Claesson, A. (author), Boonacker, B. (author)Navies have been facing budget reductions over the past decade. Since crew size is a major cost driver, this has led to efforts to reduce manning on board naval ships. Traditionally, damage control and firefighting were manpower intensive operations. To enable crewing level reductions without compromising the ability to deal with damage and...conference paper 2013
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Khoe, Y.S. (author), Tyler Street, M.D. (author), Maravalalu Suresh, R.S. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)Protection against weapon effects like ballistic impacts, fragmenting shells and explosions is the core business of the Explosions, Ballistics and Protection department of TNO (The Netherlands). Experimental and numerical research is performed to gain and maintain the knowledge to support the Dutch MoD and the industry to evaluate and develop...conference paper 2013
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van Rooij, L. (author), Elrofai, H.B.H. (author), Philippens, M.M.G.M. (author), Daanen, H.A.M. (author)It is important to understand human kinematics and muscle activation patterns in emergency maneuvers for the design of safety systems and for the further development of human models. The objective of this study was to quantify kinematic behavior and muscle activation in simulated steering tests in several realistic conditions. In total 108 tests...article 2013
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Abadjieva, E. (author), Khoe, Y.S. (author)The interaction of thin ceramic tiles with AP8 (WC core, 7,62 mm) at 1000 m/s velocity has been studied experimentally and numerically. “Thin” ceramic tiles refers here to ratio of the tile thickness (t) to the projectile diameter, (d), t/d@ 1, as they are both in the same order. The method applied to visualize the penetration dynamics has been...conference paper 2013
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van der Voort, M.M. (author), Hooijmeijer, P.A. (author), Meuken, B. (author), Scholtes, J.H.G. (author), Makkus, J.C. (author), de Klerk, W.P.C. (author)A mass detonation of stored ammunition may lead to devastating injury, material damage, and asset loss. Such a scenario can be initiated by an external (fragment or bullet) impact, or the detonation of nearby ammunition articles, leading to sympathetic reaction/detonation. At a military base, sympathetic reactions between storage modules are...public lecture 2013
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Weerheijm, J. (author), van Breugel, K. (author)The strength of concrete is its heterogeneous composition. It is a system that is formed by the chemical process of hydration, producing crystalline and amorphous reaction products interlocking and binding the aggregates together. The material grows in time, resulting in a resilient system that is sufficiently strong to carry loads but can also...bookPart 2013
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Abadjieva, E. (author), Carton, E.P. (author)The ballistic behavior of four different armor ceramic materials with thicknesses varying from 3 mm to 14 mm has been investigated. These are two types of alumina Al2O3 armor grades and two types of SiC armor grades produced by different armor ceramic producers. The ballistic study has been performed using the standard DoP technique with two...conference paper 2013
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Agar-Ozbek, A.S. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), Schlangen, E. (author), van Breugel, K. (author)Porous concrete incorporates a high percentage of meso-size air voids that makes its mechanical characteristics remarkably different from normal concrete. A research project was undertaken to design a special type of porous concrete, that fractures into small fragments when exposed to impact loading while having sufficient static strength, to be...article 2013
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Verreault, J. (author), van Hinsberg, N.P. (author), Abadjieva, E. (author)An analytical model that describes the PELE fragmentation dynamics is presented and compared with experimental results from literature. The model accounts for strong shock effects and detailed interactions taking place between the filling – the inner core of the ammunition – and the target (including shock wave, expansion wave, free surface and...conference paper 2013
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Bouma, R.H.B. (author), Duvalois, W. (author), van der Heijden, A.E.D.M. (author)Three batches of the commercial energetic material RDX, as received from various production locations and differing in sensitivity towards shock initiation, have been characterized with different microscopic techniques in order to visualize the defect content in these crystals. The RDX crystals are embedded in an epoxy matrix and cross-sectioned...article 2013
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The response of concrete under tensile loading is crucial for most applications because concrete is much weaker in tension than in compression. Understanding the response mechanisms of concrete under tensile conditions is therefore key to understanding and using concrete in structural applications. Understanding the tensile properties of...book 2013
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Boot, H. (author), van der Voort, M.M. (author)Predicting potential consequences of Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCEs) has always been an important issue in safety assessments, because of the devastating damage that this phenomenon can create on (petro chemical) production sites. Although the TNO Multi-Energy method has been recognized as one of the best methods to predict blast overpressures of...conference paper 2013
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- Diederen, A.M. (author) conference paper 2013
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- Diederen, A.M. (author) conference paper 2013
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Weerheijm, J. (author), Forquin, P. (author)The response of concrete up to complete failure in tension is represented in the load deformation relation. The characteristic parameters are the ultimate strength, stiffness in the ascending branch and the fracture energy. All these parameters depend on concrete composition and environmental conditions, as discussed in the previous chapters....bookPart 2013
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van der Voort, M.M. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)The handling of explosives and ammunition introduces a safety risk for personnel and third parties. Accidents related to storage, transport and transshipment may result in severe injury and material damage. Dispersion of structural debris is one of the main hazards resulting from detonations inside structures. Reliable prediction models for...article 2013
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- Weerheijm, J. (author) bookPart 2013