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Fan, J.T. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), Sluys, L.J. (author)The dynamic mechanical behaviour of a soft polymer material (Clear Flex 75) was studied using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus. Mechanical properties have been determined at moderate to high strain rates. Real time deformation and fracture were recorded using a high-speed camera. Fracture micrographs were examined to explore the...article 2015
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Brust, H. (author), Koeberg, M. (author), van der Heijden, A. (author), Wiarda, W. (author), Mügler, I. (author), Schrader, M. (author), Vivo-Truyols, G. (author), Schoenmakers, P. (author), van Asten, A. (author)Ammonium nitrate (AN) is frequently encountered in explosives in forensic casework. It is widely available as fertilizer and easy to implement in explosive devices, for example by mixing it with a fuel. Forensic profiling methods to determine whether material found on a crime scene and material retrieved from a suspect arise from the same source...article 2015
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Kroon, E.J. (author), van Ham, N.H.A. (author), Bouma, R.H.B. (author)This report provides an inventory of the pistols and fuzes found in Dutch soil. The numbers are based on a PLANON digital database query, a questionnaire to (former) EOD personnel and a database search for bombardments on cities and airfields. The anticipated sensitivity to vibrations is given. Ageing of the energetic materials and mechanical...report 2015
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Dorsch, H. (author), Sohn, H. (author), Boonacker, B. (author), Duvall, P. (author)Effects of munitions during operations in urban terrain are critical not only for enemy and allied soldiers but also to civilians. Besides the primary weapon effects caused by penetrating fragments, and blast overpressure; secondary effects from wall debris may contribute to the damage process. To identify valuable topics on personnel vulnerabil...conference paper 2015
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van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), van der Jagt, M.J. (author)The growing world population, the ongoing urbanization, the ever increasing size, height and complexity of large scale built infrastructures lead to higher risks with respect to natural and manmade threats. in case of a real incident, the number of casualties and injured people and the amount of damage is iarger, unless the resilience of the...conference paper 2015
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Bedon, C.C.K. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Millon, O. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author), Williams, A. (author)It is important to protect critical buildings (shopping centres, government buildings and embassies), infrastructure and utilities, train and underground stations from being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. Normal regulations and building guidelines do not generally take...report 2015
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Weerheijm, J. (author), Roebroeks, G. (author), Krabbenborg, D. (author), Agar Ozbek, A.S. (author)A special porous concrete has been developed by the Delft University in collaboration with TNO. The concrete has a static compressive strength of 45 MPa. It fragments at impact into small size debris relative to reference concrete. The porous concrete was developed at laboratory scale and tested at small scale. In collaboration with the Military...conference paper 2015
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van der Voort, M.M. (author), van Wees, R.M.M. (author), Brouwer, S.D. (author), van der Jagt-Deutekom, M.J. (author), Verreault, J. (author)Forensic analysis of explosions consists of determining the point of origin, the explosive substance involved, and the charge mass. Within the EU fP7 project Hyperion, TNO developed the Inverse Explosion Analysis (TNO-IEA) tool to estïmate the charge mass and point of origin based on observed damage around an explosion. In this paper inverse...article 2015
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Tang, L. (author), Walters, C.L. (author), van den Heuvel, W. (author), van Daelen, E.C.M. (author)Failure prediction in crash analyses of ships has traditionally made use of an equation that relates the failure strain to the gage length and material thickness. The equation is derived based on the idea that a neck ( a localization of strain) is a fixed size relative to the thickness and that it can be homogenized over a larger gage section....conference paper 2015
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Scholtes, J.H.G. (author), Hooijmeijer, P.A. (author)A former study was dedicated to relating basic Insensitive Munitions behaviour to an operational context. At TNO, a toolbox with a series of engineering tools has been developed, but improvements are added on a regular bases. These tools focus on the mechanisms that occur in munition articles exposed to a range of IM-related threats (bullet,...conference paper 2015
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van Hulst, M. (author)For training and education of law enforcement and military personnel the use of realistic ammunition and their actual weapons is important. During these training and educational sessions the trainers as well as the shooters themselves are exposed to the products emitted by firing the ammunition. The legislation regarding occupational safety and...conference paper 2015
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Verreault, J. (author), Day, J.P.R. (author), Halswijk, W.H.C. (author), Loiseau, J. (author), Huneault, J. (author), Higgins, A.J. (author), Devir, A.D. (author)Laboratory experiments of hypervelocity impacts on aluminum, nylon and high-explosive targets are presented. Spectral measurements of the impact flash are recorded, together with radiometric measurements to derive the temperature of the flash. Such experiments aim at demonstrating that the impact flash produced by a ballistic missile...article 2015
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van der Voort, M.M. (author), van Wees, R.M.M. (author), Brouwer, S.D. (author), van der Jagt-Deutekom, M.J. (author), Verreault, J. (author)Forensic analysis of explosions consists of determining the point of origin, the explosive substance involved, and the charge mass. Within the EU FP7 project Hyperion, TNO developed the Inverse Explosion Analysis (TNO-IEA) tool to estimate the charge mass and point of origin based on observed damage around an explosion. In this paper inverse...conference paper 2015
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von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Aarts, G. (author), Sertlek, H.O. (author), Lucke, K. (author), Verboom, W.C. (author), Kastelein, R.A. (author), Ketten, D.R. (author), van Bemmelen, R. (author), Lam, F.P.A. (author), Kirkwood, R. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)(UXO) are still present in the North Sea. UXO are frequently accidentally encountered by fishermen and dredging vessels. Out of concern for human safety and to avoid damage to equipment and infrastructure from uncontrolled explosions, most reported UXO found in the Dutch Continental Shelf (DCS) are detonated in a controlled way. These underwater...article 2015
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Fan, J.T. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), Sluys, L.J. (author)The dynamic tensile mechanical response of a soft polymer material (Clear Flex 75) is investigated using a split Hopkinson tension bar (SHTB). Stress-strain relations are derived to reveal the mechanical properties at moderate and high strain rates. These relations appear to be rate dependent. Under static loading, the polymer exhibits an...article 2015
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van der Voort, M.M. (author), van Wees, R.M.M. (author), Brouwer, S.D. (author), van der Jagt-Deutekom, M.J. (author), Verreault, J. (author)Forensic analysis of explosions consists of determining the point of origin, the explosive substance involved, and the charge mass. Within the EU FP7 project Hyperion, TNO developed the Inverse Explosion Analysis (TNO-IEA) tool to estimate the charge mass and point of origin based on observed damage around an explosion. In this paper inverse...conference paper 2015
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di Benedetto, G.L. (author), van Ramshorst, M.C.J. (author), Duvalois, W. (author), Hooijmeijer, P.A. (author), van der Heijden, A.E.D.M. (author), de Klerk, W.P.C. (author)A tensile module system placed within a FEI NovaNanoSEM 650 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was utilized in this work to conduct in-situ tensile testing of propellant material samples. This tensile module system allows for real-time in-situ SEM analysis of the samples to determine the failure mechanism of the propellant material under tensile...conference paper 2015
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Fan, J.T. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), Sluys, L.J. (author)The glass interface effect on dynamic tensile response of a soft polyurethane elastomeric polymer material has been investigated by subjecting a glass-polymer system of this polymer material matrix embedded a single 3 mm-diameter glass particle to impact loading in a split Hopkinson tension bar (SHTB) setup. The characteristics of the dynamic...article 2015
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Vegt, I. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)The mechanical response of concrete is represented in the load-deformation curve which shows the response up to maximum strength as well as the post-peak response up to complete failure. Dynamic tests exhibit an extensive rate effect on the tensile strength beyond loading rates of about 50 GPa/s (strain rates > 1/s). Whether the apparent...conference paper 2015
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Verreault, J. (author), van der Voort, M.M. (author)Multi-layered materials with alternating impedances as a mean to mitigate sympathetic detonation is considered in this investigation by studying the wave scattering and energy absorption phenomena. This is achieved using an analytical wave-tracking model that accounts for the different wave interactions within and at the interface of each layer....conference paper 2015