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TNO Voeding (author), Eggen, R.I.L. (author), Bengtsson, B.E. (author), Bowmer, C.T. (author), Gerritsen, A.A.M. (author), Gibert, M. (author), Hylland, K. (author), Johnson, A.C. (author), Leonards, P. (author), Nakari, T. (author), Norrgren, L. (author), Sumpter, J.P. (author), Suter, M.J.F. (author), Svenson, A. (author), Pickering, A.D. (author)Between January 1999 and December 2001, the European Community project COMPREHEND was performed. The overall aim of COMPREHEND was to assess endocrine disruption in the aquatic environment in Europe, consequent to effluent discharge, with emphasis on estrogenic activity. COMPREHEND demonstrated the widespread occurrence of estrogenic effluents...article 2003
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Kiely, M. (author), Faughnan, M. (author), Wähälä, K. (author), Brants, H. (author), Mulligan, A. (author)The objective of the Vegetal Estrogens in Nutrition and the Skeleton (VENUS) project was to evaluate existing data on dietary exposure to compounds with oestrogenic and anti-oestrogenic effects present in plant foods as constituents or contaminants, and to identify and disseminate in vitro and in vivo methodologies to analyse the effects of such...article 2003
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Valtueña, S. (author), Cashman, K. (author), Robins, S.P. (author), Cassidy, A. (author), Kardinaal, A. (author), Branca, F. (author)Research on the bone effects of natural phyto-oestrogens after menopause is at a relatively early stage. Published studies are few, difficult to compare and often inconclusive, due in part to design weaknesses. Currently, many questions remain to be answered including to what extent a safe daily intake may prevent postmenopausal bone loss. These...article 2003
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- TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Peters, R.J.B. (author) report 2003
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Skouby, S.O. (author), Jespersen, J. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Lowe, G.D.O. (author), Norris, L. (author), Stevenson, J. (author), Samsioe, G. (author)Oral contraceptives (OCs) have a wide spread use and hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) a clear place in the treatment of climacteric symptoms although its long-term use is under continued evaluation. Unbalanced information from the mass media has presented a negative attitude towards the use of female hormones in relation to cardiovascular...article 2003
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de Beer, F. (author), Stalenhoef, A.F.H. (author), Hoogerbrugge, N. (author), Kastelein, J.J.P. (author), Leuven, J.A.G. (author), van Duijn, C.M. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Smelt, A.H.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) is mainly found in homozygous carriers of apolipoprotein E2 (apoE2, Arg158→Cys). Only a small percentage (<5%) of these apoE2 homozygotes develops hyperlipidemia, indicating that additional environmental and genetic factors contribute to the expression of type III HLP. In the present study, first, the...article 2002
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Prinsen, M.K. (author), Gouko, N. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)In Japan there is growing concern about the possible adverse effects of consumption of food from styrene containers (mainly those made from polystyrene paper) due to the alleged oestrogenic activity of styrene oligomers (dimers and trimers), which may migrate into the food. To examine the possible oestrogenic activity of styrene dimers and...article 2001
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Giltay, E.J. (author), Gooren, L.J.G. (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Oral estrogen administration decreases plasma levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), which may be explained by a decrease in endothelial tPA synthesis, an increase in its hepatic clearance, or both. In the present study, we determined (1) differences between oral (ie, via the liver) ethinyl estradiol and transdermal (ie, systemic)...article 2000
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- TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Kooistra, T. (author) article 2000
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van Baal, W.M. (author), Kenemans, P. (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Schalkwijk, C.G. (author), Mijatovic, V. (author), van der Mooren, M.J. (author), Vischer, U.M. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Objective: To study the effects of combined hormone replacement therapy on markers of endothelial function and inflammatory activity. Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. Setting: Academic hospital. Patient(s): Healthy postmenopausal women with an intact uterus. Intervention(s): For the first 12 months, the hormone replacement...article 1999
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Gimeno, S. (author), Bowmer, C.T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The assessment of risks to the aquatic environment in the European Union is generally based on a comparison of Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PEC) with Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNEC) for surrogate, or `representative', organisms of the receiving waters. Such risk assessments are required for new and priority existing...conference paper 1999
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de Valk-de Roo, G.W. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), Meijer, P. (author), Mijatovic, V. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Kenemans, P. (author), Cohen, F. (author), Watts, S. (author), Netelenbos, C. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Currently raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is being investigated as a potential alternative for postmenopausal hormone replacement to prevent osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. We compared the 2-year effects of raloxifene on a wide range of cardiovascular risk factors with those of placebo and conjugated equine...article 1999
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Turnbull, D. (author), Frankos, V.H. (author), Leeman, W.R. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)To test for potential estrogenic activity of plant stanols and plant stanol esters, two short-term tests were performed. These were the E-screen test, which measures a substance's ability to induce proliferation of estrogen-responsive human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells in culture, and an in vivo test, which measures uterotrophic activity...article 1999
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Gaubius instituut TNO (author), Koopen, N.R. (author), Post, S.M. (author), Wolters, H. (author), Havinga, R. (author), Stellaard, F. (author), Boverhof, R. (author), Kuipers, F. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author)Effects of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE) on the neutral and acidic biosynthetic pathways of bile salt (BS) synthesis were evaluated in rats with an intact enterohepatic circulation and in rats with long-term bile diversion to induce BS synthesis. For this purpose, bile salt pool composition, synthesis of individual BS in vivo, hepatic activities...article 1999
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Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Morton, M.S. (author), Brüggemann-Rotgans, I.E.M. (author), van Beresteijn, E.C.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: The hypothesis was tested that the rate of postmenopausal bone loss is inversely associated with long-term urinary excretion of phyto-oestrogens, as a marker of habitual dietary intake. Design: Secondary analysis of a 10-year follow-up study (1979-1989) among postmenopausal women in the Netherlands. Subjects: From the original...article 1998
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Gimeno, S. (author), Komen, H. (author), Gerritsen, A.G.M. (author), Bowmer, T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In recent years, a hierarchy of techniques has become available for detecting chemicals which may cause endocrinearticle 1998
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Massé, P.G. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Livingstone, M.M. (author), Duguay, C. (author), Beaulieu, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)The present study was aimed to assess the psychological status of young healthy women after the administration of a triphasic contraceptive steroid preparation for six complete menstrual cycles. Subjects had never used oral contraceptives (OC) and had neither a familial history of depression nor psychological disturbances. OC-induced...article 1998
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Gimeno, S. (author), Komen, H. (author), Jobling, S. (author), Sumpter, J. (author), Bowmer, T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Sexually mature male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed for a 3-month period to sublethal concentrations of 4-tert-pentylphenol (TPP) and to 17β-estradiol (E2) during spermatogenesis. This was part of a broad research programme investigating the effects of TPP on the life stages of the carp which might prove susceptible to endocrine...article 1998
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de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Haverkate, F. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)On October 1, 1997, a 1 day hot-topic workshop on C-reactive protein (CRP) was organized in Leiden, the Netherlands, aiming at further evaluating the importance of inflammation as a critical mechanism in cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein that is associated with risk of cardiovascular events in healthy...article 1998
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Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Yaun, S.-S. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Folsom, A.R. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Graham, S. (author), Holmberg, L. (author), Howe, G.R. (author), Marshall, J.R. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Potter, J.D. (author), Speizer, F.E. (author), Willett, W.C. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective. - To assess the risk of invasive breast cancer associated with total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption and to evaluate whether dietary and nondietary factors modify the association. Data Sources. - We included in these analyses 6 prospective studies that had at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessed long-term intake...article 1998