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Denier van der Gon, H.A.C. (author), Appelman, W. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Large-scale use of leaded gasoline was an important source of the neurotoxin lead in the European environment. After a sequence of regulations on the allowed gasoline lead content and, eventually, a ban on the use of lead additives in gasoline, road transport was no longer considered a source of atmospheric lead. Currently a discrepancy exists...article 2009
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Hofmann, K.M. (author), Gavrila, D.M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)We present a system for the estimation of unconstrained 3D human upper body movement from multiple cameras. Its main novelty lies in the integration of three components: single-frame pose recovery, temporal integration and model adaptation. Single-frame pose recovery consists of a hypothesis generation stage, where candidate 3D poses are...conference paper 2009
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van Buuren, S. (author), Hayes, D.J. (author), Stasinopoulos, D.M. (author), Rigby, R.A. (author), ter Kuile, F.O. (author), Terlouw, D.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Regional or national growth distributions can provide vital information on the health status of populations. In most resource poor countries, however, the required anthropometric data from purpose-designed growth surveys are not readily available. We propose a practical method for estimating regional (multi-country) age-conditional weight...article 2009
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Gryzlov, A. (author), Leskens, M. (author), Mudde, R.F. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)An assessment of the time-integration scheme impact on results of data assimilation based on the extended Kalman filter approach is performed. The use of the implicit Euler scheme, which is unconditionally stable for the whole range of time steps both for the model and covariance update, results in a less accurate estimation of permeability...conference paper 2009
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van der Meer, L.G.H. (author), Yavuz, F. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Estimating the capacity of a geological formation to store CO2 is not a straightforward or simple process. Bradshaw [1] has recently listed various estimations for both regional and global CO2 storage capacity. The estimations were quoted as "very large" with ranges for the estimates in the order of 100 s to 10,000 s Gt of CO2. Clearly this work...article 2009
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Sijs, J. (author), Lazar, M. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)To reduce the amount of data transfer in networked control systems and wireless sensor networks, measurements are usually taken only when an event occurs, rather than at each synchronous sampling instant. However, this complicates estimation and control problems considerably. The goal of this paper is to develop a state estimation algorithm that...conference paper 2009
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van Zon, A.T. (author), Evers, L. (author), van Vossen, R. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute has continuously operated an outdoor atmospheric infrasound array containing 37 pairs of particle velocity sensors (Microflown) and 6 pressure sensors in the north of the Netherlands in the fall of 2008. As initial results, we detected transients caused by distant aircrafts and calculated their...conference paper 2009
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Leskens, M. (author), de Kruif, B. (author), Belfroid, S.P.C. (author), Smeulers, J.P.M. (author), Gryzlov, A. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)Multiphase flow meters are indispensable tools for achieving optimal operation and control of wells as these meters deliver real-time information about their performance. For example, multiphase flow meters located downhole can improve the production of multilateral and multizone wells by timely allocating the zone where a gas or water cone...conference paper 2008
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Sijs, J. (author), Lazar, M. (author), van den Bosch, P.P.J. (author), Papp, Z. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)The usage of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for state-estimation has recently gained increasing attention due to its cost effectiveness and feasibility. One of the major challenges of state-estimation via WSNs is the distribution of the centralized state-estimator among the nodes in the network. Significant emphasis has been on developing non...conference paper 2008
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Lawniczak, W. (author), Hanea, R.G. (author), Heemink, A.W. (author), McLaughlin, D. (author), Jansen, J.D. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Since the first version of Kalman Filter was introduced in 1960 it received a lot of attention in mathematical and engineering world. There are many successful successors like for example Ensemble Kalman Filter (Evensen 1996) which has been applied also for reservoir engineering problems. The method proposed in [Zhou et al. 2007] draws together...conference paper 2008
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Jonkman, S.N. (author), Vrijling, J.K. (author), Vrouwenvelder, A.C.W.M. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)This article deals with methods for the estimation of loss of life due to flooding. These methods can be used to assess the flood risks and to identify mitigation strategies. The first part of this article contains a comprehensive review of existing literature. Methods have been developed for different types of floods in different regions. In...article 2008
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Muntendam-Bos, A.G. (author), Kroon, I.C. (author), Fokker, P.A. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)We introduce a novel, time-dependent inversion scheme for resolving temporal reservoir pressure drop from surface subsidence observations (from leveling or GPS data, InSAR, tiltmeter monitoring) in a single procedure. The theory is able to accommodate both the absence of surface subsidence estimates at sites at one or more epochs as well as the...article 2008
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Leeuwenburgh, O. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)The assimilation of high-quality in situ data into ocean models is known to lead to imbalanced analyses and spurious circulations when the model dynamics or the forcing contain systematic errors. Use of a bias estimation and correction scheme has been shown to significantly improve the balance of the analysed states in such cases. Given the...article 2008
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Snijder, H.H. (author), Hoenderkamp, J.C.D. (author), Bakker, M. (author), Steenbergen, H.M.G.M. (author), de Louw, C.H.M. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Channel sections are widely used in practice as beams. However, design rules for eccentrically loaded (not through shear centre) beams with channel cross-sections are not available in Eurocode 3. In this paper five proposed design rules are summarised, explained and their validity is checked by Finite Element analyses. The design rules yield...article 2008
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Dubbelman, G. (author), van der Mark, W. (author), Groen, F.C.A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)A novel robust visual-odometry technique, called EM-SE(3) is presented and compared against using the random sample consensus (RANSAC) for ego-motion estimation. In this contribution, stereo-vision is used to generate a number of minimal-set motion hypothesis. By using EM-SE(3), which involves expectation maximization on a local linearization of...conference paper 2008
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de Kruif, B.J. (author), Leskens, M. (author), van der Linden, R. (author), Alberts, G.J.N. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)Real-time monitoring of downhole oil, gas and water flows in wells can significantly improve the production performance of these wells when this flow rate information is used to manipulate inflow control valves. An example of this is the allocation of a gas or water cone to its entrance point in a multilateral well, allowing to close down the...conference paper 2008
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Marquart, H. (author), Heussen, H. (author), Le Feber, M. (author), Noy, D. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), West, J. (author), van der Schaaf, D. (author)In the scope of a Dutch programme to reinforce the working conditions policy on hazardous substances, an internet-based tool was developed to help small- and medium-sized companies to handle hazardous substances with more care. The heart of this tool, called the Stoffenmanager, is a risk banding scheme. It combines a hazard banding scheme...article 2008
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van Leeuwen, D.A. (author), Brümmer, N. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)In the evaluation of speaker recognition systems - an important part of speaker classification [1], the trade-off between missed speakers and false alarms has always been an important diagnostic tool. NIST has defined the task of speaker detection with the associated Detection Cost Function (DCF) to evaluate performance, and introduced the DET...conference paper 2007
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Verreault, J. (author), DeChamplain, A. (author), Mayer, A.E.H.J. (author), Veraar, R.G. (author), Stowe, R.A. (author), Farinaccio, R. (author), Harris, P.G. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This work presents a design for a shock-induced combustion experiment using a two-angle cone configuration. Three injector geometries were considered: a cone surface, a dual stage configuration with rectangular gaps (DSRG) and a cylindrical ramp (CR). Four parameters were investigated: the penetration height, the mixing efficiency, the control...conference paper 2007
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Groen, E.L. (author), Smaïli, M.H. (author), Hosman, R.J.A.W. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)In this flight simulator study, eleven pilots rated their motion perception during a series of decrab maneuvers of a twin-engine passenger aircraft. Simulator yaw, sway, and roll motion were varied independently to examine their relative contribution to the pilots judgments. In one set of conditions, the washout algorithms were bypassed so as...article 2007