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- Nijdam, D.S. (author), van Loon, M.M.J. (author), Brouwer, J.G.H. (author), Peek, C.J. (author), Instituut voor Milieu- en Energietechnologie TNO (author) report 1999
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Olivier, J.G.J. (author), Bouwman, A.F. (author), Berdowski, J.J.M. (author), Veldt, C. (author), Bloos, J.P.J. (author), Visschedijk, A.J.H. (author), van der Maas, C.W.M. (author), Zandveld, P.Y.J. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)A set of global greenhouse gas emission inventories has been compiled per source category for the 1990 annual emissions of the direct greenhouse gases CO2, CH4 and N2O, as well as of the indirect greenhouse gases (ozone precursors) CO, NOx and NMVOC, and of SO2. The inventories are available by sector, both on a per country/region basis and on a...article 1999
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Bakker, F. (author), Geusebroek, M. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author), Khlystov, A. (author), Vermeulen, A.T. (author)Emissions of traffic contribute to a large extent to the health effectsof air pollution. It is still uncertain how much of these effects are due to aerosols and whether chemical composition or just the number of particles are important. The interactions between gaseous and particulate matter in the atmosphere requires that scientific studies...other 1999
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Olivier, J.G.J. (author), Bloos, J.P.J. (author), Berdowski, J.J.M. (author), Visschedijk, A.J.H. (author), Bouwman, A.F. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)A global emission inventory of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions with 1° × 1° latitude-longitude resolution was compiled for 1990 on a sectoral basis. The sectoral sources considered include large-scale biomass burning (29%, of which savanna burning, 18%, and deforestation, 11%), fossil fuel combustion (27%, predominantly in road transport),...article 1999
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Pulles, M.P.J. (author), Marekova, K. (author), Svetlik, J. (author), Skalala, J. (author), TNO Milieu Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Compiling a National Emission Inventory using the CollectER and ReportER software systemreport 1999
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Pulles, M.P.J. (author), Marekova, K. (author), Svetlik, J. (author), Skalala, J. (author), TNO Milieu Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Compiling a National Emission Inventory using the CollectER and ReportER software systemreport 1999
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Bluyssen, P.M. (author), Cox, C.W.J. (author), TNO Bouw (author)Klimaatinstallaties kunnen in sommige gevallen een niet onbelangrijke bron van binnenluchtverontreiniging zijn. Met onderzoek is aangetoond dat de verontreinigingsbronnen in de klimaatinstallatie vaak het zakken-filter is. Huidige criteria voor het vervangen van filters houden geen rekening met eventuele sensorische en biologische vervuiling van...article 1999
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- Pulles, M.P.J. (author), Marekova, K. (author), Scetlik, J. (author), Skalala, J. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author) report 1999
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van de Weijer, C.J.T. (author), Rijkeboer, R.C. (author), TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author)In the development of the new emission reduction technologies, the benefits of the use of these technologies must be assessed for real-life engine use. As in practice engines are developed to perform as good as possible on the approval test cycle on the basis of which emission limits are set, it is of the utmost importance that the engine load...conference paper 1999
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- Pulles, M.P.J. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author) conference paper 1999
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Guicherit, R. (author), Bakker, D.J. (author), de Voogt, P. (author), van den Berg, F. (author), van Dijk, H.F.G. (author), van Pul, W.A.J. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)The Health Council of the Netherlands organised an international workshop on the fate of pesticides in the atmosphere and possible approaches for their regulatory environmental risk assessment. Approximately forty experts discussed what is currently known about the atmospheric fate of pesticides and major gaps in our understanding were...article 1999
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Atkinson, R. (author), Guicherit, R. (author), Hites, R.A. (author), Palm, W.U. (author), Seiber, J.N. (author), de Voogt, P. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)The current knowledge about transformation rates and products of pesticides in the atmosphere is reviewed. Reactive species and their concentrations in the atmosphere are presented. Reactions of pesticides with these species (including photolysis) in the gas and the particulate phase are evaluated from available experimental data. The potential...article 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Anderson, T. (author)The issue of green certificates has received much attention in the recentyear. In a system of green certificates, producers of renewable electricity receive a certificate for each pre-defined unit of electricity produced. Such a certificate represents the 'greenness', or in more general terms the 'societal value' of the production of electricity...report 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Gielen, D.J. (author), Gerlagh, T. (author)In recent years, the Western European MARKAL-model has been extended witha materials system module covering the whole life cycle 'from cradle to grave'. The model including energy and materials is called MATTER 1.0. This document describes a further extension with an agricultural model, called MATTER 2.0. Ten agricultural crop types are...report 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Gielen, D.J. (author), Groenendaal, B.J. (author)MARKAL-MATTER model results regarding the impact of greenhouse gaspolicies on the petrochemical industry in Western Europe are discussed from an integrated chain perspective. The MARKAL-MATTER model gives insight how different technologies might develop in the next decades at different emission permit prices. First, the present situation in the...report 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Lako, P. (author), Beeldman, M. (author), van Dril, A.W.N. (author), Menkveld, M. (author), Harmelink, M.G.M. (author), Feimann, P.F.L. (author), Annema, J.A.A. (author), d. Vries, H.J.M. (author)-report 1999
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- van Dril, A.W.N. (author), Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author) report 1999
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TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), van Dijk, S.M. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author)Nitric oxide (NO) fluxes to the atmosphere were determined from different soil types in coniferous forest and deciduous forest in the Netherlands. Dynamic chambers were used to determine the emission every week throughout a year. Forest type and soil texture are important parameters leading to large differences in fluxes between sites. High...article 1999
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- TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Heslinga, D.C. (author), Coenen, P.W.H.G. (author), Jonker, W.J. (author) report 1999
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Roemer, M. (author), Builtjes, P. (author), Esser, P. (author), Guicherit, R. (author), Thijsse, T. (author)Measurements of C2-C5 hydrocarbons on an hourly basis at the TNO site in Delft from 1982 to 1984 and at Moerdijk over the period 1981-1991 are presented. In combination with meteorological data (wind direction and wind speed) the Delft and Moerdijk series are evaluated to identify source categories, annual variations, background concentrations...article 1999