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Woelders, H. (author), de Wit, A. (author), Lourens, A. (author), Stockhofe, N. (author), Engel, B. (author), Hulsegge, I. (author), Schokker, D. (author), van Heijningen, P. (author), Vossen, S. (author), Bekers, D.J. (author), Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author)The objective of this study is to investigate possible biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) as used in modern wireless telecommunication in a wellcontrolled experimental environment using chicken embryo development as animal model. Chicken eggs were incubated under continuous experimental exposure to GSM (1.8 GHz)...article 2017
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Naus, H.W.L. (author), Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author)The reception of electromagnetic signals depends on the polarisation matching of the transmitting and receiving antenna. The practical matching differs from the theoretical one because of the noise deterioration of the transmitted and eventually received electromagnetic field. In other applications, the polarisation parameters of the receiving...article 2014
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Westerveld, W.J. (author), Leinders, S.M. (author), van Dongen, K.W.A. (author), Urbach, H.P. (author), Yousefi, M. (author)Marcatili's famous approximate analytical description of light propagating through rectangular dielectric waveguides, published in 1969, gives accurate results for low-index-contrast waveguides. However, photonic-integrated circuit technology has advanced to high-index-contrast (HIC) waveguides. In this paper, we improve Marcatili's model by...article 2012
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Westerveld, W.J. (author), Leinders, S.M. (author), Pozo Torres, J.M. (author), van Dongen, K.W.A. (author), Yousefi, M. (author), Urbach, H.P. (author)Marcatili’s famous approximate analytical description of light propagating through rectangular dielectric waveguides, published in 1969, gives accurate results for low-indexcontrast waveguides. However, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology has become one of the focus platforms for integrated optics over the last decade, and the silicon...conference paper 2012
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Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author)Voor het leven op aarde speelt het aardmagnetisch veld een cruciale rol om ons tegen deze stroom geladen deeltjes te beschermen. In extreme situaties merken we de effecten van ruimteweer zelfs op aarde. Inzicht in het ruimteweer is daarom belangrijk om tijdig te kunnen beoordelen of zonneactiviteit invloed kan uitoefenen op de aarde en de...article 2012
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Knoben, W. (author), Brongersma, S.H. (author), Crego-Calama, M. (author)The refractive index sensitivity of localized surface plasmon resonance sensors can be improved by placing the plasmonic metal particles on pillars instead of on a planar substrate. In this paper, a simple and versatile colloidal lithography method for the fabrication of plasmonic Au islands on top of polymer nanopillars is described. The pillar...article 2011
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de Louw, P.G.B. (author), Eeman, S. (author), Siemon, B. (author), Voortman, B.R. (author), Gunnink, J. (author), van Baaren, E.S. (author), Oude Essink, G.H.P. (author)In deltaic areas with saline seepage, fresh water availability is often limited to shallow rainwater lenses lying on top of saline groundwater. Here we describe the characteristics and spatial variability of such lenses in areas with saline seepage and the mechanisms that control their occurrence and size. Our findings are based on different...article 2011
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Cavallo, D. (author), Neto, A. (author), Gerini, G. (author)Connected arrays constitute the only family of antenna arrays for which the spectral Green's Functions have been derived analytically. This formalism is extended here to the receiving case. When the arrays are assumed to be infinitely extended and periodically excited, rigorous equivalent networks can be derived to represent the electromagnetic...article 2011
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Veldman, D. (author), Ipek, Ö. (author), Meskers, S.C.J. (author), Sweelssen, J. (author), Koetse, M.M. (author), Veenstra, S.C. (author), Kroon, J.M. (author), van Bavel, S.S. (author), Loos, J. (author), Janssen, R.A.J. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)The electro-optical properties of thin films of electron donor-acceptor blends of a fluorene copolymer (PF10TBT) and a fullerene derivative (PCBM) were studied. Transmission electron microscopy shows that in these films nanocrystalline PCBM clusters are formed at high PCBM content. For all concentrations, a charge transfer (CT) transition is...article 2008
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Naus, H.W.L. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)A selection of the literature on the statistical description of electromagnetic fields and complex cavities is concisely reviewed. Some essential concepts, for example, the application of the central limit theorem and the maximum entropy principle, are scrutinized. Implicit assumptions, biased choices of variables and constraints, and some...article 2008
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van der Togt, R. (author), van Lieshout, E.J. (author), Hensbroek, R. (author), Beinat, E. (author), Binnekade, J.M. (author), Bakker, P.J.M. (author)Context: Health care applications of autoidentification technologies, such as radio frequency identification (RFID), have been proposed to improve patient safety and also the tracking and tracing of medical equipment. However, electromagnetic interference (EMI) by RFID on medical devices has never been reported. Objective: To assess and classify...article 2008
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Naus, H.W.L. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)The emission of electromagnetic radiation by localized complex electric charge and current distributions is studied. A statistical formalism in terms of general dynamical multipole fields is developed. The appearing coefficients are treated as stochastic variables. Hereby as much as possible a priori physical knowledge is exploited. First...article 2007
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van Lieshout, E.J. (author), van der Veer, S.N. (author), Hensbroek, R. (author), Korevaar, J.C. (author), Vroom, M.B. (author), Schultz, M.J. (author)Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess and classify incidents of electromagnetic interference (EMI) by second-generation and third-generation mobile phones on critical care medical equipment. Methods: EMI was assessed with two General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) signals (900 MHz, 2 W, two different time-slot occupations) and one...article 2007
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Tijhuis, A.G. (author), van Beurden, M.C. (author), Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)In this paper, linear field problems with a varying physical parameter are solved with the conjugate-gradient FFT method and a dedicated extrapolation procedure for generating the initial estimate. The scheme is formulated and illustrated for two simple example problems. The importance of the choice of the stop criterion and the step size are...article 2002
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Dutreux, N. (author), Notermans, S. (author), Góngora-Nieto, M.M. (author), Barbosa-Cánovas, G.V. (author), Swanson, B.G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Death and injury following exposure of Micrococcus luteus to nisin and pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment were investigated in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8, σ = 4.8 ms/cm at 20°C). Four types of experiment were carried out, a single treatment with nisin (100 IU/ml at 20°C for 2 h), a single PEF treatment, a PEF treatment followed by incubation...article 2000
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Lepelaars, E.S.A.M. (author)In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of detecting defects in certain artificial heart valves by determining the electromagnetic behavior of some simple models with the aid of thin-wire integral equations. The idea is to use the stationary current that occurs at late times after the excitation of a closed loop as a discriminator. This...article 2000
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van Leeuwen, G.M.J. (author), Lagendijk, J.J.W. (author), van Leersum, B.J.A.M. (author), Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author), Hornsleth, S.N. (author), Kotte, A.N.T.J. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)In this study we evaluated for a realistic head model the 3D temperature rise induced by a mobile phone. This was done numerically with the consecutive use of an FDTD model to predict the absorbed electromagnetic power distribution, and a thermal model describing bioheat transfer both by conduction and by blood flow. We calculated a maximum rise...article 1999
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Kal, H.B. (author), Centrum voor Stralingsbescherming en Dosimetrie TNO (author)In januari 1997 publiceerde de Gezondheidsraad een vernieuwd rapport inzake de invloed van radiofrequente elektromagnetische velden op de gezondheid. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de inhoud van het rapport, waarbij aan de orde komen: aard van de bronnen van elektromagnetische velden, effecten bij mens en dier, resultaten van...article 1998
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Rhebergen, J.B. (author), Zwamborn, A.P.M. (author), Giri, D.V. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)At TNO-FEL, one of the research programs is to explore the use of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic fields in a bi-static ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system for the detection, location and identification of buried items of unexploded ordnance (e.g. land mines). In the present paper we describe the current status of the development of this...conference paper 1998
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- Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author), van Esveld, R.J. (author), van Rooijen, M.P. (author), Prinse, W.C. (author), van der Steen, A.C. (author) conference paper 1998