Determination of the temperature dependency of the electrical parameters of CIGS solar cells

Two types of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells, both designed for implementation in CIGS modules, were subjected to temperatures between 25C and 105C. Simultaneous exposure to AM1.5 illumination allowed the measurement of their electrical parameters at these temperatures. These two types of solar cells, produced with different deposition routes on...

A network approach for power grid robustness against cascading failures

Cascading failures are one of the main reasons for blackouts in electrical power grids. Stable power supply requires a robust design of the power grid topology. Currently, the impact of the grid structure on the grid robustness is mainly assessed by purely topological metrics, that fail to capture the fundamental properties of the electrical...

Context-independent centrality measures underestimate the vulnerability of power grids

Power grids vulnerability is a key issue in society. A component failure may trigger cascades of failures across the grid and lead to a large blackout. Within complex network analysis, structural vulnerabilities of power grids have been studied mostly using purely topological approaches, which assumes that flow of power is dictated by shortest...

A topological investigation of phase transitions of cascading failures in power grids

Cascading failures are one of the main reasons for blackouts in electric power transmission grids. The economic cost of such failures is in the order of tens of billion dollars annually. The loading level of power system is a key aspect to determine the amount of the damage caused by cascading failures. Existing studies show that the blackout...

Structural vulnerability assessment of electric power grids

Cascading failures are the typical reasons of blackouts in power grids. The grid topology plays an important role in determining the dynamics of cascading failures in power grids. Measures for vulnerability analysis are crucial to assure a higher level of robustness of power grids. Metrics from Complex Networks are widely used to investigate the...

Design of robust dependent networks against flow-based cascading failures

In this paper we propose strategies to increase the robustness of a communication network which depends on the proper functioning of an electricity network. The strategies involve selecting nodes of the communication network and removing their dependency on the electricity network. Compared to existing literature on this topic, such as Schneider...

A robustness metric for cascading failures by targeted attacks in power networks

Cascading failures are the main reason blackouts occur in power networks. The economic cost of such failures is in the order of tens of billion dollars annually. In a power network, the cascading failure phenomenon is related to both topological properties (number and types of buses, density of transmission lines and interconnection of...