Searched for: subject%3A%22Earth%255C%2Bobservation%22
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Otter, G.C.J. (author), Day, J.P.R. (author), Di Iorio, E. (author), Pelica Páscoa, M.I. (author), Speet, B.G. (author), Dijkhuizen, N. (author), Snel, R.C. (author), van der Togt, O.E. (author)
The cheapest method for an instrument to perform radiometric monitoring in orbit is to compare its radiometric response from a scene to the known radiance of that same scene. This is known as vicarious calibration. The known radiance of this scene comes mostly from other space instruments. The limiting factors of this vicarious calibration...
conference paper 2021
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Köhler, J. (author), Jansen, R. (author), Irizar, J. (author), Sohmer, A. (author), Melf, M. (author), Greinacher, R. (author), Erdmann, M. (author), Kirschner, V. (author), Pérez Albiñana, A. (author), Martin, D. (author), de Goeij, B.T.G. (author), Vink, H.J.P. (author), Day, J.P.R. (author), ten Bloemendal, D. (author), Gielesen, W.L.M. (author), de Vreugd, J. (author), van der Laan, L.W. (author), van 't Hof, C.A. (author)
Sentinel-5 is an Earth atmospheric monitoring mission developed within the European Union’s Copernicus program. The mission objective is to monitor the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere on a daily basis. Airbus DS GmbH acts as the prime contractor under a European Space Agency contract. The instrument design, development, and the instrument...
conference paper 2021
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Garnier, T. (author), Bénard, H. (author), Béhar-Lafenêtre, S. (author), Snel, R.C. (author), Pelica Páscoa, M. (author), Dijkhuizen, N. (author), Speet, B.G. (author), Slegtenhorst, G.F. (author), Maresi, L. (author), Pasquet, A. (author), Arts, M. (author)
Recent Earth Observation instruments require a highly accurate knowledge of their Instrument Spectral Response Function (ISRF). This translates into lengthy and costly characterisation programs during the Assembly, Integration, and Test phase of the instrument. In addition, potential changes of ISRF after launch suggests to use an on-board...
conference paper 2021
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Strotmann, S. (author), Kirschner, V. (author), Tomuta, D. (author), Dijkhuizen, N. (author), Snel, R.C. (author)
In space Earth Observation related projects, Sun Simulators are regular used for on-ground calibrations of the flight instruments. Instrument radiometric calibration is established by illuminating the on-board diffuser(s) via the Sun port in irradiance configuration and an external OGSE calibrated diffuser for the radiance configuration via the...
conference paper 2021
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Caron, J.F. (author), Kruizinga, B. (author), Vink, H.J.P. (author)
Tropomi, successfully launched in October 2017, and Sentinel-5, with launch due in 2021, are two pushbroom spectrometers measuring Earth's radiance from a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at a high spectral resolution. Both instruments have strongly overlapping spectral channels (UV-VIS, NIR, SWIR-3). While the Tropomi spectrometers are designed with...
conference paper 2018
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van den Berg, S. (author), Dekker, P. (author), van der Laan, T. (author), Otter, G.C.J. (author), Dijkhuizen, N. (author), Gür, B. (author), Brinkers, S. (author)
SI traceable calibration of satellite instruments like spectroradiometers get increasingly important in space-based observation for various reasons. First, requirements on measurements in terms of accuracy, dynamic range and wavelength range get increasingly demanding. Second, long term observations require SI traceability for comparability of...
conference paper 2018
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van Amerongen, A. (author), Rietjens, J. (author), Campo, J. (author), Dogan, E. (author), DIngjan, J. (author), Nalla, R. (author), Caron, J.F. (author), Hasekamp, O. (author)
We have developed a 6 dm3-sized optical instrument to characterize the microphysical properties of fine particulate matter or aerosol in the Earth atmosphere from low Earth orbit. Our instrument can provide detailed and worldwide knowledge of aerosol amount, type and properties. This is important for climate and ecosystem science and human...
conference paper 2018
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de Goeij, B.T.G. (author), de Bruijn, D. (author), van der Knaap, F.G.P. (author), Bol, H. (author), Gielesen, W.L.M. (author), Bell, A. (author), Matthews, A. (author), Skipper, M. (author), Hallett, B. (author), Sauer, M. (author), Kruse, K.W. (author), Haas, C. (author), Wallace, K. (author), Heliere, A. (author)
The European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) are co-operating to develop the EarthCARE satellite mission with the fundamental objective of improving the understanding of the processes involving clouds, aerosols and radiation in the Earth's atmosphere. A Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR), an Atmospheric LIDAR (ATLID...
conference paper 2018
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de Goeij, B.T.G. (author), Otter, G.C.J. (author), van Wakeren, J.M.O. (author), Veefkind, J.P. (author), Vlemmix, T. (author), Ge, X. (author), Levelt, P.F. (author), Dirks, B.P.F. (author), Toet, P.M. (author), van der Wal, L.F. (author), Jansen, R. (author)
In recent years TNO has investigated and developed different innovative opto-mechanical designs to realize advanced spectrometers for space applications in a more compact and cost-effective manner. This offers multiple advantages: a compact instrument can be flown on a much smaller platform or as add-on on a larger platform; a low-cost...
conference paper 2017
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Otter, G. (author), Dijkhuizen, N. (author), Vosteen, A. (author), Brinkers, S. (author), Gür, B. (author), Kenter, P. (author), Sallusti, M. (author), Tomuta, D. (author), Veratti, R. (author), Cappani, A. (author)
The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2[1] (GOME-2) represents one of the European instruments carried on board the MetOp satellite within the ESA’s “Living Planet Program”. Consisting of three flight models (FM’s) it is intended to provide long-term monitoring of atmospheric ozone and other trace gases over a time frame of 15-20 years, thus...
conference paper 2017
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Snijders, B. (author), van der Wal, L.F. (author), de Goeij, B.T.G. (author), Jansen, R. (author), Toet, P. (author), Oosterling, J.A.J. (author)
Driven by technology developments triggering end user’s attention, the market for nano-and micro satellites is developing rapidly. At present there is a strong focus on 2D imaging of the Earth’s surface, with limited possibilities to obtain high resolution spectral information. More demanding applications, such as monitoring trace gases,...
conference paper 2017
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Brouwer, E.A.M. (author), van Buuren, R.A. (author), Gawlitta, N. (author), Grabarnik, S. (author), van der Valk, N.C.J. (author), Vink, H.J.P. (author), van Brug, H. (author), Visser, H. (author)
Earth observation measurements at wavelengths below 320nm are challenging due to the steep decrease of the earth irradiance towards shorter wavelengths. Stray light and ghosting of longer wave light can easily overwhelm the signals at short wavelengths. In the UV channel (270-320nm) of the TROPOMI instrument this challenge has been addressed...
conference paper 2017
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van der Wal, L.F. (author), de Goeij, B.T.G. (author), Jansen, R. (author), Oosterling, J.A.J. (author), Snijders, B. (author)
The market for nano-and microsatellites is developing rapidly. There is a strong focus on 2D imaging of the Earth's surface, with limited possibilities to obtain spectral information. More demanding applications, such as monitoring trace gases, aerosols or water quality still require advanced imaging instruments, which are large, heavy and...
conference paper 2016
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Gür, B. (author), Bol, H. (author), Xu, P. (author), Li, B. (author)
The present paper describes the challenging diffuser design and verification activities of TNO under contract of a customer for an earth observation instrument with observation conditions that require feasible BRDF under large angles of incidence of up to 70° with respect to the surface normal. Not only the design though but also the...
conference paper 2015
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de Vries, J. (author), Hoogeveen, R. (author), Voors, R. (author), Kleipool, Q. (author), Veefkind, P. (author), Aben, I. (author), Snel, R. (author), van der Valk, N.C.J. (author), Visser, H. (author), Otter, G.C.J. (author)
TROPOMI is the sun backscatter trace gas instrument on ESA's Sentinel-5 precursor satellite. TROPOMI builds upon a rich heritage from similar instruments, the main ones being SCIAMACHY on ESA's ENVISAT and OMI on NASA's AURA satellite. This paper explains how the technology from the heritage instruments evolved, considering high level design...
conference paper 2012
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Veefkind, J.P. (author), Aben, I. (author), McMullan, K. (author), Förster, H. (author), de Vries, J. (author), Otter, G. (author), Claas, J. (author), Eskes, H.J. (author), de Haan, J.F. (author), Kleipool, Q. (author), van Weele, M. (author), Hasekamp, O. (author), Hoogeveen, R. (author), Landgraf, J. (author), Snel, R. (author), Tol, P. (author), Ingmann, P. (author), Voors, R. (author), Kruizinga, B. (author), Vink, R. (author), Visser, H. (author), Levelt, P.F. (author)
The ESA (European Space Agency) Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5 P) is a low Earth orbit polar satellite to provide information and services on air quality, climate and the ozone layer in the timeframe 2015-2022. The S-5 P mission is part of the Global Monitoring of the Environment and Security (GMES) Space Component Programme. The payload of the...
article 2012
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Dekker, R.J. (author), Kuenzer, C. (author), Lehner, M. (author), Reinartz, P. (author), Niemeyer, I. (author), Nussbaum, S. (author), Lacroix, V. (author), Sequeira, V. (author), Stringa, E. (author), Schöpfer, E. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)
In this chapter a wide range of change detection tools is addressed. They are grouped into methods suitable for optical and multispectral data, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and 3D data. Optical and multispectral methods include unsupervised approaches, supervised and knowledge-based approaches, pixel-based and object-oriented...
bookPart 2009
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Cheng, L.K. (author), Ahlers, B. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)
Europe is developing a new generation launcher, called Vega, a small launcher with a capacity to place satellites into polar and low-Earth orbits, which are used for many scientific and Earth observation missions. Its first launch is scheduled for early 2008. Dutch Space is responsible for the development, qualification and manufacturing of the...
conference paper 2006
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de Wit, J.J.M. (author), Meta, A. (author), Hoogeboom, P. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)
The combination of compact frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) technology and high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing techniques should pave the way for the development of a lightweight, cost-effective, high-resolution, airborne imaging radar. Regarding FM-CW SAR signal processing, the motion during the transmission of...
article 2006
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Court, A.J. (author), Smorenburg, K. (author), Courrèges-Lacoste, G.B. (author), Visser, H. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Decae, R. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)
Satellite remote sensing of aerosols is a largely unresolved problem. A dedicated instrument aimed at aerosols would be able to reduce the large uncertainties connected to this kind of remote sensing. TNO is performing a study of a space based instrument for aerosol measurements, together with the study of up-to-date aerosol transport modeling...
article 2004
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