Effect of strain hardening on the bending capacity of high-strength welded I-section beams

High-strength steel beams are known to have less plastic rotation capacity than beams with lower yield strengths. This has been related to the decreased strain-hardening ability of high-strength steels, and various rules and standards for steel structures stipulate maximum limits on the allowable yield-to-tensile strength ( y/ u)ratio, which...

Simulating brittle and ductile response of alumina ceramics under dynamic loading

Alumina ceramic is often used in armour systems. This material is known to have a brittle response under tensile loading, while a ductile response is found when sufficiently high pressures are reached. During projectile impact a ceramic material experiences both tensile loading and high pressures, hence fails in both a brittle and ductile way....

Dynamic simulations of traditional masonry materials at different loading rates using an enriched damage delay: Theory and practical applications

Use of HSS and VHSS in steel structures in civil and offshore engineering: Requirements regarding material properties

In Memoriam of Prof. Dr. Bernt Johansson. The use of high-strength steels (HSS, 460 < fy ≤ 700 MPa) and particularly very high-strength steels (VHSS, fy > 700 MPa) is limited in steel structures in civil and offshore engineering. This is due to a lack of experience in structures made of these materials and a lack of understanding of the...

A practical approach to ductile material failure during ranking collisions

Ship owners, including navies, are increasingly sailing ice-infested waters and hence need to know the safety of ship hulls regarding collision with ice. Considerable knowledge exists for modelling failure of the hull in impact situations; however, these methods are either insufficiently precise or too expensive for engineering practice. A...

Flexible concrete: A new approach to pavement materials

As modern society is striving to become more sustainable and environmentally friendly, the need for more durable constructions with longer life cycles is increasing. On the other hand, the functional properties of constructions -such as pavements- need to remain at least at the same level or even outperform the current ones as higher quality...

Determination of parameters for the damage mechanics approach to ductile fracture based on a single fracture mechanics test

The local approach to modelling ductile tearing is a useful technique to give insight into fracture mechanics. However, applications of the local approach have been stymied by the high cost of finding the parameters that characterize it because of the number of specimens and expensive post-processing that the testing requires. In this paper, a...

An approach to using Weibull stress analysis in design

Current codes and norms allow for structures to be operated in the transition between ductile and brittle behavior. Further, they often treat the Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature as a constant even though it is well known to depend on a variety of factors, such as loading rate, constraint, and prior cold deformation. This paper roposes...

Relating structural loading rate to tensing rate for fracture mechanics specimens

It is vely well-known that fracture toughness depends on loading rate. Higher strain rates can shift the ductile to brittle transition curve to higher temperatures, resulting in a more brittle structure at the same temperature. However, there is little effort to relate the testing rate to the loading rate within the offshore and maritime...

Consequences of using the plane stress assumption for damage calculation in crash analyses

Simulation of failure in plate materials (represented as shell elements) is critical for the correct determination of crash performance of ships and offshore structures. This need has traditionally been filled with failure loci that give the failure strain in terms of stress triaxiality. In recent years, a third dimension (Lode parameter) has...

Consequences of using the plane stress assumption for damage calculations in Crash analyses

Ultra-short-pulsed laser-machined nanogratings of laser-induced periodic surface structures on thin molybdenum layers

Large areas of regular diffraction nanogratings were produced consisting of so-called laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on thin molybdenum layers (<400 nm) deposited on a borosilicate glass substrate. The aim was to produce these structures without ablating nor cracking the molybdenum layer. Ultra short laser pulses were applied...

Shear and anchorage behaviour of fire exposed hollow core slabs

The fire resistance of hollow core slabs is currently assessed considering flexural failure only. However, fire tests show that shear or anchorage failure can also govern the load bearing behaviour. This paper is based on the dissertation by the author1 and discusses existing and new fire tests. It also presents the development, calibration and...

In-process monitoring of transition from brittle to ductile mode grinding

Ballistic testing of B4C-A1 cermets

Environmental stress cracking of PVC and PVC-CPE - Part II Failure mechanisms

The failure of unnotched PVC and PVC-CPE was studied in a number of vapour and liquid environments. The failure mechanisms observed are related to craze initiation and logarithmic craze growth. A model to explain the origin of the logarithmic craze growth is presented. The failure mechanism in air and in benzene and toluene vapours is ductile,...