Searched for: subject%3A%22Dose%255C-response%255C%2Brelationship%22
(141 - 160 of 224)
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van Nieuw Amerongen, G.P. (author), Vermeer, M.A. (author), van Hinsbergh, V.W. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)In the present study, the roles of the small GTPase RhoA and its target Rho kinase in endothelial permeability were investigated in vitro. We have shown previously that, in addition to a rise in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), RhoA is involved in the prolonged thrombin-induced barrier dysfunction. To study the role of RhoA...article 2000
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Hempenius, R.A. (author), Lina, B.A.R. (author), Haggitt, R.C. (author)Arachidonic acid oil (ARA-oil) derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina for use in infant nutrition was tested in a subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study in rats, preceded by an in utero exposure phase. The ARA-oil was administered as admixture to the rodent diet at dose levels of 3000 ppm, 15,000 ppm and 75,000 ppm. An additional high-dose...article 2000
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van Stipdonk, M.J.B. (author), Willems, A.A. (author), Plomp, A.C. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), Boog, C.J.P. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)The myelin-associated protein, αB-crystallin, is considered a candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we examined the potential of αB-crystallin to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats. Attempts to induce EAE with either bovine, rat or murine αB-crystallin or αB-crystallin peptides...article 2000
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Emri, G. (author), Wenczl, E. (author), van Erp, P. (author), Jans, J. (author), Roza, L. (author), Horkay, I. (author), Schothorst, A.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Chromosomal defects are frequently present in malignant and premalignant skin disorders; however, it is not known whether ultraviolet radiation from sunlight plays a role in their induction. To obtain information on the ability of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B to induce chromosomal aberrations, cultured melanocytes and fibroblasts were exposed...article 2000
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Korthout, H.A.A.J. (author), Berecki, G. (author), Bruin, W. (author), van Duijn, B. (author), Wang, M. (author)Caspases play a very important role in initiating and executing apoptotic processes in animal cells. In this study we show that plant mitochondria were able to initiate the activation of caspase 3 in a Xenopus cell free system. Caspase 3-like activity was found to be present in plant cells and could only be inhibited by the specific caspase 3...article 2000
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Muijs, T. (author), van Dokkum, W. (author), Schaafsma, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Animal studies have indicated that calcium absorption is increased by lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide. Therefore, the influence of lactulose on calcium absorption was measured in postmenopausal women who may benefit from the possible enhancing effect of lactulose on calcium absorption. Twelve postmenopausal women drank 100 ml of water...article 1999
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Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Weststrate, J.A. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Meijer, G.W. (author)Objective: To investigate the dose-response relationship between cholesterol lowering and three different, relatively low intake levels of plant sterols (0.83, 1.61, 3.24 g/d) from spreads. To investigate the effects on lipid-soluble (pro)vitamins. Design: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled balanced incomplete Latin square design using...article 1999
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Luca, M.E. (author), Visser, L. (author), Lucas, C.J. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)In this study, mouse recombinant IFN-β was shown to favor PLP139-151-specific Th2 responses in vitro, by inhibiting IFN-γ production and stimulating IL-4 and IL-10 production. IFN-β (5000 U/day) failed to prevent the development or severity of EAE induced with PLP139-151. Whereas efficacy of IL-10 was found in the B. pertussis assisted but not...article 1999
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Neele, D.M. (author), de Wit, E.C.M. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)We have shown previously that retinoids induce apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene expression in cultured cynomolgus hepatocytes and do not have an effect on apo B-100 synthesis. In the present study, the effect of retinoids on apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) synthesis in cultured hepatocytes was investigated. The addition of all-trans retinoic acid (at-RA...article 1999
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van Rozendaal, B.A.W.M. (author), van de Lest, C.H.A. (author), van Eijk, M. (author), van Golde, L.M.G. (author), Voorhout, W.F. (author), van Helden, H.P.M. (author), Haagsman, H.P. (author)Collectins are carbohydrate binding proteins that are implicated in innate host defense. The lung collectins, surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D), bind a variety of pathogens in vitro and influence phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages. In this report we show that SP-D binds endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) in vivo in a rat model of...article 1999
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Vermeire, T. (author), Stevenson, H. (author), Pieters, M.N. (author), Rennen, M. (author), Slob, W. (author), Hakkert, B.C. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The general goal of this discussion paper is to contribute toward the further harmonization of human health risk assessment. It first discusses the development of a formal, harmonized set of assessment factors. The status quo with regard to assessment factors is reviewed, that is, the type of factors to be identified, the range of values...article 1999
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Pletsa, V. (author), Steenwinkel, M.-J.S.T. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Kyrtopoulos, S.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Following single or multiple oral treatments of rats or λlacZ transgenic mice with methyl bromide, methylated DNA adducts (N7- and/or O6-methylguanine) were found at comparable levels in various tissues, including among others the glandular stomach, the forestomach and the liver. Multiple rat treatment resulted in substantial decreases in the...article 1998
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Fekete, A. (author), Vink, A.A. (author), Gaspar, S. (author), Berces, A. (author), Modos, K. (author), Ronto, Gy. (author), Roza, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The correlation between the biologically effective dose (BED) of a phage T7 biological dosimeter and the induction of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and (6-4) photoproducts ((6-4)PD) in the phage DNA was determined using seven various UV sources. The BED is the inactivation rate of phage T7 expressed in HT7 units. The CPD and (6-4)PD were...article 1998
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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Smits-van Prooije, A.E. (author), Bär, A. (author)In a standard embryotoxicity/teratogenicity study, γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) was administered to groups of 16, artificially inseminated New Zealand White rabbits at dietary concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20%. A comparison group received a diet containing 20% lactose. Treatment started on day 0 of gestation and ended on day 29 when the animals were...article 1998
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Mannaerts, B.M.J.L. (author), Geurts, T.B.P. (author), Odink, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The objective of this study was to compare the bioavailability of s.c. and i.m. administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG; Pregnyl®). In a randomized, single centre, three-way cross-over study, 18 healthy pituitary-suppressed volunteers were assigned to single HCG injections of 5000 and 10000 IU i.m. and 10000 IU s.c. Rate (C(max), t...article 1998
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Duizer, E. (author), van der Wulp, C. (author), Versantvoort, C.H.M. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Palmitoyl carnitine chloride (PCC) has been shown to be an effective enhancer of intestinal transport of hydrophilic molecules. The exact mechanism by which the epithelial barrier function is decreased is not clear. In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of action of PCC, we studied the relationship among absorption enhancement, cell viability...article 1998
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Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Spruit, W.E.T. (author), van der Wiel, H.J. (author), Trap, H.C. (author), Helmich, R.B. (author), Bergers, W.W.A. (author), van Helden, H.P.M. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author)The toxicokinetics of the four stereoisomers of the nerve agent C(±)P(±)-soman were studied in anesthetized, atropinized guinea pigs for nose-only exposure to soman vapor. During exposure the respiratory minute volume (RMV) and respiratory frequency (RF) were monitored. Blood samples were taken for chiral gas chromatographic analysis of the...article 1998
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Benschop, H.P. (author), Trap, H.C. (author), Spruit, H.E.T. (author), van der Wiel, H.J. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)In order to initiate a quantitative basis for the toxicology of low level exposure to nerve agents, the toxicokinetics of soman stereoisomers during nose-only exposure for 5 h to 20 ppb (160 μg/m3) of C(±)P(±)- soman in air were studied in restrained, anesthetized, and atropinized guinea pigs. The concentrations of the toxic C(±)P(-)-soman...article 1998
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Korst, A.E.C. (author), van der Sterre, M.L.T. (author), Eeltink, C.M. (author), Fichtinger-Schepman, A.M.J. (author), Vermorken, J.B. (author), van der Vijgh, W.J.F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)We showed previously that amifostine (WR 2721; Ethyol), a protector against carboplatin-induced toxicities, changed the pharmacokinetics of carboplatin in tumor-bearing nude mice. In the present study, the influence of amifostine on the pharmacokinetics of carboplatin was studied in patients when carboplatin was given in combination with three...article 1997
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Arts, J. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Gaubius Laboratory TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Fibrates are widely used drugs in hyperlipidemic disorders. In addition to lowering serum triglyceride levels, fibrates have also been shown to reduce elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in vivo. We demonstrate that fibrates suppress PAI-1 synthesis in cultured cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes in a concentration...article 1997
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(141 - 160 of 224)