document

Radiation responses of the gastrocnemius muscle in the WAG/Rij rat

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), Hermens, A.F. (author), Korving, R. (author), de Leeuw, A.M. (author), van den Berg, K.J. (author)

article 1986

document

Inhalation toxicity of acetaldehyde in rats. III. Carcinogenicity study

Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en voeding TNO (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Appelman, L.M. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Feron, V.J. (author)

Male and female Wistar rats were exposed to acetaldehyde vapour at nominal concentrations 0, 750, 1500 or 3000/1000 ppm during 6 h/day, 5 days/week for up to 28 months. Major compound-related effects included increased mortality, growth retardation, nasal tumours, and non-neoplastic nasal changes in each of the test groups. The treatment-related...

article 1986

document

The automated analysis of coordinated hindlimb movement in rats during acute and prolonged exposure to toxic agents

Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author), Kulig, B.M. (author), Vanwersch, R.A.P. (author), Wolthuis, O.L. (author)

The effects of CNS-active drugs and neurotoxic agents on motor coordination in the rat were studied using a newly developed, automated technique. In this test, a tv/microprocessor-based system was utilized to detect and describe the movement and placement characteristics of one of the rat's hindpaws as the rat placed its paw from one rung to...

article 1985

document

Modifying effect of vitamin A on benzo[a]pyrene-induced respiratory tract tumours in hamsters

Beems, R.B. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)

Chemicals/CAS: benzo[a]pyrene, 50-32-8; retinol, 68-26-8, 82445-97-4; Benzo(a)pyrene, 50-32-8; Benzopyrenes; Vitamin A, 11103-57-4

article 1984

document

Inhalation toxicity of acetaldehyde in rats. II. Carcinogenicity study: Interim results after 15 months

Woutersen, R.A. (author), Appelman, L.M. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), van der Heijden, C.A. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)

Male and female Wistar rats were exposed to acetaldehyde vapour at concentrations of 0, 750, 1500 and 3000/1000 ppm during 6 h/day, 5 days/week for up to 27 months. The present paper deals with the results obtained during the first 15 months of the study, including interim kills after 13, 26 and 52 weeks. Major compound-related lesions occurred...

article 1984

document

Molecular dosimetry of DNA damage caused by alkylation. I. Single-strand breaks induced by ethylating agents in cultured mammalian cells in relation to survival

Abbondandolo, A. (author), Dogliotti, E. (author), Lohman, P.H.M. (author), Berends, F. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells were treated with ethylating agents. DNA lesions giving rise to single-strand breaks (ssb) or alkali-labile sites were measured by centrifugation in alkaline sucrose gradients after lysis in alkali. 4 agents with different tendencies to ethylate preferentially either at N or O atoms were compared, namely N...

article 1982

document

The effect of irradiation on the antibody enhancing helper T cells

Lubbe, F.H. (author), Brocades Zaalberg, O. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Helper T cells specific for sheep erythrocytes were generated in lethally irradiated mice. The helper effect exerted by these cells was determined in vitro in spleen cell cultures. Irradiation of the helper cells in vivo or in vitro with 1-9 Gy resulted in a bimodal relation between radiation dose and helper effect when measured either...

article 1982

document

Acute inhalation toxicity study of ammonia in rats with variable exposure periods

Appelman, L.M. (author), ten Berge, W.F. (author), Reuzel, P.G.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia was examined in rats using various exposure concentrations and exposure periods. Groups of male and female rats were exposed to dynamic atmospheres containing different concentrations of ammonia for 10, 20, 40 or 60 min. The aim of the study was to establish the relationship between exposure concentration...

article 1982

document

Inhalation toxicity of acetaldehyde in rats. I. Acute and subacute studies

Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Appelman, L.M. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Feron, V.J. (author)

The 4-h LC50 of acetaldehyde in rats was determined and found to be 13,300 ppm (24.0 g/m3 air). In a 4-week study groups of 10 male and 10 female rats were exposed to 0, 400, 1000, 2200 or 5000 ppm acetaldehyde for 6 h/day, 5 days/week. Treatment-related changes observed at the 5000 ppm level included dyspnoea and excitation during the first 30...

article 1982

document

Fast neutron radiotherapy: For equal or for better?

Broerse, J.J. (author), Battermann, J.J. (author), Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author)

The renewed application of fast neutrons in clinical radiotherapy has been stimulated by fundamental radiobiological findings. The biological effects of high LET radiation, including fast neutrons, are different from those obtained with X-rays in at least three respects: the oxygen enhancement ratio, the sensitivity of cells at different phases...

article 1981

document

Virus-specific cytotoxic activity to mammary tumor cells of sera from normal and tumor-bearing mice with inhibition at low dilutions

Creemers, P. (author), Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author)

Sera from normal mice and mice bearing murine mammary tumor virus (MTV)-induced tumors showed cytotoxic reactions to the MTV-producing Mm5mt/cl cell line. The reaction could be blocked by the addition of MTV, but not of purified gp52 and p28. In sera from tumor bearers, cytotoxic responses ranged from 15 to 66%; reactivity was generally highest...

article 1981

document

Extracorporeal irradiation of the blood in a rat model for human acute myelocytic leukemia. Comparative evaluation of three treatment regimens with emphasis on cell compartment analysis

Hagenbeek, A. (author), Martens, A.C.M. (author), Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author)

Results of three different regimens of extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) are compared (1 X 20,2 X 10, and 4 X 5hr) in a rat model for human acute myelocytic leukemia. The D0 for X rays of leukemic cells in the blood was 68 cGy. The transit dose varied from 380 to 660 cGy. Evaluation was performed by follow-up of the number of...

article 1981

document

Ultrastructural changes in the kidneys of rabbits treated with lead acetate

Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Spit, B.J. (author), Wibowo, A.A.E. (author), Ferron, V.J. (author), Zielhuis, R.L. (author)

Electron microscopical studies were carried out on the kidneys of rabbits given s.c. injections of 0 (control), 0.25 or 0.50 mg lead acetate/kg b.w. 3 times a week during 14 weeks. At the end of the experimental period the animals had lead blood levels of 60, 500 and 600 ??g/1 whole blood respectively. Treatment-related renal changes were found...

article 1981

document

The influence of the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation on survival, mutation induction and DNA repair in irradiated Chinese hamster cells

Zelle, B. (author), Reynolds, R.J. (author), Kottenhagen, M.J. (author), Schuite, A. (author), Lohman, P.H.M. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Chinese hamster ovary cells were used to compare the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of far-UV radiation emitted by a low-pressure mercury, germicidal lamp (wavelength predominantly 254 nm) with that of near-UV radiation emitted by a fluorescent lamp with a continuous spectrum (Westinghouse 'Sun Lamp'), of which only the radiation with wavelengths...

article 1980

document

Induction of mutations in bacteriophage T7 by gamma-rays. No influence of the SOS repair pathway

Bleichrodt, J.F. (author), Roos-Verheij, W.S.D. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Under conditions where the reversion of an amber mutant of bacteriophage ?? by ??-rays is enhanced by subjecting the irradiated phage to SOS repair, ??-ray-induced reversion of two T7 ambers is not influenced by this error-prone bacterial repair system. The survival of T7 ??-irradiated under anoxic conditions is somewhat enhanced by SOS repair,...

article 1980

document

Influences of the host and local conditions on the in vivo clonogenic expression of subcutaneously inoculated R-1,M tumour cells

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), Hermens, A.F. (author)

article 1980

document

Antidotes to organophosphate poisoning. 2. Thiadiazole-5-carboxaldoximes

Benschop, H.P. (author), van den Berg, G.R. (author), van Hooidonk, C. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Kientz, C.E. (author), Berends, F. (author), Kepner, L.A. (author), Meeter, E. (author), Visser, R.P.L.S. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Three new nonquaternary oximes have been evaluated with respect to their antidotal activities against organophosphate poisoning. The oximes 1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldoxime (1, pKa = 7.6), 2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldoxime (2, pKa = 8.4), and 3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole-5-carboxaldoxime (3, pKa = 7.0) were prepared in yields of 56, 24...

article 1979

document

The effect of irradiation with ultraviolet light on the sedimentation behaviour of PM2 DNA

Veldhuisen, G. (author), Bacchetti, S. (author), van der Valk, M.J. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Chemicals/CAS: DNA, Viral

article 1976

document

The dependence of the blood level of the oxime HS 6 on the severity of organophosphate poisoning

Wolthuis, O.L. (author), Clason-van der Wiel, H.J. (author), Visser, R.P.L.S. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO Chemisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Atropinised anaesthetised rats were injected i.v. with 4, 6 or 8 x LD50 of the organophosphorous anticholinesterase soman. Subsequent treatment with one dose of HS 6 (100 mg/kg, i.v.) delayed respiratory failure by 1 h or more; a further postponement was obtained when an additional HS 6 infusion was given. At the same infusion rate, HS 6 blood...

article 1976

document

In vitro evaluation of some latent radioprotective compounds

Vos, O. (author), Budke, L. (author), Grant, G.A. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

In tissue culture, protection against X irradiation by a number of cysteamine derivatives was studied and the results were compared with data obtained in mice. Compounds with a covered SH group, like WR 638, cysteamine phosphate, WR 2721 and AE AE 48527, showed practically no protection when dissolved in tissue culture medium, but developed a...

article 1976