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Determinants of skin sensitivity to solar irradiation

Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Vink, A.A. (author), Boelsma, E. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, W.A.A. (author), Tijburg, L.B.M. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)

Background: Acute effects of UV irradiation include UV-induced erythema. Sunlight plays an important role in the development of skin cancer. Several predictive factors of UV-induced erythema could also be predictive for skin cancer. Objective: Our objective was to quantitatively assess phenotypical and nutritional determinants of sensitivity to...

article 2003

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A moderate elevation of blood glucose level increases the effectiveness of thermoradiotherapy in a rat tumor model. II. Improved tumor control at clinically achievable temperatures

van den Berg, A.P. (author), van den Berg-Blok, A.E. (author), Kal, H.B. (author), Reinhold, H.S. (author)

Purpose: To assess the therapeutic gain (at the TCD50 level) that can be obtained by boosting thermoradiotherapy with intravenous glucose infusion at different temperatures. This completes our series of studies to determine the optimal conditions and the effectiveness of glucose administration at clinically achievable glucose levels and...

article 2001

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Low doses of UVB or UVA induce chromosomal aberrations in cultured human skin cells

Emri, G. (author), Wenczl, E. (author), van Erp, P. (author), Jans, J. (author), Roza, L. (author), Horkay, I. (author), Schothorst, A.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Chromosomal defects are frequently present in malignant and premalignant skin disorders; however, it is not known whether ultraviolet radiation from sunlight plays a role in their induction. To obtain information on the ability of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B to induce chromosomal aberrations, cultured melanocytes and fibroblasts were exposed...

article 2000

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Assessment of the Effects of Various UV Sources on Inactivation and Photoproduct Induction in Phage T7 Dosimeter

Fekete, A. (author), Vink, A.A. (author), Gaspar, S. (author), Berces, A. (author), Modos, K. (author), Ronto, Gy. (author), Roza, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The correlation between the biologically effective dose (BED) of a phage T7 biological dosimeter and the induction of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and (6-4) photoproducts ((6-4)PD) in the phage DNA was determined using seven various UV sources. The BED is the inactivation rate of phage T7 expressed in HT7 units. The CPD and (6-4)PD were...

article 1998

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Removal of UV-induced DNA lesions in mouse epidermis soon after irradiation

Vink, A.A. (author), Bergen Henegouwen, J.B.A. (author), Nikaido, O. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Roza, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Induction and removal of cyclobutane thymine dimers and (6-4)photoproducts were studied in epidermal DNA isolated from UV-exposed hairless mice. For the detection of DNA damage, lesion-specific monoclonal antibodies were used in an immunoslotblot assay. Following the exposure of mice to 3.0 kJ m-2 UV-B, substantial removal of both thymine dimers...

article 1994

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Detection of thymine dimers in suprabasal and basal cells of chronically UV-B exposed hairless mice

Vink, A.A. (author), Berg, R.J.W. (author), de Gruijl, F.R. (author), Lohman, P.H.M. (author), Roza, L. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

An immunocytochemical method was developed to study induction and removal of DNA damage in specific cell populations in the epidermis of hairless mice during chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Identification of mouse suprabasal cells was performed with an immunoperoxidase stain. This stain was shown not to affect the fluorescent nuclear stains,...

article 1993

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Influence of the H-ras oncogene on radiation responses of a rat rhabdomyosarcoma cell line

Hermens, A.F. (author), Bentvelzen, P.A.J. (author), Instituut voor Toegepaste Radiobiologie en Immunologie TNO (author)

Rat R2k rhabdomyosarcoma cells were transfected with the human H-ras oncogene, which resulted in increased resistance to cell kill in vitro by a single dose of 137Cs γ-rays. A subline carrying one oncogene showed an increase in the quasi-threshold dose (D(q)) from 0.88 to 1.48 Gy. Another subline containing six oncogenes not only had an...

article 1992

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Effects of microinjected photoreactivity enzyme on thymine dimer removal and DNA repair synthesis in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts

Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author), Roza, L. (author), Vermeulen, W. (author), Bergen Henegouwen, J.B.A. (author), Eker, A.P.M. (author), Jaspers, N.G.J. (author), Lohman, P.H.M. (author), Hoeijmakers, J.H.J. (author)

UV-induced thymine dimers (10 J/m2 of UV-C) were assayed in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) fibroblasts with a monoclonal antibody against these dimers and quantitative fluorescence microscopy. In repair-proficient cells dimer-specific immunofluorescence gradually decreased with time, reaching about 25% of the initial fluorescence...

article 1990

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Lung damage in the rat after irradiation and treatment with cytotoxic drugs

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), Varekamp, A.E. (author), de Vries, A.J. (author), Hagenbeek, A. (author)

Interstitial pneumonitis (IP) is one of the major complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (incidence: 30 to 50%, fatality rate: 50 to 60%). Cytomegalovirus is associated with 60% of the cases. When no infectious agent can be detected, it is classified as idiopathic IP (IIP). Factors related to IIP are: remission induction...

article 1986

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Early and late effects of fractionated irradiation of the thorax of WAG/Rij rats

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), van Rongen, E. (author), Tan, C. (author), Zurcher, C. (author)

article 1986

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Radiation responses of the gastrocnemius muscle in the WAG/Rij rat

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), Hermens, A.F. (author), Korving, R. (author), de Leeuw, A.M. (author), van den Berg, K.J. (author)

article 1986

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The effect of irradiation on the antibody enhancing helper T cells

Lubbe, F.H. (author), Brocades Zaalberg, O. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Helper T cells specific for sheep erythrocytes were generated in lethally irradiated mice. The helper effect exerted by these cells was determined in vitro in spleen cell cultures. Irradiation of the helper cells in vivo or in vitro with 1-9 Gy resulted in a bimodal relation between radiation dose and helper effect when measured either...

article 1982

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Fast neutron radiotherapy: For equal or for better?

Broerse, J.J. (author), Battermann, J.J. (author), Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author)

The renewed application of fast neutrons in clinical radiotherapy has been stimulated by fundamental radiobiological findings. The biological effects of high LET radiation, including fast neutrons, are different from those obtained with X-rays in at least three respects: the oxygen enhancement ratio, the sensitivity of cells at different phases...

article 1981

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Extracorporeal irradiation of the blood in a rat model for human acute myelocytic leukemia. Comparative evaluation of three treatment regimens with emphasis on cell compartment analysis

Hagenbeek, A. (author), Martens, A.C.M. (author), Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author)

Results of three different regimens of extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) are compared (1 X 20,2 X 10, and 4 X 5hr) in a rat model for human acute myelocytic leukemia. The D0 for X rays of leukemic cells in the blood was 68 cGy. The transit dose varied from 380 to 660 cGy. Evaluation was performed by follow-up of the number of...

article 1981

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The influence of the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation on survival, mutation induction and DNA repair in irradiated Chinese hamster cells

Zelle, B. (author), Reynolds, R.J. (author), Kottenhagen, M.J. (author), Schuite, A. (author), Lohman, P.H.M. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Chinese hamster ovary cells were used to compare the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of far-UV radiation emitted by a low-pressure mercury, germicidal lamp (wavelength predominantly 254 nm) with that of near-UV radiation emitted by a fluorescent lamp with a continuous spectrum (Westinghouse 'Sun Lamp'), of which only the radiation with wavelengths...

article 1980

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Induction of mutations in bacteriophage T7 by gamma-rays. No influence of the SOS repair pathway

Bleichrodt, J.F. (author), Roos-Verheij, W.S.D. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Under conditions where the reversion of an amber mutant of bacteriophage ?? by ??-rays is enhanced by subjecting the irradiated phage to SOS repair, ??-ray-induced reversion of two T7 ambers is not influenced by this error-prone bacterial repair system. The survival of T7 ??-irradiated under anoxic conditions is somewhat enhanced by SOS repair,...

article 1980

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Influences of the host and local conditions on the in vivo clonogenic expression of subcutaneously inoculated R-1,M tumour cells

Radiobiologisch Instituut TNO (author), Hermens, A.F. (author)

article 1980

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The effect of irradiation with ultraviolet light on the sedimentation behaviour of PM2 DNA

Veldhuisen, G. (author), Bacchetti, S. (author), van der Valk, M.J. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

Chemicals/CAS: DNA, Viral

article 1976

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In vitro evaluation of some latent radioprotective compounds

Vos, O. (author), Budke, L. (author), Grant, G.A. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO (author)

In tissue culture, protection against X irradiation by a number of cysteamine derivatives was studied and the results were compared with data obtained in mice. Compounds with a covered SH group, like WR 638, cysteamine phosphate, WR 2721 and AE AE 48527, showed practically no protection when dissolved in tissue culture medium, but developed a...

article 1976

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Radiosensitization of mammalian cells by diamide

Vos, O. (author), Grant, G.A. (author), Budke, L. (author), Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium RVO-TNO (author)

The effect of diamide on the radiosensitivity of T cells was investigated under oxic and anoxic conditions. The compound was found to sensitize the cells under both conditions. Under oxic conditions, exposure for 10 min before and during irradiation to 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM diamide produced dose modifying factors of 0.81, 0.60 and 0.55,...

article 1976