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Diels, C. (author), Bos, J.E. (author)Self-driving cars have the potential to bring significant benefits to drivers and society at large. However, all envisaged scenarios are predicted to increase the risk of motion sickness. This will negatively affect user acceptance and uptake and hence negate the benefits of this technology. Here we discuss the impact of the user interface...conference paper 2015
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Nag, M. (author)In this work we present the impact of buffer layers deposited by various techniques such as plasma enhanced chemical deposition (PECVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques on self-aligned (SA) top gate amorphous-Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (a-IGZO) TFT characteristics. Finally an optimized layer was...article 2015
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Ohmea, H. (author), Tomita, Y. (author), Kashara, M. (author), Schram, J. (author), Smits, E.C.P. (author), van den Brand, J. (author), Bossuyt, F. (author), Vanfleteren, J. (author), de Baets, J. (author)We present a stretchable and foldable passive matrix driven display using 45 by 80 RGB LED’s mounted on a meandering printed circuitry embedded in a polyurethane film. The meander interconnections have been optimized with respect to their electrical and mechanical properties to provide a display with a 3 mm pitch between the pixels and a...conference paper 2015
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Nag, M. (author), Bhoolokam, A. (author), Smout, S. (author), Willegems, M. (author), Muller, R. (author), Myny, K. (author), Schols, S. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Ke, T.H. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Ellis, T. (author), Cobb, B. (author), Kumar, A. (author), van der Steen, J.L.P.J. (author), Gelinck, G. (author), Fukui, Y. (author), Obata, K. (author), Groeseneken, G. (author), Heremans, P. (author), Steudel, S. (author)A process to make self-aligned top-gate amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) on polyimide foil is presented. The source/drain (S/D) region's parasitic resistance reduced during the SiN interlayer deposition step. The sheet resistivity of S/D region after exposure to SiN interlayer deposition decreased to 1.5...article 2015
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Malinowski, P.E. (author), Ke, T. (author), Nakamura, A. (author), Chang, T.-Y. (author), Gokhale, P. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Janssen, D. (author), Kamochi, Y. (author), Koyama, I. (author), Iwai, Y. (author), Heremans, P. (author)In this paper, side-by-side patterning of red, green and blue OLEDs is demonstrated. To achieve 640 ppi arrays with 20 µm subpixel pitch, chemically amplified, i-line photoresist system with submicron resolution was used. These results show feasibility of obtaining full-color displays with ultra-high resolution.article 2015
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Steudel, S. (author), Cobb, B. (author), Nag, M. (author), Obata, K. (author), Murata, K.M. (author), Schols, S. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Ke, T.H. (author), Smout, S. (author), Willegems, M. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Bhoolakam, A. (author), Kumar, A. (author), Kumar, A. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author), Heremans, P.L. (author)We present a QVGA (320x240 with 3 sub-pixel) top-emitting AMOLED display with 250ppi resolution using a self-aligned (SA) IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide-foil with full barrier. The back plane process flow is based on a 7 layer photolithography process. The aperture ratio of the top-emitting OLEDs is approx. 80%. An integrated gate driver is...article 2015
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Hancock, P.A. (author), Lawson, B. (author), Cholewiak, R. (author), Elliott, L.R. (author), van Erp, J.B.F. (author), Mortimer, B.J.P. (author), Rupert, A. (author), Redden, E.S. (author)Tactile displays promise to improve the information-processing capacity of operators, especially when used in conjunction with visual and auditory displays. In this article, we describe current applications and future directions in tactile cuing. © 2015 by Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.article 2015
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Li, F. (author), Smits, E. (author), van Leuken, L. (author), Haas, D.G. (author), Ellis, T. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Tripathi, A.K. (author), Myny, K. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Schols, S. (author), Heremans, P. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author)AMOLED displays using oxide TFTs and high-quality moisture barrier were fabricated on ultrathin, flexible plastic substrates to give maximum mechanical flexibility. Total display thickness is below 150μm, and repeated rollability at 1 cm roll radius has been demonstrated. Electrical/Mechanical characteristics and reliability of the flexible...article 2014
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Bisselink, R. (author), Steeghs, W. (author), Brouwer, J.G.H. (author)Abstract: The increasing amount of electronics, such as consumer products and green technologies (e.g. solar PV cells) increases the demand of metals such as indium and gallium. This increasing demand together with the dependency on import of these metals drive research on recycling of waste electronics from secondary sources, so called urban...conference paper 2014
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Haas, E.C. (author), van Erp, J.B.F. (author)Multimodal warnings incorporate audio and/or skin-based (tactile) cues to supplement or replace visual cues in environments where the user’s visual perception is busy, impaired, or nonexistent. This paper describes characteristics of audio, tactile, and multimodal warning displays and their role in risk communications. The authors demonstrate...article 2014
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Ybema, J.F. (author), van Dam, K. (author)'Serving with a smile' has generally been associated with negative effects for employee well-being. The present study investigated whether emotional display rules also relate to positive outcomes by distinguishing demands to suppress negative emotional response (negative display rules) from demands to express positive emotions (positive display...article 2014
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Nag, M. (author), Rockele, M. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Chasin, A. (author), Myny, K. (author), Bhoolokam, A. (author), Willegems, M. (author), Smout, S. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Ke, T.H. (author), Schols, S. (author), Genoe, J. (author), van der Steen, J.L.P.J. (author), Groeseneken, G. (author), Heremans, P. (author)In this study, we report high-quality amorphous indiunrv-galiium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) thinfilm transistors (TFTs) fabricated on a polyethylene naphthalate foil using a new back-channel-etch (BCE) process flow. The BCE flow allows a better scalability of TFTs for high-resolution backplanes and related circuits. The maximum processing temperature...article 2014
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Gelinck, G.H. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Tripathi, A.K. (author), Ellis, T. (author), Akkerman, H. (author), van Leuken, L. (author), Li, F. (author), Maas, J. (author), Smits, E. (author), Rovers, M. (author), Nag, M. (author), Myny, K. (author), Malinowski, P. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Ke, T.H. (author), Schols, S. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Heremans, P. (author)In this paper, we present some of the technology challenges and process temperature trade-offs when realizing AM OLED displays on thin flexible plastic films that can be mechanically bent to a roll radius of ∼1 cm. We furthermore present complementary approaches to realize low-power, high resolution OLED displays using self-aligned IGZO TFT...conference paper 2014
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Nag, M. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Bhoolokam, A. (author), Chasin, A. (author), Rockele, M. (author), Myny, K. (author), Maas, J. (author), Fritz, T. (author), Trube, J. (author), Groeseneken, G. (author), Heremans, P. (author)In this work, we report on high-performance bottom-gate top-contact (BGTC) amorphous-Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) with SiO2 as an etch-stop-layer (ESL) deposited by medium frequency physical vapor deposition (mf-PVD). The TFTs show field-effect mobility (μFE) of 16.0cm2/(V.s), sub-threshold slope (SS -1) of 0.23V...article 2014
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Cobb, B. (author), Rodriguez, F.G. (author), Maas, J. (author), Ellis, T. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Myny, K. (author), Smout, S. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Bhoolokam, A. (author), Rockelé, M. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Heremans, P. (author), Marinkovic, M. (author), Pham, D.V. (author), Hoppe, A. (author), Steiger, J. (author), Anselman, R. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author)AMOLED backplanes were fabricated on both rigid glass and flexible plastic substrates using a solution processed oxide semiconductor processed at temperatures <250C with mobilities greater than 2 cm2/Vs. The backplanes were integrated onto a thin film moisture barrier and QQVGA AMOLED displays were successfully fabricated. cop. 2014 Society for...article 2014
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Nag, M. (author), Obata, K. (author), Fukui, Y. (author), Myny, K. (author), Schols, S. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Ke, T.H. (author), Smout, S. (author), Willegems, M. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Bhoolokam, A. (author), Muller, R. (author), Cobb, B. (author), Kumar, A. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Ellis, T. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Heremans, P. (author), Steudel, S. (author)We present a QQVGA (160times120 with 3 sub-pixel) top-emitting AMOLED display with 85ppi resolution using a self-aligned (SA) IGZO TFT backplane on polyimide-foil. The back plane process flow is based on a 5 layer photolithography process. The aperture ratio of the top-emitting OLEDs is approx. 25%. For operation at 6 V supply voltage (VDD), the...article 2014
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Fukui, Y. (author), Shibata, M. (author), Tanaka, Y. (author), Okumoto, K. (author), Morita, K. (author), Otake, K. (author), Tripathi, A.K. (author), van der Putten, B. (author), van der Steen, J.L. (author), Tempelaars, K. (author), van Leuken, L. (author), Li, F. (author), Yakimets, I. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author), Myny, K. (author), Smout, S. (author), Willegems, M. (author), Schols, S. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Heremans, P. (author)We have developed a full color flexible top-emission AMOLED display with 80 ppi resolution using In-Ga-Zn-O TFT backplane on PEN foil under the maximum process temperature of 150 oC. Notwithstanding the low processing temperature, the TFTs with SiOx passivation layer show high reliability with VTH shift of less than 0.2 V at 10,000 seconds under...article 2013
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Li, F.M. (author), Unnikrishnan, S. (author), van de Weijer, P. (author), van Assche, F. (author), Shen, J. (author), Ellis, T. (author), Manders, W. (author), Akkerman, H. (author), Bouten, P. (author), van Mol, A.M.B. (author)The availability of a high performance thin-film barrier is the most critical challenge in upscaling and commercializing flexible OLED products. We report a flexible thin-film-barrier technology that meets lifetime specifications for OLED lighting, and demonstrate it in rollable QVGA a-IGZO AMOLED displays. Roll-to-roll manufacturing of this...article 2013
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van der Steen, J.L.P.J. (author), Tripathi, A.K. (author), Maas, J.P.V. (author), van Diesen-Tempelaars, K. (author), van Leuken, L.B. (author), de Haas, G.J.A.J.F. (author), van der Putten, J.B.P.H. (author), Yakimets, I. (author), Li, F.M.W. (author), Ellis, T.H. (author), van Mol, A.M.B. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author), Vicca, P. (author), Smout, S. (author), Ameys, M. (author), Huei Ke, T. (author), Steudel, S. (author), Nag, M. (author), Schols, S. (author), Genoe, J. (author), Heremans, P. (author), Fukui, Y. (author), Green, S. (author)We present a low-temperature metal oxide transistor backplane technology using PECVD dielectrics. We show successful integration of the backplane in flexible 200ppi AMOLED displays on ultrathin polymer films. The displays are encapsulated with a thin-film barrier and the total stack thickness is less than 150μm.conference paper 2013
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de Jong, A.P.J. (author), Tak, S. (author), Toet, A. (author), Schultz, S. (author), Wijbenga, J.P. (author), van Erp, J.B.F. (author)Several interaction techniques have been proposed to enable transfer of information between different displays in heterogeneous multi-display environments. However, it is not clear whether subjective user preference for these different techniques depends on the nature of the displays between which information is transferred. We explore...conference paper 2013