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Determinants of postprandial plasma bile acid kinetics in human volunteers

Fiamoncini, J. (author), Yiorkas, A.M. (author), Gedrich, K. (author), Rundle, M. (author), Alsters, S.I. (author), Roeselers, G. (author), van den Broek, T.J. (author), Clavel, T. (author), Lagkouvardos, I. (author), Wopereis, S. (author), Frost, G. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Blakemore, A.I. (author), Daniel, H. (author)

Bile acids (BA) are signaling molecules with a wide range of biological effects, also identified among the most responsive plasma metabolites in the postprandial state. We here describe this response to different dietary challenges and report on key determinants linked to its interindividual variability. Healthy men and women (n = 72, 62 ± 8 yr,...

article 2017

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The impact of micronutrient status on health Correlation network analysis to understand the role of micronutrients in metabolic-inflammatory processes regulating homeostasis and phenotypic flexibility

van den Broek, T.J. (author), Kremer, B.H.A. (author), marcondes Rezende, M. (author), Hoevenaars, F.P.M. (author), Weber, P. (author), Hoeller, U. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Wopereis, S. (author)

Background. Vitamins and carotenoids are key micronutrients facilitating the maintenance of health, as evidenced by the increased risk of disease with low intake. Optimal phenotypic flexibility, i.e., the ability to respond to a physiological challenge, is an essential indicator of health status. Therefore, health can be measured by applying a...

article 2017

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Ranges of phenotypic flexibility in healthy subjects

van den Broek, T.J. (author), Bakker, G.C.M. (author), Rubingh, C.M. (author), Bijlsma, S. (author), Stroeve, J.H.M. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), van Erk, M.J. (author), Wopereis, S. (author)

Background: A key feature of metabolic health is the ability to adapt upon dietary perturbations. A systemic review defined an optimal nutritional challenge test, the "PhenFlex test" (PFT). Recently, it has been shown that the PFT enables the quantification of all relevant metabolic processes involved in maintaining or regaining homeostasis of...

article 2017

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Multi-parameter comparison of a standardized mixed meal tolerance test in healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects: the PhenFlex challenge

Wopereis, S. (author), Stroeve, J.H.M. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), Bakker, G.C.M. (author), Burggraaf, J. (author), van Erk, M.J. (author), Pellis, L. (author), Boessen, R. (author), Kardinaal, A.A.F. (author), van Ommen, B. (author)

Background: A key feature of metabolic health is the ability to adapt upon dietary perturbations. Recently, it was shown that metabolic challenge tests in combination with the new generation biomarkers allow the simultaneous quantification of major metabolic health processes. Currently, applied challenge tests are largely non-standardized. A...

article 2017

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Systems biology of personalized nutrition

van Ommen, B. (author), van den Broek, T. (author), de Hoogh, I. (author), van Erk, M. (author), van Someren, E. (author), Rouhani-Rankouhi, T. (author), Anthony, J.C. (author), Hogenelst, K. (author), Pasman, W. (author), Boorsma, A. (author), Wopereis, S. (author)

Personalized nutrition is fast becoming a reality due to a number of technological, scientific, and societal developments that complement and extend current public health nutrition recommendations. Personalized nutrition tailors dietary recommendations to specific biological requirements on the basis of a person’s health status and goals. The...

article 2017

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Leptin deficiency per se dictates body composition and insulin action in ob/ob mice

van den Hoek, A.M. (author), Teusink, B. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Pijl, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Obese humans are often insulin- and leptin resistant. Since leptin can affect glucose metabolism, it is conceivable that a lack of leptin signal transduction contributes to insulin resistance. It remains unclear whether leptin affects glucose metabolism via peripheral and/or central mechanistic routes. In the present study, we aimed: (i) to...

article 2008

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Metabolomics (liver and blood profiling) in a mouse model in response to fasting: A study of hepatic steatosis

van Ginneken, V. (author), Verhey, E. (author), Poelmann, R. (author), Ramakers, R. (author), van Dijk, K.W. (author), Ham, L. (author), Voshol, P. (author), Havekes, L. (author), van Eck, M. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

A metabolomic approach was applied to a mouse model of starvation-induced hepatic steatosis. After 24 h of fasting it appears that starvation reduced the phospholipids (PL), free cholesterol (FC), and cholesterol esters (CE) content of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). In liver lipid profiles major changes were observed using different techniques....

article 2007

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Comparison of five in vitro digestion models to in vivo experimental results: Lead bioaccessibility in the human gastrointestinal tract

van de Wiele, T.R. (author), Oomen, A.G. (author), Wragg, J. (author), Cave, M. (author), Minekus, M. (author), Hack, A. (author), Cornelis, C. (author), Rompelberg, C.J.M. (author), de Zwart, L.L. (author), Klinck, B. (author), van Wijnen, J. (author), Verstraete, W. (author), Sips, A.J.A.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

This paper presents a multi-laboratory comparison study of in vitro models assessing bioaccessibility of soil-bound lead in the human gastrointestinal tract under simulated fasted and fed conditions. Oral bioavailability data from a previous human in vivo study on the same soil served as a reference point. In general, the bioaccessible lead...

article 2007

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Fasting ghrelin does not predict food intake after short-term energy restriction

Blom, W.A.M. (author), Mars, M. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), de Groot, L.C.P.G.M. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Objective: To study the role of ghrelin as a hunger signal during energy restriction and to test the hypothesis that changes in fasting leptin concentrations during energy restriction are associated with changes in fasting ghrelin concentrations. Research Methods and Procedures: Thirty-five healthy, lean men (23 ± 3 years of age; BMI: 22.3 ±1.6...

article 2006

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Effect of satiety on brain activation during chocolate tasting in men and women

Smeets, P.A.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), van Osch, M.J.P. (author), Nievelstein, R.A.J. (author), van der Grond, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: The brain plays a crucial role in the decision to eat, integrating multiple hormonal and neural signals. A key factor controlling food intake is selective satiety, ie, the phenomenon that the motivation to eat more of a food decreases more than does the motivation to eat foods not eaten. Objective: We investigated the effect of...

article 2006

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Preterm birth and later insulin resistance: Effects of birth weight and postnatal growth in a population based longitudinal study from birth into adult life

Finken, M.J.J. (author), Keijzer-Veen, M.G. (author), Dekker, F.W. (author), Frölich, M. (author), Hille, E.T.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Wit, J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Aims/hypothesis: An increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with low birthweight after full-term gestation, including amplification of this risk by weight gain during infancy and adult body composition. Premature birth is also associated with insulin resistance, but studies conducted so far have not provided follow-up into...

article 2006

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A high-protein diet increases postprandial but not fasting plasma total homocysteine concentrations: A dietary controlled, crossover trial in healthy volunteers

Verhoef, P. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Olthof, M.R. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: A high plasma concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A high protein intake and hence a high intake of methionine-the sole dietary precursor of homocysteine-may raise plasma tHcy concentrations. Objectives: We studied whether high intake of protein increases plasma...

article 2005

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Sensory memory and food texture

Mojet, J. (author), Köster, E.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Memory for texture plays an important role in food expectations. After fasting overnight, subjects (41 women, 35 men, age 19-60 years) received a breakfast including breakfast drink, biscuits and yoghurt. Subsequently, they rated their hunger feelings every hour, and returned for a taste experiment in the evening. When unexpectedly confronted...

article 2005

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Acute hepatic steatosis in mice by blocking β-oxidation does not reduce insulin sensitivity of very-low-density lipoprotein production

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Grefhorst, A. (author), Hoekstra, J. (author), Derks, T.G.J. (author), Ouwens, D.M. (author), Baller, J.F.W. (author), Havinga, R. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Kuipers, F. (author)

Accumulation of triglycerides (TG) in the liver is generally associated with hepatic insulin resistance. We questioned whether acute hepatic steatosis induced by pharmacological blockade of β-oxidation affects hepatic insulin sensitivity, i.e., insulin-mediated suppression of VLDL production and insulin-induced activation of phosphatidylinositol...

article 2005

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Choline supplemented as phosphatidylcholine decreases fasting and postmethionine-loading plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy men

Olthof, M.R. (author), Brink, E.J. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), Verhoef, P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: A high homocysteine concentration is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease that can be reduced through betaine supplementation. Choline is the precursor for betaine, but the effects of choline supplementation on plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in healthy humans are unknown. Objective: The objective was to...

article 2005

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Sixteen hours of fasting differentially affects hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity in mice

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Heijboer, A.C. (author), Donga, E. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Dang, Z.C. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Corssmit, E.P.M. (author)

Fasting readily induces hepatic steatosis. Hepatic steatosis is associated with hepatic insulin resistance. The purpose of the present study was to document the effects of 16 h of fasting in wild-type mice on insulin sensitivity in liver and skeletal muscle in relation to 1) tissue accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) and 2) changes in mRNA...

article 2005

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Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and estradiol levels in middle-aged men and postmenopausal women: A diet-controlled intervention study

Sierksma, A. (author), Sarkola, T. (author), Eriksson, C.J.P. (author), van der Gaag, M.S. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)

Background: Moderate alcohol consumption is inversely associated with cardiovascular diseases. Changes in hormone levels might in part help explain the positive health effect. This study was performed to examine the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone, and estradiol levels....

article 2004

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Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and Insulin Sensitivity

Sierksma, A. (author), Patel, H. (author), Ouchi, N. (author), Kihara, S. (author), Funahashi, T. (author), Heine, R.J. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)

OBJECTIVE - Epidemiological studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumers have enhanced insulin sensitivity and a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived plasma protein, has been found to be negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with insulin sensitivity. Moderate alcohol consumption may...

article 2004

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Dietary serine and cystine attenuate the homocysteine-raising effect of dietary methionine: A randomized crossover trial in humans

Verhoef, P. (author), Steenge, G.R. (author), Boelsma, E. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Olthof, M.R. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), TNO Voeding (author)

Background: A high plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The increase in tHcy induced by methionine, the sole dietary precursor of homocysteine, might be modulated by other amino acids present in dietary proteins. Objectives: Our objectives were to compare the postprandial effect of free and...

article 2004

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Sensory-specific satiety in obese and normal-weight women

Snoek, H.M. (author), Huntjens, L. (author), van Gemert, L.J. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Weenen, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)

Background: Sensory-specific satiety has been found to play an important role in food choice and meal termination, and it might be a factor contributing to obesity. Objective: We hypothesized that obese and normal-weight people have different sensitivities to sensory-specific satiety for high-fat foods. Design: Sensory-specific satiety was...

article 2004