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Nitrate intake does not influence bladder cancer risk: The Netherlands Cohort Study

Zeegers, M.P. (author), Selen, R.F.M. (author), Kleinjans, J.C.S. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Objectives: N-nitroso compounds, endogenously formed from nitrate-derived nitrite, are suspected to be important bladder carcinogens. However, the association between nitrate exposure from food or drinking water and bladder cancer has not been substantially investigated in epidemiologic studies. Methods: We evaluated the associations between...

article 2006

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Job stress and major coronary events: Results from the Job Stress, Absenteeism and Coronary Heart Disease in Europe study

Kornitzer, M. (author), DeSmet, P. (author), Sans, S. (author), Dramaix, M. (author), Boulenguez, C. (author), DeBacker, G. (author), Ferrario, M. (author), Houtman, I. (author), Isacsson, S.O. (author), Ostergren, P.O. (author), Peres, I. (author), Pelfrene, E. (author), Romon, M. (author), Rosengren, A. (author), Cesana, G. (author), Wilhelmsen, L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

AIMS: The intention of this study is to investigate the relationship of the demands/control/strain model with hard coronary events in an epidemiological, prospective, multicenter, European study. METHODS AND RESULTS: Six cohorts (Brussels, Ghent, Lille, Barcelona, Göteborg and Malmö) from four European countries (Belgium, France, Spain and...

article 2006

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Risk estimation for carcinogens based on epidemiological data: A structured approach, illustrated by an example on chromium

Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Tielemans, E.L.J.P. (author), Heederik, D. (author), Rubingh, C.M. (author), Dekkers, S. (author), Willems, M.I. (author), Dinant Kroese, E. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

It is generally recognized that human, epidemiological data, if available, are preferred as the starting point for quantitative risk analysis above the use of data from animal studies. Although methods to obtain proper risk estimates from epidemiological data are available, several impediments prevent their widespread application. These...

article 2006

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Comparative effects of a contraceptive vaginal ring delivering a nonandrogenic progestin and continuous ethinyl estradiol and a combined oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel on hemostasis variables

Rad, M. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Ménard, J. (author), Burggraaf, J. (author), de Kam, M.L. (author), Meijer, P. (author), Sivin, I. (author), Sitruk-Ware, R.L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects on hemostasis variables of a contraceptive vaginal ring with those of an oral contraceptive. Study design: Twenty-three and 22 healthy premenopausal women were randomized to the contraceptive vaginal ring (150 μg Nestorone and 15 μg ethinyl estradiol) or Stediril 30 during 3 cycles. Analysis of...

article 2006

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Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies

Koushik, A. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Anderson, K.E. (author), Buring, J.E. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Hankinson, S.E. (author), Larsson, S.C. (author), Leitzmann, M. (author), Marshall, J.R. (author), McCullough, M.L. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Rodriguez, C. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Ross, J.A. (author), Schatzkin, A. (author), Schouten, L.J. (author), Willett, W.C. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Zhang, S.M. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Carotenoids, found in fruits and vegetables, have the potential to protect against cancer because of their properties, including their functions as precursors to vitamin A and as antioxidants. We examined the associations between intakes of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin and lycopene and the risk of invasive...

article 2006

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Multilevel grouped regression for analyzing self-reported health in relation to environmental factors: The model and its application

Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Groothuis-Oudshoorn, C.G.M. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)

A method for modeling the relationship of polychotomous health ratings with predictors such as area characteristics, the distance to a source of environmental contamination, or exposure to environmental pollutants is presented. The model combines elements of grouped regression and multilevel analysis. The statistical model describes the entire...

article 2006

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A pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies of dietary fat, cholesterol and egg intake and ovarian cancer

Genkinger, J.M. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Anderson, K.E. (author), Beeson, W.L. (author), Buring, J.E. (author), Colditz, G.A. (author), Fraser, G.E. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Hankinson, S.E. (author), Koenig, K.L. (author), Larsson, S.C. (author), Leitzmann, M. (author), McCullough, M.L. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Rodriguez, C. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Ross, J.A. (author), Schatzkin, A. (author), Schouten, L.J. (author), Smit, E. (author), Willett, W.C. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A. (author), Zhang, S.M. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)

Fat and cholesterol are theorized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis by increasing circulating estrogen levels. Although case-control studies have reported positive associations between total and saturated fat intake and ovarian cancer risk, two cohort studies have observed null associations. Dietary cholesterol and eggs have been positively...

article 2006

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Dairy products and ovarian cancer: A pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies

Genkinger, J.M. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Anderson, K.E. (author), Arslan, A. (author), Beeson, W.L. (author), Buring, J.E. (author), Fraser, G.E. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Hankinson, S.E. (author), Jacobs Jr., D.R. (author), Koushik, A. (author), Lacey Jr., J.V. (author), Larsson, S.C. (author), Leitzmann, M. (author), McCullough, M.L. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Rodriguez, C. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Scheuten, L.J. (author), Shore, R. (author), Smit, E. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Zhang, S.M. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: Dairy foods and their constituents (lactose and calcium) have been hypothesized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis. Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lactose, and ovarian cancer. Methods: A pooled...

article 2006

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Physical activity and risk of ovarian cancer: Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study (The Netherlands)

Biesma, R.G. (author), Schouten, L.J. (author), Dirx, M.J.M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)

Objective: To investigate the association between nonoccupational physical activity and the risk of ovarian cancer among post-menopausal women. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer consists of 62,573 women aged 55-69 years at baseline. Information regarding baseline nonoccupational physical activity and history of sports...

article 2006

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GP-initiated preconception counselling in a randomised controlled trial does not induce anxiety

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), de Jong-Potjer, L.C. (author), Elsinga, J. (author), le Cessie, S. (author), van der Pal-de Bruin, K.M. (author), Knuistingh Neven, A. (author), Buitendijk, S.E. (author), Assendelft, W.J.J. (author)

Background: Preconception counselling (PCC) can reduce adverse pregnancy outcome by addressing risk factors prior to pregnancy. This study explores whether anxiety is induced in women either by the offer of PCC or by participation with GP-initiated PCC. Methods: Randomised trial of usual care versus GP-initiated PCC for women aged 18-40, in 54...

article 2006

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Is an imbalance between physical capacity and exposure to work-related physical factors associated with low-back, neck or shoulder pain?

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), van Hamberg-Reenen, H.H. (author), Ariëns, G.A.M. (author), Blatter, B.M. (author), van der Beek, A.J. (author), Twisk, J.W.R. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Bongers, P.M. (author)

Objectives: This study investigates whether an imbalance between physical capacity and exposure to work-related physical factors is associated with low-back, neck, or shoulder pain. Methods: Data of the longitudinal study on musculoskeletal disorders, absenteeism, stress, and health (SMASH), with a follow-up of 3 years (N=1789), were used. At...

article 2006

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Dairy consumption and ovarian cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer

TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author), Mommers, M. (author), Schouten, L.J. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author)

Ovary cancer risk in relation to consumption of dairy products was investigated using a self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits and other risk factors for cancer, which was completed in 1986 by 62 573 postmenopausal women participating in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Follow-up for cancer was implemented by annual record linkage with...

article 2006

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Endotoxin exposure and atopic sensitization in adult pig farmers

Portengen, L. (author), Preller, L. (author), Tielen, M. (author), Doekes, G. (author), Heederik, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: Recent studies have reported a low prevalence of atopic sensitization and respiratory allergy in children growing up on farms. Objectives: We sought to evaluate the dose-response relationship between endotoxin and atopic sensitization in adult farmers and to assess the effect on respiratory health outcomes. Methods: Data on endotoxin...

article 2005

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Psychosocial problems among immigrant and non-immigrant children: Ethnicity plays a role in their occurrence and identification

Reijneveld, S.A. (author), Harland, P. (author), Brugman, E. (author), Verhulst, F.C. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author)

Background This study aims to examine a) the prevalence of psychosocial problems and b) the association between parent-reported problems and the identification by doctors and nurses (child health professionals, CHP) working in preventive child health care, among immigrant and non-immigrant children. Methods CHPs examined 4,098 children aged 5...

article 2005

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Alcohol consumption and augmentation index in healthy young men: The ARYA study

van Trijp, M.J.C.A. (author), Beulens, J.W.J. (author), Bos, W.J.W. (author), Uiterwaal, C.S.P.M. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background: Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease, whereas increased alcohol intake is related to hypertension and intracerebral hemorrhage. We studied the effect of alcohol consumption on the augmentation index (AIx), a measure of arterial wave reflection in a population of...

article 2005

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Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer: APC mutations, hMLH1 expression, and GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms

Lüchtenborg, M. (author), Weijenberg, M.P. (author), Kampman, E. (author), van Muijen, G.N. (author), Roemen, G.M.J.M. (author), Zeegers, M.P.A. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van't Veer, P. (author), de Goeij, A.F.P.M. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

The contribution of cigarette smoking to sporadic colorectal cancer may differ according to molecular aspects of the tumor or according to glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) or glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) genotype. In the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer, adjusted incidence rate ratios for 1986-1993 were...

article 2005

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Evaluation of migration models that might be used in support of regulations for food-contact plastics

Begley, T. (author), Castle, L. (author), Feigenbaum, A. (author), Franz, R. (author), Hinrichs, K. (author), Lickly, T. (author), Mercea, P. (author), Milana, M. (author), O'Brien, A. (author), Rebre, S. (author), Rijk, R. (author), Piringer, O. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)

Materials and articles intended to come into contact with food must be shown to be safe because they might interact with food during processing, storage and the transportation of foodstuffs. Framework Directive 89/109/EEC and its related specific Directives provide this safety basis for the protection of the consumer against inadmissible...

article 2005

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Dietary folate intake and K-ras mutations in sporadic colon and rectal cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study

Brink, M. (author), Weijenberg, M.P. (author), de Goeij, A.F.P.M. (author), Roemen, G.M.J.M. (author), Lentjes, M.H.F.M. (author), de Bruïne, A.P. (author), van Engeland, M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

We studied the association between dietary folate and specific K-ras mutations in colon and rectal cancer in The Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer. After 7.3 years of follow-up, 448 colon and 160 rectal cancer patients and 3,048 sub-cohort members (55-69 years at baseline) were available for data analyses. Mutation analysis of the K...

article 2005

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Psychosocial work characteristics in relation to neck and upper limb symptoms

van den Heuvel, S.G. (author), van der Beek, A.J. (author), Blatter, B.M. (author), Hoogendoorn, W.E. (author), Bongers, P.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial work characteristics and neck and upper limb symptoms and to examine to what extent this relationship could be explained by other risk factors. Data were used from a prospective cohort study in a working population, with a follow-up period of 3 years. The 3-year...

article 2005

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The effect of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms

van den Heuvel, S.G. (author), Heinrich, J. (author), Jans, M.P. (author), van der Beek, A.J. (author), Bongers, P.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)

Background. Little is known of the preventive effects of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms. Methods. A cohort of 1742 employees was selected from a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 3 years. Independent variables were sporting activities and physically active commuting. Outcome measures were neck...

article 2005