Setting the stage for next-generation risk assessment with non-animal approaches the EU-ToxRisk project experience

In 2016, the European Commission launched the EU-ToxRisk research project to develop and promote animal-free approaches in toxicology. The 36 partners of this consortium used in vitro and in silico methods in the context of case studies (CSs). These CSs included both compounds with a highly defined target (e.g. mitochondrial respiratory chain...

Interactive test tool for interoperable C-ITS development

This paper presents the architecture of an Interactive Test Tool (ITT) for interoperability testing of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS). Cooperative systems are developed by different manufacturers at different locations, which makes interoperability testing a tedious task. Up until now, interoperability testing is performed...

Scaling up penetration rates in field tests by emulating V2X communication

Cooperative systems require the presence of multiple cooperative ITS stations to be effective and able to cooperate. Testing a single cooperative vehicle or road side unit will require a large number of other cooperative vehicles. Equipping additional test vehicles is expensive on hardware, drivers, and test facilities. It is also time consuming...

Software-defined open-architecture modems: Historical review and the NILUS approach

Flexible/adaptive modems that are reprogramma-ble/reconfigurable at all layers of the communication stack, either by a user or by means of autonomous decisions, are considered as an important enabler for interoperability and cognitive networking in the underwater domain. This paper reviews existing literature on software-defined open...

Architecture for self-organizing, co-operative and robust Building Automation Systems

This paper provides an overview of the architecture for self-organizing, co-operative and robust Building Automation Systems (BAS) proposed by the EC funded FP7 SCUBA1 project. We describe the current situation in monitoring and control systems and outline the typical stakeholders involved in the case of building automation systems. We derive...

A systematic engineering tool chain approach for self-organizing building automation systems

There is a strong push towards smart buildings that aim to achieve comfort, safety and energy efficiency, through building automation systems (BAS) that incorporate multiple subsystems such as heating and air-conditioning, lighting, access control etc. The design, commissioning and operation of BAS is already challenging when handling an...

M&S Standards Activities in NATO

The general standardization policy of NA TO is to use civil standards whenever possible and cooperate with Standards Developing Organizations (SDO) in developing standards that meet its needs. The NMSG closely cooperates with SISO under a formal Technical Cooperation Agreement to develop standards that promote and improve simulation...

Defining the required infrastructure supporting co-operative systems

Cooperative Systems will play a critical role in enabling safe, smart and clean transport, as well as meeting the European Commission's 2020 policy goals. There is today a general understanding of the benefits of cooperative systems but there is still a need for further validation of the estimated benefits based on large scale trials. Progress...

A virtual structure approach to formation control of unicycle mobile robots using mutual coupling

In this article, the formation control problem for unicycle mobile robots is studied. A distributed virtual structure control strategy with mutual coupling between the robots is proposed. The rationale behind the introduction of the coupling terms is the fact that these introduce additional robustness of the formation with respect to...

Modelling cooperative roadside and in-vehicle intelligent transport systems using the its modeller

Within the coming years, the developments of infrastructural and in-vehicle ITS systems will come together and result in the development of cooperative vehicle-infrastructure ITS systems. The development of these integrated cooperative systems will require new modelling tools that allow a detailed modelling of both the roadside and the in...

Safespot local dynamic maps: Context-dependent view generation of a platform's state & environment

Increased availability of sensing, communication and computing equipment in modern vehicles presents opportunities for a generational advance in driver assistance and safety functions. However, the growth in the volume and complexity of data also presents challenges for its collection, maintenance and distribution. The SAFESPOT Local Dynamic Map...

Coping with the worrying complexity of cooperative driver assistance systems

In recent years a clear trend became visible towards vehicles equipped with intelligent driver assistance systems based on cooperation between vehicle and infrastructure. The main reason for this is the high potential cooperative systems show to increase traffic throughput and safety and to decrease emissions. This paper discusses an...

Developing adaptive user interfaces using a game-based simulation environment

In dynamic settings, user interfaces can provide more optimal support if they adapt to the context of use. Providing adaptive user interfaces to first responders may therefore be fruitful. A cognitive engineering method that incorporates development iterations in both a simulated and a real-world environment is used to develop new adaptive...

Experimental evaluation of a co-operative driving setup based on inter-vehicle communication

This paper discussesfield experiments conducted to evaluate a co-operativelongitudinal controller for a cluster of vehicles with inter-vehicle communication (IVC).The controller can actively control throttle, brake and gears of the used vehicles inorder to realize a smooth trafficflow. For this purpose it uses two loops; the outer loopcomputes a...