- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), van der Slot, A.J. (author), Zuurmond, A.M. (author), Bardoel, A.F.J. (author), Wijmenga, C. (author), Pruijs, H.E.H. (author), Sillence, D.O. (author), Brinckmann, J. (author), Abraham, D.J. (author), Black, C.M. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), te Koppele, J.M. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), Bank, R.A. (author)The hallmark of fibrotic processes is an excessive accumulation of collagen. The deposited collagen shows an increase in pyridinoline cross-links, which are derived from hydroxylated lysine residues within the telopeptides. This change in cross-linking is related to irreversible accumulation of collagen in fibrotic tissues. The increase in...article 2003
- document
-
Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author), Broekhuijsen, M.P. (author), Larsson, P. (author), Johansson, A. (author), Byström, M. (author), Eriksson, U. (author), Larsson, E. (author), Prior, R.G. (author), Sjöstedt, A. (author), Titball, R.W. (author), Forsman, M. (author)Francisella tularensis is a potent pathogen and a possible bioterrorism agent. Little is known, however, to explain the molecular basis for its virulence and the distinct differences in virulence found between the four recognized subspecies, F. tularensis subsp. tularensis, F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, and...article 2003
- document
-
O'Connor, D.H. (author), Mothe, B.R. (author), Weinfurter, J.T. (author), Fuenger, S. (author), Rehrauer, W.M. (author), Jing, P. (author), Rudersdorf, R.R. (author), Liebl, M.E. (author), Krebs, K. (author), Vasquez, J. (author), Dodds, E. (author), Loffredo, J. (author), Martin, S. (author), McDermott, A.B. (author), Allen, T.M. (author), Wang, C. (author), Doxiadis, G.G. (author), Montefiori, D.C. (author), Hughes, A. (author), Burton, D.R. (author), Allison, D.B. (author), Wolinsky, S.M. (author), Bontrop, R. (author), Picker, L.J. (author), Watkins, D.I. (author)Certain major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) alleles are associated with delayed disease progression in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). However, little is known about the influence of these MHC alleles on acute-phase cellular immune...article 2003
- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Bayley, J.P. (author), Bakker, A.M. (author), Kaijzel, E.L. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), Verweij, C.L. (author)Objective. To assess the role of polymorphisms of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, TNF-RI (p55) and TNF-RII (p75) in the susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Dutch patients. Methods. A total of 319 consecutive RA patients, and a cohort of 90 female RA patients with detailed 12-yr follow-up were genotyped for...article 2003
- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Bayley, J.P. (author), Bakker, A.M. (author), Kaijzel, E.L. (author), Wierenga, E.A. (author), van der Pouw-Kraan, T.C.T.M. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), Verweij, C.L. (author)The occurrence of monoallelic expression of cytokine genes in single cells has been convincingly demonstrated, but there have been few reports of this phenomenon in T cell clones. Here we describe studies on the expression of alleles of the human genes encoding IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, and IL-13 in human CD4+ T cell clones. In contrast to the results...article 2003
- document
-
TNO Animal Nutrition (author), Collier, C.T. (author), van der Klis, J.D. (author), Deplancke, B. (author), Anderson, D.B. (author), Gaskins, H.R. (author)Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a worldwide poultry disease caused by the alpha toxin-producing bacterium Clostridium perfringens. Disease risk factors include concurrent coccidial infection and the dietary use of cereal grains high in nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP), such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Outbreaks of NE can be prevented or treated...article 2003
- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Starckx, S. (author), van den Steen, P.E. (author), Verbeek, R. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), Opdenakker, G. (author)The small heat shock protein αB-crystallin is considered as a candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Gelatinase B or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is a proteinase establishing various disease-promoting feedback loops in autoimmune diseases. Human αB-crystallin was digested with natural gelatinase B and all cleavage sites...article 2003
- document
-
Rezaee, F. (author), Maas, A. (author), de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Verheijen, J.H. (author), Koopman, J. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Many epidemiological studies suggest that elevated plasma fibrinogen concentrations form one of the most important independent risk factors in blood for cardiovascular disease and particularly atherosclerosis in humans. To clarify the effect of genetic factors, diets and their interactions on plasma fibrinogen concentrations, we examined plasma...article 2002
- document
-
Kroes, R. (author), Müller, D. (author), Lambe, J. (author), Löwik, M.R.H. (author), van Klaveren, J. (author), Kleiner, J. (author), Massey, R. (author), Mayer, S. (author), Urieta, I. (author), Verger, P. (author), Visconti, A. (author)Exposure assessment is one of the key parts of the risk assessment process. Only intake of toxicologically significant amounts can lead to adverse health effects even for a relatively toxic substance. In the case of chemicals in foods this is based on three major aspects: (i) how to determine quantitatively the presence of a chemical in...article 2002
- document
-
Heinsman, N.W.J.T. (author), van der Weide, P.L.J. (author), van der Padt, A. (author), Franssen, M.C.R. (author), Boom, R.M. (author), van 't Riet, K. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The bench scale Novozym 435® catalysed esterification of 4-methyloctanoic acid with ethanol was studied at 35°C. Esterification in a batch reactor (molar ratio of 1:8 (acid:EtOH)) resulted in the isolation of the enantiomerically enriched product (eep = 81%) and substrate (ees = 93%). In order to integrate reaction and separation, liquid-vapour...article 2002
- document
-
van Duijn, G. (author), van Biert, R. (author), Bleeker-Marcelis, H. (author), van Boeijen, I. (author), Adan, A.J. (author), Jhakrie, S. (author), Hessing, M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)According to European Commission (EC) Regulation 1139/98, foods and food ingredients that are to be delivered to the final consumer in which either protein or DNA resulting from genetic modification is present, shall be subject to additional specific labeling requirements. Since 1994, genetically altered tomatoes, squash, potatoes, canola,...article 2002
- document
-
Heinsman, N.W.J.T. (author), Franssen, M.C.R. (author), van der Padt, A. (author), Boom, R.M. (author), van 't Riet, K. (author), de Groot, A.E. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are fatty acids substituted with alkyl groups. Many of them are chiral and therefore occur in two enantiomeric forms. This review describes their occurrence in Nature, their biosynthesis, their properties as flavours, and their enzymatic kinetic resolution. Many lipases are able to separate the enantiomers of...article 2002
- document
-
TNO Voeding (author), van Duijn, G. (author), van Biert, R. (author), Bleeker-Marcelis, H. (author), van Boeijen, I. (author), Adan, A.J. (author), Jhakrie, S. (author), Hessing, M. (author)According to European Commission (EC) Regulation 1139/98, foods and food ingredients that are to be delivered to the final consumer in which either protein or DNA resulting from genetic modification is present, shall be subject to additional specific labeling requirements. Since 1994, genetically altered tomatoes, squash, potatoes, canola,...article 2002
- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Tolboom, T.C.A. (author), Pieterman, E. (author), van der Laan, W.H. (author), Toes, R.E.M. (author), Huidekoper, A.L. (author), Nelissen, R.G.H.H. (author), Breedveld, F.C. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author)Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a pivotal role in the destruction of cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is mediated by the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Objective: To examine the in vitro invasiveness of synoviocytes obtained from inflamed joints of patients with arthritis in relation to the expression of MMP 1...article 2002
- document
-
Visser, J. (author), Lentjes, E. (author), Haspels, I. (author), Graffelman, W. (author), Blauw, B. (author), de Kloet, R. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Background: In this study we tested the hypothesis that the increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-patients can be attributed to an altered functioning of their glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Methods: For this purpose, affinity and distribution of the GR were studied in purified, peripheral blood mononuclear...article 2001
- document
-
Koolwijk, P. (author), Sidenius, N. (author), Peters, E. (author), Sier, C.F.M. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), Blasi, F. (author), van Hinsbergh, V.W.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Pericellular proteolysis plays an important role in cell migration and the formation of new capillary structures. The plasminogen activator/plasmin and matrix degrading metalloproteinase (MMP) cascades act together in the remodeling of matrix and cell-matrix contacts. Previously we have shown that the formation of capillary structures by human...article 2001
- document
-
Punt, P.J. (author), Seiboth, B. (author), Weenink, X.O. (author), van Zeijl, C. (author), Lenders, M. (author), Konetschny, C. (author), Ram, A.F.J. (author), Montijn, R. (author), Kubicek, C.P. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)DNA fragments containing genetic information for five secretion-related small GTPases of Aspergillus niger (srgA-E) were isolated and identified as members of different Rab/Ypt subfamilies. This isolation and the search for similar sequences in fungal genomic and EST databases showed that, in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, filamentous...article 2001
- document
-
van Baar, B.L.M. (author), Research Group Analytical and Toxic Explosive Substances, TNO Prins Maurits Laboratory, P.O. Box, Rijswijk, Netherlands (author)Chemical analysis for the characterisation of micro-organisms is rapidly evolving, after the recent advent of new ionisation methods in mass spectrometry (MS): electrospray (ES) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI). These methods allow quick characterisation of micro-organisms, either directly or after minimum sample...article 2000
- document
-
Bajramović, J.J. (author), Geutskens, S.B. (author), Bsibsi, M. (author), Boot, M. (author), Hassankhan, R. (author), Verhulst, K.C. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), Div. Immunological and Infect. Dis., TNO Prevention and Health, PO Box 2215, 2301 CE Leiden, Netherlands (author)We describe a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method for the semiquantitative detection of mRNAs encoding the human heat shock proteins αβ-crystallin, Hsp27, and Hsp60. The method involves the coamplification of cellular mRNA-derived cDNA with a dilution series of a competitor fragment (internal standard), using 1 primer pair...article 2000
- document
-
Verduin, C.M. (author), Kools-Sijmons, M. (author), van der Plas, J. (author), Vlooswijk, J. (author), Tromp, M. (author), van Dijk, H. (author), Banks, J. (author), verbrugh, H. (author), van Belkum, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Moraxella catarrhalis is a bacterial species that has been implicated in 15^20% of all cases of otitis media in the USA and the complementresistantvariant of M. catarrhalis has been considered particularly pathogenic. A collection of geographically diverse, complement-sensitive (n = 28) and -resistant strains (n = 47) of M. catarrhalis was...article 2000