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van der Greef, J. (author), McBurney, R.N. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The pharmaceutical industry is currently beleaguered by close scrutiny from the financial community, regulators and the general public. Productivity, in terms of new drug approvals, has generally been falling for almost a decade and the safety of a number of highly successful drugs has recently been brought into question. Here, we discuss...article 2005
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van der Greef, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The concept of systems-based strategies in medicine is emerging, with systems pathology guiding an understanding of the multidimensional aspects of disease system fingerprints and systems pharmacology providing insight into dynamic system responses upon (multiple) drug perturbations. Knowledge of the changes of system characteristics during...article 2005
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Verschuur, M. (author), Jong, M.de (author), Felida, L. (author), Maat, M.P.M.de (author), Vos, H.L. (author)An elevated plasma fibrinogen level is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, an understanding of the regulation of fibrinogen expression is important. Inflammation and genetic variation of the fibrinogen beta gene regulate plasma fibrinogen levels, and there are indications that inflammation and genetic variation...article 2005
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), van Uffelen, J.G.Z. (author), Hopman-Rock, M. (author), Chin A Paw, M.J.M. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author)Background: the prevalence of individuals with cognitive decline is increasing since the number of elderly adults is growing considerably. The literature provides promising results on the beneficial effect of exercise and vitamin supplementation on cognitive function both in cognitively healthy as well as in the demented elderly. Methods/Design:...article 2005
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Verschuur, M. (author), van der Beek, M.T. (author), Tak, H.S. (author), Visser, L.G. (author), de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)The acute phase reaction is important in many disease processes. Habitual levels of the acute phase proteins fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but the dynamic variation of plasma levels of acute phase proteins may be of importance as well. The aim of...article 2004
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Sierksma, A. (author), Sarkola, T. (author), Eriksson, C.J.P. (author), van der Gaag, M.S. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Moderate alcohol consumption is inversely associated with cardiovascular diseases. Changes in hormone levels might in part help explain the positive health effect. This study was performed to examine the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone, and estradiol levels....article 2004
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Gisolf, J. (author), Westerhof, B.E. (author), van Dijk, N. (author), Wesseling, K.H. (author), Wieling, W. (author), Karemaker, J.M. (author), TNO Industrie (author)Objectives We set out to determine the effect of sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG), as used during routine tilt testing in patients with unexplained syncope, on hemodynamic characteristics and baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Background Nitroglycerin is used in tilt testing to elicit a vasovagal response...article 2004
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Abel, S.M. (author), Crabtree, B. (author), Baranski, J.V. (author), Smith, D.G. (author), Thompson, M.M. (author), Steeneken, H.J.M. (author), Verhave, J.A. (author), Buckey, J.C. (author), Alvarenga, D.L. (author), Comtois, J.M. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)Introduction: Elevated hearing thresholds have been documented in some astronauts after long-term spaceflights although noise levels were lower than those normally associated with noise-induced hearing loss in ground-based operations. The present study was conducted to determine whether prolonged exposure (70 h) to levels (72 dBA) recorded on...article 2004
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Verhoef, P. (author), Steenge, G.R. (author), Boelsma, E. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Olthof, M.R. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: A high plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The increase in tHcy induced by methionine, the sole dietary precursor of homocysteine, might be modulated by other amino acids present in dietary proteins. Objectives: Our objectives were to compare the postprandial effect of free and...article 2004
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Bemelmans, W.J.E. (author), Broer, J. (author), Hulshof, K.F.A.M. (author), Siero, F.W. (author), May, J.F. (author), Meyboom-de Jong, B. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Treatment of persons at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) should include nutritional counselling, but little is known about the effects of different types of education. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study design the effects of a nutritional education programme (1st year: three group sessions by a dietitian; 2nd year: one...article 2004
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Agema, W.R.P. (author), Monraats, P.S. (author), Zwinderman, A.H. (author), de Winter, R.J. (author), Tio, R.A. (author), Doevendans, P.A.F.M. (author), Waltenberger, J. (author), de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Frants, R.R. (author), Atsma, D.E. (author), van der Laarse, A. (author), van der Wall, E.E. (author), Jukema, J.W. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Aims To document the practice of interventional cardiology and the clinical restenosis rate, as well as the risk factors for clinical restenosis in an unselected population of patients in daily practice and to provide a perspective for the need of new devices such as drug-eluting stents. Methods and results A total of 3177 consecutive patients,...article 2004
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Kleemann, R. (author), Verschuren, L. (author), de Rooij, B.J. (author), Lindeman, J. (author), de Maat, M.M. (author), Szalai, A.J. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Inflammatory processes, aside from cholesterol, play a central role in atherogenesis. Human C-reactive protein (huCRP) signals systemic inflammation and independently predicts future cardiovascular risk. Cholesterol-lowering statins reduce atherosclerosis and plasma huCRP levels. Evidence is sought for a direct anti-inflammatory statin effect in...article 2004
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van der Kamp, J.W. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The trends and needs in cereal research as discussed in 2003 AACC annual meeting are presented. The seminar identified the need of feeding a growing world population with less arable land and under more adverse agronomic conditions. An urgent need of eliminating mycotoxins and coeliac diseases to ensure safety and health of the consumers was...article 2004
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Sierksma, A. (author), Lebrun, C.E.I. (author), van der Schouw, Y.T. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Lamberts, S.W.J. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objective-Moderate alcohol consumption has been postulated to be cardioprotective. Such an effect might be reflected in large-artery properties, such as arterial stiffness and wave reflections. Methods and Results-Three hundred seventy-one healthy postmenopausal women aged 50 to 74 years were sampled from a population-based study. Alcohol intake...article 2004
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Mohrschladt, M.F. (author), Westendorp, R.G.J. (author), Gevers Leuven, J.A. (author), Smelt, A.H.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are at an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). The benefits of statin therapy are not well known since no placebo controlled studies have been performed in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the CVD event and mortality risk in statin-treated patients with...article 2004
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de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Trion, A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Purpose of review C-reactive protein (CRP) is consistently associated with cardiovascular disease in prospective and cross-sectional clinical and epidemiological studies. Inflammation is an important mechanism in cardiovascular disease, and the plasma level of CRP is considered to. reflect the inflammatory condition of the patient and/or the...article 2004
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Boekholdt, S.M. (author), Peters, R.J.G. (author), de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Zwinderman, A.H. (author), van der Wall, E.E. (author), Reitsma, P.H. (author), Jukema, J.W. (author), Kastelein, J.J.P. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Background: The PlA1A2 polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa), which affects postoccupancy signaling by the platelet fibrinogen receptor IIbIIIa, has been investigated as a potential genetic risk factor for cardiovascular events in numerous studies, without consistent results. We investigated whether the effect of this genetic variant of the...article 2004
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Sierksma, A. (author), Muller, M. (author), van der Schouw, Y.T. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: Moderate alcohol consumption has been proposed to be anti-atherogenic and protect against coronary heart disease. Arterial stiffness provides a summary measure of atherosclerotic arterial damage and cardiovascular risk. A vascular protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption would be reflected in an inverse association between...article 2004
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Ferreira, I. (author), Snijder, M.B. (author), Twisk, J.W.R. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Kemper, H.C.G. (author), Seidell, J.C. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), TNO Arbeid (author)Central and peripheral fatness seem to confer opposite (i.e. adverse vs. protective) effects on cardiovascular risk, but how this occurs is not clear. In addition, the role of peripheral lean mass needs to be elucidated. We therefore investigated, in 336 (175 women) 36-yr-old and apparently healthy adults, the relationship between trunk fat,...article 2004
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Sierksma, A. (author), Vermunt, S.H.F. (author), Lankhuizen, I.M. (author), van der Gaag, M.S. (author), Scheek, L.M. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), van Tol, A. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Alcohol consumption is associated with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. One of the main antiatherogenic functions of HDL is reverse cholesterol transport. Three early steps of reverse cholesterol transport are (1) cellular cholesterol efflux, (2) plasma cholesterol esterification (EST), and (3) cholesteryl...article 2004