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van Iersel, M.L.P.S. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The fact that dietary compounds influence the susceptibility of human beings to cancer, is widely accepted. One of the possible mechanisms that is responsible for these (anti)carcinogenic effects is that dietary constituents may modulate biotransformation enzymes, thereby affecting the (anti)carcinogenic potential of other compounds. This...article 1999
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- Feron, V.J. (author), Schwarz, M. (author), Hemminki, K. (author), Krewski, D. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author) article 1999
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The safety of β-carotene was reassessed by evaluating the relevant literature on the beneficial and adverse effects of β-carotene on cancer and, in particular, by evaluating the results of toxicity studies. β- Carotene appeared neither genotoxic nor reprotoxic or teratogenic, and no signs of organ toxicity have been found in subacute, subchronic...article 1999
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Wijnands, M.V.W. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Hollanders, V.M.H. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of diets with either a non-fermentable fibre source (cellulose) or a fermentable fibre source [galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS)], combined with different levels of dietary fat, on the development of colorectal cancer. Male Wistar rats were fed AIN76-based diets with either a low or high...article 1999
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Kirev, T. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Kiril, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The effects of a diet enriched with 25% raw soya bean flour (RSF) on the pancreas and on the avian retrovirus Pts 56-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in guinea fowl were studied. It has been shown that prolonged RSF feeding of new-hatched virus-infected and uninfected guinea fowl-poults induced enlargement of the pancreas, which was less...article 1999
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Turnbull, D. (author), Frankos, V.H. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Plant stanol esters from wood and vegetable oil sources were tested for genotoxicity in bacterial (Salmonella typhimurium) and mammalian cell (L5178Y) gene mutation assays and in a mammalian cell chromosome aberration assay (CHO cells). The two stanol ester formulations were tested separately at doses up to the limit of solubility, with and...article 1999
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Rijnkels, J.M. (author), Hollanders, V.M.H. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Koeman, J.H. (author), Alink, G.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The potential inhibitory effects of a vegetables-fruit mixture on the initiation and promotion phases of azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis were examined in rats fed low- or high-fat diets. Rats were fed low-fat diets (20 energy percent, Diets A and B) or high-fat diets (40 energy percent, Diets C and D), supplemented with a...article 1998
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Randerath, K. (author), Sriram, P. (author), Moorthy, B. (author), Aston, J.P. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), van den Berg, P.T.M. (author), Booth, E.D. (author), Watson, W.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)32P-postlabelling analysis for detecting DNA adducts formed by polycyclic aromatic compounds is one of the most widely used techniques for assessing genotoxicity associated with these compounds. In cases where the formation of adducts is extremely low, a crucial step in the analysis is an enrichment procedure for adducts prior to the...article 1998
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Vallack, H.W. (author), Bakker, D.J. (author), Brandt, I. (author), Broström-Lundén, E. (author), Brouwer, A. (author), Bull, K.R. (author), Gough, C. (author), Guardans, R. (author), Holoubek, I. (author), Jansson, B. (author), Koch, R. (author), Kuylenstierna, J. (author), Lecloux, A. (author), Mackay, D. (author), McCutcheon, P. (author), Mocarelli, P. (author), Taalman, R.D.F. (author), Weavers, N.G. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Within the context of current international initiatives on the control of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an overview is given of the scientific knowledge relating to POP sources, emissions, transport, fate and effects. At the regional scale, improvements in mass balance models for well-characterised POPs are resulting in an ability to...article 1998
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Souliotis, V.L. (author), van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Steenwinkel, M.-J.S.T. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Kyrtopoulos, S.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Groups of λlacZ transgenic mice were treated i.p. with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as single doses of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg or as 10 daily doses of 1 mg/kg and changes in DNA N7- or O6-methylguanine or the repair enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) were followed for up to 14 days in various tissues. Adduct induction in the liver...article 1998
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van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Roza, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In this review data are summarized on biomarkers that are used for biological effect monitoring of human populations exposed to genotoxic carcinogens. The biomarkers are DNA and protein adducts and cytogenetic effects. Most of these biomarkers are relevant for the process of carcinogenesis. Emphasis is on providing information on the properties...article 1998
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Bos, P.M.J. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Stevenson, H. (author), Hoogendoorn, L. (author), Boogaard, P.J. (author), de Kort, W.L.A.M. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective. To evaluate two different techniques for assessing dermal exposure to 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) in a field study. The results were used to test the applicability of a recently proposed quantitative dermal occupational exposure limit (DOEL) for MDA in a workplace scenario. Methods. For two consecutive weeks six workers were...article 1998
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de Nijs, M. (author), van Egmond, H.P. (author), Nauta, M. (author), Rombouts, F.M. (author), Notermans, S.H.W. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Fumonisin B1 is currently regarded as the most significant mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. It has carcinogenic properties and may play a role in the etiology of human esophageal cancer. The human population is exposed to fumonisin B1 primarily by intake of fumonisin B1-contaminated maize. Maize consumed in the Netherlands is imported from...article 1998
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Stouten, H. (author), Bessems, J.G.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)As part of a health-hazard survey on the health risk of hospital cleaning workers from exposure to Lyorthol, a hazard assessment of o-benzo-p-chlorophenol, one of the constituents of Lyorthol, has been prepared. In this paper, the physical and chemical characteristics, kinetics and effects of o-benzochlorophenol are described and discussed, and...article 1998
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Sherratt, P.J. (author), Manson, M.M. (author), Thomson, A.M. (author), Hissink, E.A.M. (author), Neal, G.E. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Green, T. (author), Hayes, J.D. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A characteristic feature of the class Theta glutathione S-transferase (GST) T1-1 is its ability to activate dichloromethane and dibromoethane by catalysing the formation of mutagenic conjugates. The level of the GSTT1 subunit within tissues is an important determinant of susceptibility to the carcinogenic effects of these dihaloalkanes. In the...article 1998
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)Acrylonitrile is a monomer used extensively as a raw material in the manufacturing of acrylic fibers, plastics, synthetic rubbers, and acrylamide. It has been classified as a probable human carcinogen according to the results of numerous chronic rat bioassays. The present report summarizes the toxicity data on acrylonitrile and reviews available...article 1998
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), van Loon, A.J.M. (author), Botterweck, A.A.M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Brants, H.A.M. (author), van Klaveren, J.D. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author)The association between the intake of nitrate or nitrite and gastric cancer risk was investigated in a prospective cohort study started in 1986 in the Netherlands, of 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years. At baseline, data on dietary intake, smoking habits and other covariates were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. For...article 1998
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Rijnkels, J.M. (author), Hollanders, V.H.M. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Koeman, J.H. (author), Alink, G.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The modulation of a vegetables-fruit mixture on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N- nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis was studied in rats maintained on a low- or a high-fat diet. Far this purpose, 120 rats received a semisynthetic diet without (Groups A and C) or with a vegetables-fruit mixture (19.5% wt/wt, Groups B and D) for 35 weeks...article 1997
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van Loon, A.J.M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Kant, I. (author), Swaen, G.M.H. (author), Kremer, A.M. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Study objective - To evaluate the influence of occupational exposure to carcinogens in explaining the association between socioeconomic status and lung cancer. Design - A prospective cohort study. Data on diet, other lifestyle factors, sociodemographic characteristics and job history were collected by means of a self administered questionnaire....article 1997
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Ploemen, J.P.H.T.M. (author), Wormhoudt, L.W. (author), Haenen, G.R.M.M. (author), Oudshoorn, M.J. (author), Commandeur, J.N.M. (author), Vermeulen, N.P.E. (author), de Waziers, I. (author), Beaune, P.H. (author), Watabe, T. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author)Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane, EDB) is metabolized by two routes: a conjugative route catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases (GST) and an oxidative route catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (P450). The GST route is associated with carcinogenicity. An approach is presented to use human purified GST and P450 enzymes to explore the importance of...article 1997