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Dormans, J.A.M.A. (author), Steerenberg, P.A. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), van Bree, L. (author), de Klerk, A. (author), Verlaan, A.P.J. (author), Bruijntjes, J.P. (author), Beekhof, P. (author), van Soolingen, D. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In this study the effects of inhalatory exposure to coal fly ash on lung pathology and the immune system in rats were examined. Rats were exposed to 0, 10, 30, or 100 mg/m3 coal fly ash (6 h/day, 5 days/wk) for 4 wk, or to 0 and 100 mg/m3 for 1 wk, and for 1 wk followed by a recovery in clean air of 3 wk. A concentration-related increase in lung...article 1999
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Schaafsma, A. (author), Beelen, G.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Powdered chicken eggshells might be an interesting and widely available source of calcium. In two studies using piglets we determined the digestibility of calcium from different diets. The first study compared casein-based diets with CaCO3 (CasCC) or eggshell powder (CasES). The second study compared soya protein isolate-based diets with CaCO3 ...article 1999
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van Beek, E. (author), Pieterman, E. (author), Cohen, L. (author), Löwik, C. (author), Papapoulos, S. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Bisphosphonates (Bps), inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption, are used in the treatment of skeletal disorders. Recent evidence indicated that farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) synthase and/or isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) isomerase is the intracellular target(s) of bisphosphonate action. To examine which enzyme is specifically affected, we...article 1999
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Brocken, H.J.P. (author), Larbi, J.A. (author), Pel, L. (author), van der Pers, N.M. (author), TNO Bouw (author)The formation of cured mortar structure in masonry was studied using multiple experimental techniques. Starting with fresh mortar, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to measure the water extraction during brick laying. After curing, the composition of cured mortar was investigated with polarizing and fluorescent microscopy (PFM) and X-Ray...article 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Lako, P. (author), Beeldman, M. (author), van Dril, A.W.N. (author), Menkveld, M. (author), Harmelink, M.G.M. (author), Feimann, P.F.L. (author), Annema, J.A.A. (author), d. Vries, H.J.M. (author)-report 1999
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- van Dril, A.W.N. (author), Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author) report 1999
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de Best, J.H. (author), Hunneman, P. (author), Doddema, H.J. (author), Janssen, D.B. (author), Harder, W. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Carbon tetrachloride (52 μM) was biodegraded for more than 72% in an anaerobic packed-bed reactor without addition of an external electron donor. The chloride mass balance demonstrated that all carbon tetrachloride transformed was completely dechlorinated. Chloroform and dichloromethane were sometimes also found as transformation products, but...article 1999
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Pierik, A.J. (author), Roseboom, W. (author), Happe, R.P. (author), Bagley, K.A. (author), Albracht, S.P.J. (author)Infrared-spectroscopic studies on the [NiFe]-hydrogenase of Chromatium vinosum-enriched in 15N or 13C, as well as chemical analyses, show that this enzyme contains three non-exchangeable, intrinsic, diatomic molecules as ligands to the active site, one carbon monoxide molecule and two cyanide groups. The results form an explanation for the three...article 1999
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de Bie, A.T.H.J. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Bär, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The absorption, disposition, metabolism, and excretion of 14C-labeled γ-cyclodextrin ([14C]γ-CD) was examined in four separate experiments with Wistar rats. In experiment 1, [14C]γ-CD (25 μCi, 600 mg/kg body wt) was administered intravenously to four male and four female conventional rats. In experiment 2, [14C]γ- CD (25 μCi, 1000 mg/kg body wt)...article 1998
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van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Steenwinkel, M-J.S.T. (author), van Asten, J.G. (author), van Es, J. (author), Kraak, A. (author), Baan, R.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)An investigation is presented of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in a carbon-electrode manufacturing plant, as assessed by three monitoring methods, viz, environmental monitoring of the external dose by analysis of personal air samples, biological monitoring of the internal dose by analysis of urinary 1...article 1998
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Zhu, Y. (author), Rinzema, A. (author), Bonarius, H.P.J. (author), Tramper, J. (author), Bol, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Metabolic flows, especially those of amino acids, were determined and analyzed at different stages of a batch fermentation for microbial transglutaminase production by Streptoverticillium mobaraense. The method is mainly based on mass balances and measurements of amino acids and other metabolites. The measurements included the consumption rate...article 1998
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Smits, J.P. (author), Rinzema, A. (author), Tramper, J. (author), van Sonsbeek, H.M. (author), Hage, J.C. (author), Kaynak, A. (author), Knol, W. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In this paper, correlations between temperature and kinetics of Trichoderma reesei QM9414 growing on wheat bran are described in terms of glucosamine production, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production. Maximum growth temperature (T(max)) being approximately 314 K, is estimated by measuring the radial growth rate on wheat bran. The...article 1998
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Rijkeboer, R.C. (author), Havenith, C. (author), Baarbe, H.L. (author), TNO Wegtransportmiddelen (author)Different scenarios have been compared for the future reduction of CO2-emission under real-world driving conditions. A significant shift towards diesel appears hardly to benefit the CO2 but would carry a real NOx penalty. Introduction of DI petrol engines and a shift towards gaseous fuels for s.i. engines would have similar results for CO2,...conference paper 1998
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Feron, P.H.M. (author), Jansen, A.E. (author)The use of membrane gas absorption for carbon dioxide production from flue gases is discussed with special reference to the combined supply of heat and carbon dioxide to greenhouses. Novel absorption liquids are introduced which show an improved performance in terms of system stability and mass transfer compared to monoethanolamine when used in...article 1997
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Koops, M. (author), Huijser, T. (author), Karthaus, W. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)Fibre armatures have been studied both dynamically and statically to gain insight in their electrothermal and mechanical behaviour. In the first part of this paper, the results of launch experiments with single and multi-segment copper and molybdenum fibre armatures integrated in carbon-fibre reinforced launch packages are discussed. The launch...article 1997
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Audus, H. (author), Oonk, H. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)The concept of reducing emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere by producing chemicals has been suggested by many people as a potential greenhouse gas mitigation option. The goal of such schemes is either: (i) fixation of CO2 in a chemical compound for a significant time, or, (ii) reduction of emissions by replacing an existing process with an...article 1997
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- TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Saeijs, J.C.P.L. (author), van Kessel, L.B.M. (author), Heesink, A.B.M (author), Temmink, H.M.G. (author) report 1997
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Haenen, H.E.M.G. (author), Spenkelink, A. (author), Teunissen, C. (author), Temmink, J.H.M. (author), Koeman, J.H. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)Confluent monolayers of primary rat renal proximal tubular (RPT) cells were used to compare transepithelial transport and concomitant metabolism of two different glutathione (GSH) S-conjugates. For the GSH-conjugated quinone compound, [35S]GSH-conjugated menadione (MGNQ), no specific transepithelial transport was observed. Most likely, [35S]MGNQ...article 1996
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van Ommen, B. (author), de Bie, B. (author), Bar, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The metabolism and disposition of U-14C-erythritol was examined in four groups of three male and three female, nonfasted rats each. The rats of groups A and D were germfree; the rats of groups B and C were kept under conventional conditions. The rats of group B received an erythritol-supplemented diet for 3 weeks prior to the experiment (adapted...article 1996
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Nijssen, B. (author), Kamperman, T. (author), Jetten, J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The use of PET bottles for packaging soft drinks and mineral waters is still growing world wide. The production process for these bottles is improving constantly. These improvements are focussed on bottles with better barrier properties, higher inertness and higher heat stability. One of the factors determining the quality of PET bottles is the...article 1996