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Löwik, M.R.H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Several methods can be and are being used to assess individual food consumption. Four types, namely 24-h recall, dietary records, food frequency and dietary history are discussed. For assessing the exposure to additives it is concluded that the dietary history method is probably the best choice since this method is oriented towards a...article 1996
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Til, H.P. (author), Modderman, J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Erythritol was orally administered to Wistar rats at dietary levels of 0, 5, and 10% for 4 weeks. Soft stools and diarrhea were observed in male and female animals of the 10% group and in female animals of the 5% group. These symptoms disappeared during the course of the study. Mean body weights of male rats in the high-dose group were...article 1996
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van Smits- Prooije, A.E. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Bär, A. (author)The embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of erythritol, a low-calorie polyol sugar substitute, was examined in Wistar Crl:(WI) WU BR rats. Erythritol was fed at dietary concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10% to groups of 32 female rats from Day 0 to 21 of gestation. The treatment was generally well tolerated and no mortality occurred in any group. Weight...article 1996
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Til, H.P. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Falke, H.E. (author), Bär, A. (author)Erythritol is a sugar alcohol (polyol) with potential applications as a low-calorie, bulk sweetener. Ingested erythritol is efficiently absorbed and excreted unchanged via the urine since it is not metabolized systemically by the animal or human body. Erythritol was administered to four groups of 10 male and 10 female Swiss CD-1 mice and four...article 1996
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Appel, M.J. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The effects of vitamins E and E, β-carotene and selenium on development of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP)-induced pancreatic tumours in hamsters were investigated. Dietary supplementation of vitamin C, alone as well as in combination with β-carotene resulted in consistently lower numbers of advanced ductular lesions. The differences with...article 1996
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Appel, M.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)In the present study the effects of 0.1 or 1.0 g β-carotene/kg diet (LβC or HβC) and 1.0 mg or 2.5 mg selenium/kg diet (LSel or HSel), as well as combinations of the respective low and high concentrations of p-carotene and selenium (LMix or HMix) on the initiation/early promotion phase or on the late promotion phase of pancreatic carcinogenesis...article 1996
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Visser, C.J.T. (author), Bruggink, A.H. (author), Korc, M. (author), Kobrin, M.S. (author), de Weger, R.A. (author), Seifert-Bock, I. (author), van Blokland, W.T.M. (author), van Garderen Hoetmer, A. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Using immunohistochemistry, Northern blotting and a semi-quantitative PCR technique, epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression were studied in the pancreas of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)-amine (BOP)-treated hamsters. After initiation pancreatic carcinogenesis was...article 1996
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TNO Voeding (author), van Leeuwen, P. (author), Veldman, A. (author), Boisen, S. (author), Deuring, K. (author), van Kempen, G.J.M. (author), Derksen, G.B. (author), Verstegen, M.W.A. (author), Schaafsma, G. (author)Two experiments were conducted to determine apparent ileal DM and crude-protein (CP) digestibilities in rations fed to pigs. An evaluation was made of Cr2O3 and HCl-insoluble ash as digestive markers. In addition, the effects of body weight (BW) on apparent ileal DM and CP (N x 6.25) digestibilities were studied. In Expt 1, thirteen barrows...article 1996
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Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)In the present study the putative chemopreventive effect of dietary fish oil (MaxEPA) on azaserine-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in rats was investigated. Groups of rats were maintained on a semipurified low-fat (LF; 5 wt%) diet or on semipurified high-fat (HF; 25 wt%) diets containing 5 wt% linoleic acid (LA) and including 0.0, 1.2, 2.4, 4...article 1996
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Visser, C.J.T. (author), Meijers, M. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Klijn, J.G.M. (author), Foekens, J.A. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The present 12-month study was carried out to investigate the effects of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide, alone and in combination with orchiectomy, on pancreatic carcinogenesis in azaserine-treated rats and N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-treated hamsters. Treatment of the animals started 4 months after the last injection with the...article 1995
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Velthuis-te Wierik, E.J.M. (author), Meijer, P. (author), Kluft, C. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Impaired fibrinolytic activity has been reported in the elderly and is thought to play a role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease, one of the leading causes of death in most Western countries. Since restriction of energy intake has been demonstrated to act beneficially on the aging process in a variety of species, we studied the effect of...article 1995
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Groen, K. (author), Breimer, D.D. (author), Jansen, E.J. (author), van Bezooijen, C.F.A. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)The influence of aging on the metabolism of antipyrine (AP) and hexobarbital enantiomers (R-HB and S-HB) with and without phenobarbital (PB) induction was investigated in a longitudinal study in rats aged 6, 12, 24 and 30 months. The metabolic clearances of AP (Cl(m AP)), R-HB (Cl(m R-HB)) and S-HB (Cl(m S-HB)) were used as indicators for P450...article 1994
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- Schaapveld, K. (author), Hirasing, R.A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author) article 1993
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Buitendijk, S.E. (author), van Enk, A. (author), Oosterhout, R. (author), Ris, M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)The objective was to compare the course of teenage pregnancies and deliveries with those of women between the ages of 20 and 29, using data from the 1989 National Obstetric Database (LVR) when approximately 76% of cases conducted by obstetricians were registered. 4500 teenage pregnancies were studied to compare the risk of preterm birth, low...article 1993
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Jonker, D. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Til, H.P. (author), Feron, V.J. (author)In a 4-wk study, 10-wk-old Wistar rats were fed the nephrotoxins hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), mercuric chloride, d-limonene and lysinoalanine either alone or in combination. These nephrotoxins damage epithelial cells of the proximal tubules, but by different mechanisms. Each chemical was given alone at a Minimum-Nephrotoxic-Effect Level ...article 1993
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Pistecky, P.V. (author), van Beek, H.F. (author), Klinkhamer, J.F.F. (author), Brèchignac, F. (author)During spaceflights, it is important to measure an astronaut's body mass ('weight'), both for investigating the influence of the space environment on the human body and for monitoring the physical (health) condition of the astronaut. This paper reports the development of a mass measuring device that is compact, user friendly, and has an absolute...article 1992
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Instituut voor Voedingsmiddelentechnologie TNO (author), Wortelboer, H.M. (author), de Kruif, C.A. (author), van Iersel, A.A.J. (author), Noordhoek, J. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Falke, H.E. (author)Male Wistar rats were given semi-synthetic diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5 and 20% cooked Brussels sprouts for 2, 7, 14 or 28 days. The effects on several cytochrome P-450 enzymes and phase II enzymes (glutathione S-transferase (GST), glucuronyl transferases 1 and 2 (GT1 and GT2) and DT-diaphorase (DTD)) in the liver and small intestinal...article 1992
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Huisman, J. (author), Heinz, T. (author), van der Poel, A.F.B. (author), van Leeuwen, P. (author), Souffrant, W.B. (author), Verstegen, M.W.A. (author)The faecal and ileal true protein digestibilities of the raw pea (Pisum sativum) varieties finale and frijaune and the ileal true protein digestibility of steam-processed common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were measured in piglets using the 15N-dilution technique. The faecal true protein digestibility of both pea varieties was about 97. The ileal...article 1992
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Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Meijers, M. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Lamers, C.B.H.W. (author), Rovati, L.C. (author), Sprij-Mooij, D. (author), Jansen, J.B.M.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)The role of cholecystokinin in dietary fat-promoted pancreatic carcinogenesis was investigated in azaserine-treated rats, using lorglumide, a highly specific cholecystokinin-receptor antagonist. The animals were killed 8 months after the start of treatment. Cholecystokinin, but not dietary unsaturated fat, increased pancreatic weight. Rats...article 1992
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), de Knijff, P. (author), van den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (author), Stalenhoef, A.F.H. (author), Leuven, J.A.G. (author), Demacker, P.N.M. (author), Kuyt, L.P. (author), Frants, R.R. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author)By the careful screening of familial dysbetalipoproteinemic (FD) patients, five probands showing heterozygosity for the APOE*3-Leiden allele were found. Genealogical studies revealed that these probands share common ancestry in the 17th century. In a group of 128 family members, spanning three generations, 37 additional heterozygous APOE*3...article 1991