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van Duijn, E. (author), Sandman, H. (author), Grossouw, D. (author), Mocking, J.A.J. (author), Coulier, L. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author)The increasing role of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in biomedical research necessitates modernization of the traditional sample handling process. AMS was originally developed and used for carbon dating, therefore focusing on a very high precision but with a comparably low sample throughput. Here, we describe the combination of automated...article 2014
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Heringa, M.B. (author), Harmsen, D.J.H. (author), Beerendonk, E.F. (author), Reus, A.A. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Metz, D.H. (author), Ijpelaar, G.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The objective of this study was to determine the genotoxic activity of water after UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> oxidation and GAC filtration. Pre-treated surface water from three locations was treated with UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with medium pressure (MP) lamps and passed through granulated activated carbon (GAC). Samples taken before and...article 2011
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Al-Lahham, S.H. (author), Peppelenbosch, M.P. (author), Roelofsen, H. (author), Vonk, R.J. (author), Venema, K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Undigested food is fermented in the colon by the microbiota and gives rise to various microbial metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including acetic, propionic and butyric acid, are the principal metabolites produced. However, most of the literature focuses on butyrate and to a lesser extent on acetate; consequently, potential effects...article 2010
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van Noort, J.M. (author), Bsibsi, M. (author), Gerritsen, W.H. (author), van der Valk, P. (author), Bajramovic, J.J. (author), Steinman, L. (author), Amor, S. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)We present the first comparative analysis of serum immunoglobulinG reactivity profiles against the full spectrum of human myelin-associated proteins in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy control subjects. In both groups, serum antibodies display a consistent and prominent reaction to αB-crystallin (CRYAB) versus other myelin proteins. As an...article 2010
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Boelsma, E. (author), Brink, E.J. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The general feeling of wellness after food consumption may play an important role in regulating food intake. This exploratory study aimed at identifying and evaluating measures of such postprandial wellness, tentatively defined as subjective appreciation of life after food intake. The study had a randomized cross-over, double blind design....article 2010
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Hogervorst, J.G.F. (author), Baars, B.-J. (author), Schouten, L.J. (author), Konings, E.J.M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Since 2002, it is known that the probable human carcinogen acrylamide is present in commonly consumed carbohydrate-rich foods, such as French fries and potato chips. In this review, the authors discuss the body of evidence on acrylamide carcinogenicity from both epidemiological and rodent studies, including variability, strengths and weaknesses,...article 2010
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Coulier, L. (author), Bradley, E.L. (author), Bas, R.C. (author), Verhoeckx, K.C.M. (author), Driffield, M. (author), Harmer, N. (author), Castle, L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is an epoxide that is used as a starting substance in the manufacture of can coatings for food-contact applications. Following migration from the can coating into food, BADGE levels decay and new reaction products are formed by reaction with food ingredients. The significant decay of BADGE was demonstrated by...article 2010
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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens - Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Slob, W. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Current developmental and reproductive toxicity protocols include only a limited set of parameters for effects on the developing immune system. In this study, a wide range of immunological parameters were included in a pre- and postnatal developmental toxicity study. Dose-response data were compared to determine the relative sensitivity of...article 2010
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Savolainen, K. (author), Pylkkänen, L. (author), Norppa, H. (author), Falck, G. (author), Lindberg, H. (author), Tuomi, T. (author), Vippola, M. (author), Alenius, H. (author), Hämeri, K. (author), Koivisto, J. (author), Brouwer, D. (author), Mark, D. (author), Bard, D. (author), Berges, M. (author), Jankowska, E. (author), Posniak, M. (author), Farmer, P. (author), Singh, R. (author), Krombach, F. (author), Bihari, P. (author), Kasper, G. (author), Seipenbusch, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The significance of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) and nanotechnologies grows rapidly. Nanotechnology applications may have a positive marked impact on many aspects of on human every day life, for example by providing means for the production of clean energy and pure drinking water. Hundreds of consumer nano-based products are already on the...article 2010
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Kälin, S. (author), Amstutz, B. (author), Gastaldelli, M. (author), Wolfrum, N. (author), Boucke, K. (author), Havenga, M. (author), DiGennaro, F. (author), Liska, N. (author), Hemmi, S. (author), Greber, U.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Human adenovirus serotype 35 (HAdV-35; here referred to as Ad35) causes kidney and urinary tract infections and infects respiratory organs of immunocompromised individuals. Unlike other adenoviruses, Ad35 has a low seroprevalence, which makes Ad35-based vectors promising candidates for gene therapy. Ad35 utilizes CD46 and integrins as receptors...article 2010
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Bsibsi, M. (author), Bajramovic, J.J. (author), Vogt, M.H. (author), van Duijvenvoorden, E. (author), Baghat, A. (author), Persoon-Deen, C. (author), Tielen, F. (author), Verbeek, R. (author), Huitinga, I. (author), Ryffel, B. (author), Kros, A. (author), Gerritsen, W.H. (author), Amor, S. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)TLR3 recognizes dsRNAs and is considered of key importance to antiviral host-defense responses. TLR3 also triggers neuroprotective responses in astrocytes and controls the growth of axons and neuronal progenitor cells, suggesting additional roles for TLR3-mediated signaling in the CNS. This prompted us to search for alternative, CNS-borne...article 2010
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Louisse, J. (author), Bai, Y. (author), Verwei, M. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Embryotoxicity of glycol ethers is caused by their alkoxyacetic acid metabolites, but the mechanism underlying the embryotoxicity of these acid metabolites is so far not known. The present study investigates a possible mechanism underlying the embryotoxicity of glycol ether alkoxyacetic acid metabolites using the methoxyacetic acid (MAA)...article 2010
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van der Greef, J. (author), van Wietmarschen, H. (author), Schroën, J. (author), Wang, M. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author), Xu, G. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Innovative systems approaches to develop medicine and health care are emerging from the integration of Chinese and Western medicine strategies, philosophies and practices. The two medical systems are highly complementary as the reductionist aspects of Western medicine are favourable in acute disease situations and the holistic aspects of Chinese...article 2010
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van Delft, J.H.M. (author), Mathijs, K. (author), Staal, Y.C.M. (author), van Herwijnen, M.H.M. (author), Brauers, K.J.J. (author), Boorsma, A. (author), Kleinjans, J.C.S. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Chemical carcinogens may cause a multitude of effects inside cells, thereby affecting transcript levels of genes by direct activation of transcription factors (TF) or indirectly through the formation of DNA damage. As the temporal profiles of these responses may be profoundly different, examining time-dependent changes may provide new insights...article 2010
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Eefting, D. (author), Seghers, L. (author), Grimbergen, J.M. (author), de Vries, M.R. (author), de Boer, H.C. (author), Lardenoye, J.W.H.P. (author), Jukema, J.W. (author), van Bockel, J.H. (author), Quax, P.H.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Aims Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin-mediated proteolysis, especially at the cell surface, play important roles in matrix degeneration and smooth muscle cell migration, which largely contributes to vein graft failure. In this study, a novel hybrid protein was designed to inhibit both protease systems...article 2010
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van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Pelzer, J. (author), Moehlmann, C. (author), Berges, M. (author), Bard, D. (author), Wake, D. (author), Mark, D. (author), Jankowska, E. (author), Brouwer, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Preliminary results of inventories of exposure scenarios for nanomaterials have indicated possible dermal exposure. Within the NANOSH project focused on occupational safety and health aspects of nanotechnology a shortened version of the observational DeRmal Exposure AssessMent (DREAM) method was used as an initial method to assess dermal...article 2010
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Jovetic, S. (author), Zhu, Y. (author), Marcone, G.L. (author), Marinelli, F. (author), Tramper, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Most infections are caused by bacteria, many of which are ever-evolving and resistant to nearly all available antibiotics. β-Lactams and glycopeptides are used to combat these infections by inhibiting bacterial cell-wall synthesis. This mechanism remains an interesting target in the search for new antibiotics in light of failed genomic...article 2010
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Louisse, J. (author), de Jong, E. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Verwei, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)At present, regulatory assessment of systemic toxicity is almost solely carried out using animal models. The European Commission's REACH legislation stimulates the use of animal-free approaches to obtain information on the toxicity of chemicals. In vitro toxicity tests provide in vitro concentration-response curves for specific target cells,...article 2010
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Stoop, M.P. (author), Coulier, L. (author), Rosenling, T. (author), Shi, S. (author), Smolinska, A.M. (author), Buydens, L. (author), Ampt, K. (author), Stingl, C. (author), Dane, A. (author), Muilwijk, B. (author), Luitwieler, R.L. (author), Sillevis Smitt, P.A.E. (author), Hintzen, R.Q. (author), Bischoff, R. (author), Wijmenga, S.S. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author), van Gool, A.J. (author), Luider, T.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used in biomarker discovery studies for various neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, little is known about variation of CSF proteins and metabolites between patients without neurological disorders. A baseline for a large number of CSF compounds appears to be lacking. To...article 2010
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Bloemen, J.G. (author), Olde Damink, S.W.M. (author), Venema, K. (author), Buurman, W.A. (author), Jalan, R. (author), Dejong, C.H.C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background & aims: Prebiotics are increasingly used to improve gut integrity. A presumed mechanism of their beneficial action is the synthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFA: acetate, propionate and butyrate). High systemic concentrations of propionate and butyrate are toxic and can adversely affect the patient. In physiological situations the...article 2010